安徽铜陵矿集区铜官山矿田胶状黄铁矿矿物学特征及其对成矿作用的制约     

徐亮  谢巧勤  周跃飞  陈平  孙少华  陈天虎 《岩石学报》2019,35(12):3721-3733

铜官山矿田是铜陵矿集区内五大矿田之一,矿田内顺层产出的层状硫化物矿体是铜金矿床的主矿体,矿体内含有较多的胶状黄铁矿,其成因的争议制约了对铜金矿床成矿作用的解析。本文主要利用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)等纳米矿物学手段,并结合光学显微镜、粉晶X射线衍射(XRD)、微区激光拉曼光谱分析等方法,对矿田内铜官山矿床及天马山矿床内层状硫化物矿体中胶状黄铁矿矿石的矿物组成、微形貌、微结构等特征进行系统研究,结果表明胶状黄铁矿矿石多呈胶状、鲕状结构,具有同心环状构造,同心环被赤铁矿、菱铁矿与黄铜矿脉穿切。同心环主要由白铁矿+有机质与胶状黄铁矿交替组成。胶状黄铁矿的黄铁矿颗粒粒径从纳米至亚微米均有分布,以自形-半自形立方体为主,少数呈他形,脉体边部胶状黄铁矿颗粒较大,自形程度较高,重结晶显著。矿石中含有少量白云石、伊利石微晶体,与胶状黄铁矿紧密共存,显示典型沉积特征。共存石英磨圆度较高,存在次生加大现象,表面存在胶状黄铁矿印模,显示为碎屑成因。这些综合信息表明胶状黄铁矿非岩浆热液成因,而是与石炭系地层同沉积成岩成因,并可能有微生物作用参与。高孔隙率、高化学活性及较高有机质含量的胶状黄铁矿可能为燕山期岩浆热液演化的含铜成矿流体提供了沉淀剂,对矿田内铜金硫化物矿体的层控性发挥了重要的控制作用。  相似文献   

酸碱污染Q3黄土的一维压缩特征试验研究     

刘华  张硕成  牛富俊  邵珠山  牛泽林  鲁洁 《岩土力学》2019,40(Z1):210-216

随着黄土地区工业化和城镇化的不断发展,工业废水和生活污水中酸、碱以及pH值发生改变的雨水对土壤的污染问题日渐突出,地基土体受污染后在地表建筑物荷载的作用下会发生不同程度的二次沉降次生灾害。为研究酸碱污染对Q3黄土在不同压力区间内压缩指标的变化特征,对经过不同浓度污染后的土样进行标准固结试验。试验结果表明,对比孔隙水为蒸馏水的工况,酸污染土的总变形量增大,且最大压缩变形压力段下降;碱污染土的总变形量减小,且最大压缩变形压力段上升;土样经过酸污染后压缩系数增大,中压缩性变为高压缩性,但碱污染后的压缩系数却有不同程度的降低;酸污染土的压缩系数、压缩模量、体积压缩系数和压缩指数等压缩指标在小于400 kPa的中、低压力区间更敏感,碱污染土在大于400 kPa的高压力区更敏感。在该基础上对侧限条件下的应力?应变关系进行分析,发现在不同污染情况下污染黄土的应力?应变曲线较好的符合Guanry关系。  相似文献   

桂北地苏铜镍矿镁铁质—超镁铁质岩体侵位时代、地球化学特征及其成矿成岩分析     

孙建勋  王宗起  马收先  庞绪勇  宫江华  覃小锋  傅振洋 《地质学报》2019,93(5):1081-1095

桂北宝坛地区作为为数不多的新元古代岩浆Ni-Cu硫化物矿田,对区内成矿岩体开展岩浆演化过程和构造背景方面研究具有重要意义。本文以地苏赋矿镁铁质—超镁铁质岩体为研究对象,进行岩相学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学等方面的综合分析。分析结果显示,岩体自西向东发育三个脉动韵律:辉石岩、辉橄岩-橄辉岩-辉石岩-辉长岩、闪长岩,铜镍硫化物矿化形成于前两个韵律底部;闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄857±8Ma限定其成矿时代为新元古代早期;岩体Mg~#值为71.91～80.07,m/f比值为2.56～4.02,MgO与Al_2O_3、CaO负相关。稀土元素配分曲线显示轻稀土富集、重稀土平坦的配分模式。大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti明显亏损,与陆缘弧亚碱性玄武岩相似;δ³⁴S值在2.3‰～3.8‰之间,与MORB地幔结果不同(-1.57‰～+0.60‰)。岩石组合和地球化学特征表明岩浆源区为受过地壳混染和流体交代改造的部分熔融岩石圈地幔,具有岛弧岩浆的地球化学特征,表明桂北宝坛铜镍硫化物矿床形成于俯冲环境。岩浆侵位过程中地壳物质混染、岩浆结晶分异作用是促使桂北宝坛地区镁铁质—超镁铁质岩浆发生硫饱和及硫化物熔离的主要因素。  相似文献   

新疆北山早二叠世岩浆型铜镍硫化物矿床 综合信息勘查模式   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘月高  吕新彪  阮班晓  柳潇  刘双  冯京  邓刚  王恒  曾华栋  王鹏  王伟  王磊  陆强 《矿床地质》2019,38(3):644-666

新疆北山发育有20～30个产于晚古生代北山裂谷带中的早二叠世超基性岩岩体。自2008年以来在坡北基性-超基性杂岩体中发现坡一大型镍矿床和坡十中型镍矿床。利用本项目资料结合前人研究成果,文章从构造、岩体基本特征、围岩条件、矿物学特征、化探异常特征、地球物理参数等多个方面总结了含矿岩体(相)与非含矿岩体(相)的区别。研究发现新疆北山铜镍矿矿床受深大断裂控制,多产于深大断裂一侧的次级断裂中。在预查阶段或预查以前,可以首先利用1∶20万和1∶5万勘查地球化学数据,对Cu、Ni、Co、Cr异常区进行调查研究,同时辅以ETM遥感线环解译、1∶5万航磁资料的化极和向上延拓图(关注高磁异常)和1∶5万重力资料的布格重力异常(关注△GB-142×10 g.u的区域)来圈定区域上的基性超基性岩体。地表的孔雀石蚀变、黄钾铁矾和镍华是寻找铜镍矿的重要线索。在普查阶段,若存在纯橄岩且岩相分异良好的杂岩体,则更有可能发现铜镍矿。同一地区,具有高Cr尖晶石且尖晶石Fe3+/∑Fe0.3的基性-超基性杂岩体,成铜镍矿的潜力更大;含最超基性或接近最超基性的岩相的岩体成铜镍矿的可能性更大;含有高Fo、高NiO、低FeO*、低CaO、低TiO2的橄榄石且低Fe、Ca含量辉石的岩相是铜镍矿勘查的优选岩相。围岩有硫化物、硫酸盐或石墨层的超基性岩体的成矿潜力要大于围岩为无硫化物方解石大理岩的超基性岩体的成矿潜力。在此基础上,瞬变电磁(TEM)方法获得的瞬变响应感应电动势的垂直分量DBz/Dt(1.2)数据和可控源声频大地电磁可以用来推断深部超基性岩体的分布,是深部验证的重要依据。三维磁化率反演可以为矿区的定位预测或确定超基性岩体的延伸情况提供一定的依据。井中磁测可以作为防止漏矿的一种补充方法。在详查阶段,通过精细钻孔编录和三维软件查明矿体的空间展布趋势规律可为定位预测提供依据。文章总结了针对新疆北山地区铜镍硫化物矿床的综合信息勘查模型和勘查策略,并对硫化物饱和机制进行了探讨。  相似文献   

Experimental investigation on thermochemical sulfate reduction in the presence of 1-pentanethiol at 200 and 250 °C: Implications for in situ TSR processes occurring in some MVT deposits     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

Organic sulfur compounds are ubiquitous in natural oil and gas fields and moderate-low temperature sulfide ore deposits. Previous studies have shown that organic sulfur compounds are important in enhancing the rates of thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) reactions, but the details of these reaction mechanisms remain unclear. In order to assess the extent of sulfate reduction in the presence of labile sulfur species at temperature conditions near to those where TSR occurs in nature, we conducted a series of experiments using the fused silica capillary capsule (FCSS) method. The tested systems containing labile sulfur species are MgSO₄ + 1-pentanethiol (C₅H₁₁SH) + 1-octene (C₈H₁₆), MgSO₄ + 1-octene (C₈H₁₆), MgSO₄ + 1-pentanethiol (C₅H₁₁SH), 1-pentanethiol (C₅H₁₁SH)+H₂O, and MgSO₄ + 1-pentanethiol (C₅H₁₁SH) + ZnBr₂ systems. Our results show that: (1) intermediate oxidized carbon species (ethanol and acetic acid) are formed during TSR simulation experiments when 1-pentanethiol is present; (2) in the presence of ZnBr₂, 1-pentanethiol can be oxidized by sulfate to CO₂ at 200 °C, which is within the temperature range observed in natural TSR; and (3) the precipitation of sulfide minerals may significantly promote the rate of TSR, indicating that the rates of in situ TSR reactions in ore deposits could be much faster than previously thought. This may be important for understanding the possibility of in situ TSR as a mechanism for the precipitation of metal sulfides in some ore deposits. These findings provide important experimental evidence for understanding the role of organic sulfur compounds in TSR reactions and the pathway of TSR reactions initiated by organic sulfur compounds under natural conditions.  相似文献   

Compositional variations of several Early Permian magmatic sulfide deposits in the Kalatongke district,southern Altai,western China: With genetic and exploration implications     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

A Permian magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposit cluster occurs in the Kalatongke district in the Southern Chinese Altai Orogenic Belt, western China. These deposits are associated with the mafic units of the Y1, Y2, Y3, Y9 and G21 mafic-intermediate complexes. In this paper we report the first zircon U-Pb ages for the Y3 and G21 intrusions, which are 283.3 ± 1.3 Ma and 281.1 ± 1.5 Ma, respectively. Our new age data confirm that the sulfide-bearing mafic units of the Y1, Y2 (connected with Y1 at depth), Y3, Y9 and G21 intrusions all formed in Early Permian between ∼281 and ∼287 Ma. New and existing petrological-geochemical data show some important regular variations between these deposits. The host lithologies change from olivine-bearing rocks for the Y1-Y2-Y9 deposits to olivine-free rocks such as norite for the Y3 deposit and leucogabbro for the G21 deposit. The olivine Fo contents of the Y1 deposit are up to 82 mol%, which are slightly higher than those of the Y2 deposit (up to 81 mol%) and the Y9 deposit (up to 79 mol%). The average plagioclase An contents of the olivine-bearing Y1-Y2-Y9 deposits are higher than those of the olivine-free Y3-G21 deposits. Among the three deposits (Y1, Y2 and Y3) that occur closely along the same structural lineament, the Ni/Cu ratios of bulk sulfides decrease from the olivine-bearing deposits (Y1 and Y2) to the olivine-free deposit (Y3). The PGE tenors of these deposits (Y1, Y2 and Y3) and the nearby coeval deposits (Y9 and G21) are extremely low, indicating that their parental magmas are severely depleted in PGEs. The variations of PGE tenors within a single deposit as well as among the different deposits are mainly due to variable R factors. The host rocks of these deposits are all characterized by elevated initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios from 0.7045 to 0.7047, positive εNd values from 4.95 to 6.86, positive εHf values of zircon from 9 to 16, and elevated δ¹⁸O values of zircon from 6.15 to 6.7‰. The isotope data indicate that the parental magmas for these deposits experienced up to ∼15 wt% crustal contamination. The δ³⁴S values of the sulfide minerals from these deposits are from −3.1‰ to 0.4‰, with a peak at −2.2‰, indicating the involvement of crustal sulfur. The isotope data and mineral chemistry together indicate that both olivine fractional crystallization and addition of crustal sulfur played a role in triggering sulfide saturation in the parental magmas for these deposits. Based on higher Ni/Cu ratios of sulfide mineralization in the olivine-bearing intrusions (Y1, Y2, Y9) than in the coeval olivine-free intrusions (Y3, G21), we recommend that Ni exploration in the region focus on the olivine-bearing intrusions that were emplaced in the Early Permian.  相似文献   

A laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry study of the distribution of chalcophile elements among sulfide phases in sedimentary and magmatic rocks of the Duluth Complex,Minnesota, USA     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

Nickel-copper sulfide deposits occur in the basal unit of the Partridge River Intrusion, Duluth Complex (Minnesota, USA). Many lines of evidence suggest that these sulfides are formed after assimilation of the proterozoic S-rich black shales, known as the Bedded Pyrrhotite Unit. In addition to S, black shales are enriched in Te, As, Bi, Sb and Sn (TABS) and the basaltic magma of the intrusion is contaminated by the partial melt of the black shales. The TABS are chalcophile and together with the platinum-group elements, Ni and Cu partitioned into the magmatic sulfide liquid that segregated from the Duluth magma. The TABS are important for the formation of platinum-group minerals (PGM) thus their role during crystallization of the base metal sulfide minerals could affect the distribution of the PGE. However, the concentrations of TABS in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE deposits and their distribution among base metal sulfide minerals are poorly documented. In order to investigate whether the base metal sulfide minerals host TABS in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE deposits, a petrographic and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) study has been carried out on base metal sulfide and silicate phases of the Partridge River Intrusion, Duluth Complex.Petrographic observations showed that the proportions of the base metal sulfide minerals vary with rock type. The sulfide assemblage of the least metamorphosed Bedded Pyrrhotite Unit from outside the contact metamorphic aureole consists of pyrite with minor pyrrhotite plus chalcopyrite (<5%), whereas within the contact aureole the sulfide assemblage of the Bedded Pyrrhotite Unit rocks consists dominantly of pyrrhotite (>95%) with small amount of chalcopyrite (<2%). The sulfide mineral assemblage in the xenoliths of the Bedded Pyrrhotite Unit and in the mafic rocks of the basal unit contains two additional sulfides, pentlandite and cubanite.Our LA-ICP-MS study shows that sulfides of the Bedded Pyrrhotite Unit are rich in TABS; consistent with these S-rich black shales being the source of TABS that contaminated the mafic magma. Most of the TABS are associated with sulfides and platinum-group minerals in the rocks of the Bedded Pyrrhotite Unit from the contact aureole, the Bedded Pyrrhotite Unit xenoliths and the mafic rocks of the Duluth Complex. In addition to these phases the laser maps show that silicate phases, i.e., orthopyroxene and plagioclase contain Sn and Pb respectively. In contrast, in the least metamorphosed samples of the Bedded Pyrrhotite Unit from outside the contact aureole although the pyrite contains some TABS mass balance calculations indicates that most the TABS are contained in other phases. In these rocks, galena hosts significant amounts of Te, Bi, Sb, Sn and Ag and few very small grains of Sb-rich phases were also observed. The host phases for As were not established but possibly organic compounds may have contributed.  相似文献   

Responses of Soil CO2, CH4 and N2O Fluxes to N,P, and Acid Additions in Mixed Forest in Subtropical China     

GAO Wenlong  YANG Hao  LI Shenggong  KOU Liang 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2017,8(2):154-164

Understanding how nitrogen (N) availability interacts with soil acidity and phosphorus (P) availability to affect soil-atmosphere exchanges in CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O in forest ecosystems is important for understanding the mechanisms driving ecosystem responses to enhanced N deposition. Here, we conducted an experiment with N, P and acid (H) addition in a mixed forest in subtropical China to investigate how acid and P addition affects CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O exchange under N addition. Our results showed that soil NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N increased after N addition, but CO₂ emissions in N addition plots remained unaffected. CH₄ uptake in N-, P-, NP-, NH- and NPH-addition plots were reduced by 21.1%, 15.7%, 39.1%, 26.6%, and 28.4%, respectively. CH₄ uptake in NP-addition plots were lower compared to N-addition and P-addition plots, indicating that N and P addition had an additive effect on inhibiting CH₄ uptake. N₂O emission in N-, NP-, NH- and NPH-addition plots increased by 158.6%, 176.0%, 117.2%, and 91.8%, respectively. N₂O emissions in NPH-addition plots were lower compared to NP-addition plots while showed no difference between N-addition and NH-addition plots. This suggests that only under P rich conditions, acid addition would greatly mitigate N₂O emissions under N addition. Our results demonstrate that for N and P co-limited forest ecosystems with acidic soils, low P availability constrains the inhibition of soil CH₄ uptake by N deposition. When P availability is low, a weak soil acidation induced by N deposition may have less influence on the stimulation of N₂O emissions by N deposition.  相似文献   

吉林红旗岭富家矿床矿石矿物化学和硫同位素特征——对铜镍硫化物矿床成因及成矿过程的约束     

吕林素  李宏博  周振华  徐立国  杨小男  毛冰 《地球学报》2017,38(2):193-207

本文对吉林红旗岭富家矿床中的矿石矿物进行了系统的矿物化学和硫同位素研究。矿石矿物共生组合主要为磁黄铁矿(Po)-镍黄铁矿(Pn)-黄铜矿(Cp)-黄铁矿(Py),其中Po有单斜磁黄铁矿(Mpo)、六方磁黄铁矿(Hpo)和六方陨硫铁(Tr)相之分,并以Mpo(低温相)为主;Pn有Pn(1)→Pn(2)→Pn(3)的演化趋势;Py有Py(1)→Py(2)→Py(3)→Py(4),均为同一矿化期的不同世代的产物。利用Py-Po矿物对计算出矿石矿物的结晶温度介于500~300℃之间,大致结晶顺序为Pn→Po→Cp→Py。硫同位素特征表明,δ~(34)S值变化较小,介于–4.70‰~+2.40‰之间,δ~(34)S值呈塔式分布,集中分布于–2.5‰~+2.5‰之间,δ~(34)S值略高于地幔硫(0±2‰),并有δ~(34)S_(Po)δ~(34)S_(硫化物)δ~(34)S_(Py)的特征,表明硫来源于地幔,仅有微弱的地壳物质混染,且成矿熔体中硫已达到平衡。结合野外矿体特征和矿石组构特征,富家矿床的成矿物质来源于上地幔;成矿作用方式以岩浆熔离作用为主,兼具岩浆期后热液叠加成矿作用;矿床为通道式成矿,属于深部熔离-贯入式成因。  相似文献   

一株许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegelii)肠道乳酸菌的分离鉴定及特性分析     

王腾腾  韦秀梅  常城  韩慧宗  姜海滨 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(1):94-100

为筛选具有广谱抑菌活性的乳酸菌用于微生态制剂开发,本研究自野生许氏平鲉肠道内共分离出35株细菌,从中筛选出1株乳酸菌YH1,其革兰氏染色呈阳性,且可发酵脱脂乳产生凝固、无气泡、呈酸性现象,基于形态学观察、生理生化和16S rDNA序列鉴定乳酸菌YH1为食窦魏斯氏菌。分析了酸碱度、温度和NaCl含量对食窦魏斯氏菌YH1生长的影响;选取金黄色葡萄球菌、嗜水气单胞菌、溶藻弧菌、副溶血弧菌、迟钝爱德华氏菌、鳗弧菌、假交替单胞菌和哈维氏弧菌等多种病原指示菌,以琼脂扩散法测定YH1培养12h产物的抑菌活性;并采用肌肉注射和腹腔注射两种方式对YH1的动物安全性进行检测。实验结果显示,食窦魏斯氏菌YH1适宜的生长条件为pH5.7—8.8、温度20—40oC,最适生长条件为pH7.2—8.4,温度35oC,在MRS培养基中添加NaCl会抑制YH1的生长;食窦魏斯氏菌YH1的无菌培养产物可显著抑制金黄色葡萄球菌、嗜水气单胞菌、溶藻弧菌、副溶血弧菌、迟钝爱德华氏菌、鳗弧菌、假交替单胞菌、哈维氏弧菌等病原指示菌的生长;食窦魏斯氏菌YH1在10~8CFU/m L及以下浓度对许氏平鲉是相对安全的。以上研究表明了食窦魏斯氏菌YH1具有广谱抑菌性和动物安全性,为其应用于水产养殖业奠定了理论基础。  相似文献