Experimental Study on Mine Spoils During Superficial Geochemistry Processes     

王一先  白正华 《中国地球化学学报》2002,21(4)

Based on the mineral and chemical compositions of spoils taken from the Shilu Cu-Mo deposit and Hetai gold deposit, the leaching and batch experiments were made on spoils taken from these two deposits using the leaching column designed by the authors. The experimental results showed that it is not always true that the mine drainage is acidic. Its acidity depends on acid-buffering capacity of gangue, host rock and its alteration mineral assemblage. The composition of the drainage water is related with the interaction between superficial or underground water and solid materials in the spoils, including minerals, hydroxides and amorphous substances. The leaching extent of the element is related with its occurrence form in the deposit. The preferential flow results in leaching-out of heavy metals in large amounts. So it is important to prevent the generating of preferential flow in the system. The results will provide very important grounds for the comprehensive management of land and ecological rehabilitation of the mine site.  相似文献   

地震前兆时空非均匀性指标Cv值的实验检验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

王凯英  马胜利  刘力强  马瑾 《地震学报》2002,24(1):82-89

在双向加载条件下，对两种构造和介质不同的岩石标本进行变形实验，测量了标本表面不同部位的应变．在此基础上，利用王晓青和陈学忠等提出的描述地震前兆非均匀分布的参量————Cv值，分析了标本变形失稳过程中应变异常的分布，以期从实验角度检验Cv值方法并探讨其物理意义．研究表明，Cv值的变化与岩石变形特征的变化有关，是描述前兆分布非均匀性的一种有效指标；Cv值在失稳发生前先异常上升，然后下降，并在Cv值恢复过程中或恢复后伴随着失稳事件的发生．因此，Cv值是一种有效的预报指标．   相似文献   

Hybrid vibration experiments with a bridge foundation system model   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Hiroshi Kobayashi  Keiichi Tamura  Shunsuke Tanimoto 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):1135-1141

In order to improve seismic design technology of bridges, it is necessary to evaluate the vibration characteristics of a bridge–soil system that consists of soil, foundation structure, pier and superstructure. However, there have been few experimental studies on seismic behavior of bridge–soil system. In this paper, we conducted the hybrid vibration experiment on seismic behavior of bridge–soil system, and examined the applicability of hybrid vibration experiment to study seismic response of bridge–soil system. Based on the experiment results, seismic response of bridge was quantitatively studied.  相似文献   

Study on the characteristics of rock failure strain and acoustic emission field for two parallelling faults with the same slip direction including asperities     

焦明若  张国民  马胜利  马宏生 《地震学报(英文版)》2002,15(4):374-382

Introduction Concerning about research on grouped-earthquake seismogenic and occurrence, at present it is only limited on the stage of the theoretical analysis and numerical model. For instance, ZHANG (1987) simulated the grouped-earthquake generation and physical mechanism making use of spring-block principle. Applying for non-linear dynamic model, referring to Chinese continental plate as object, LI, et al (1997) performed the numerical simulation on the seismogenic and occurring of group…  相似文献   

钢筋砼摩擦耗能支撑框架结构的单元刚度和力学模型分析     

李慧峰  张玉蓉 《地震研究》2002,25(1)

为研究钢筋砼摩擦耗能支撑框架结构的动力反应性能 ,对其中的摩擦耗能器单元和框架杆单元的单元刚度和力学模型做了分析。钢筋砼摩擦耗能支撑单元由支撑杆单元和钢板—橡胶摩擦耗能器单元组成 ,支撑单元可取空间杆单元 ,摩擦耗能器单元为平面应力矩形单元。摩擦耗能器单元的剪切恢复力曲线为理想的弹塑性曲线 ,根据耗能器单元的力学模型 ,可确定其在每一时刻的刚度 ;框架结构空间杆单元的恢复力模型采用双线型模型 ,根据杆单元的力学模型 ,可确定其在每一时刻的刚度。并利用所编制的程序对十层单榀两跨空间普通框架和摩擦耗能支撑框架在地震作用下进行了弹塑性反应时程分析 ,结果表明耗能支撑框架的顶层最大位移明显小于普通框架  相似文献   

填土引发的桩基负摩阻力问题及其灌浆处理技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄小许  王琼  毛桂平 《地质灾害与环境保护》2003,14(4):43-46

阐述了填土地基的沉降计算方法，分析了填土引发桩基负摩阻力的机理及危害，探讨了采用压力灌浆技术加固填土地基、消除桩基负摩阻力、控制桩基沉降的加固机理、施工工艺和应用效果。  相似文献   

石香肠构造研究综述     

徐云峰  曾佐勋  吴武军 《华南地质与矿产》2003,(4):73-77

石香肠构造是一种传统的线状构造，由于其在区域构造应力场方面的研究意义及其所包含的流变学信息和控矿意义等一直吸引着研究者的关注。简述了近几十年来石香肠构造在形态学研究上的进展，分析了其在理论研究上的成果，概括了其在应用研究方面的现状，并对当前及今后石香肠构造的研究方向提出了建议。  相似文献   

高压下玄武岩浆的不混溶及其对双峰式火山岩的成因意义   总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2  

郑海飞　陈斌孙樯  谢鸿森 《岩石学报》2003,19(4):745-751

我们在温度850～1300℃,压力1.0～3.0GPa和含约2%水的条件下的碱性玄武岩熔融实验产物中发现在高于2.0GPa压力下玄武岩熔融后的淬火产物中存在着两种不同成分的玻璃,其中一种呈褐色,另一种为浅色或无色.玻璃的电子探针分析结果表明,褐色玻璃具有相对高的MgO、FeO和相对低的SiO2、K2O、Na2O含量及Na2O＞K2O的特征.熔体的不混溶间隙与温度无明显关系,但与压力关系密切,即在大于2.0GPa的压力条件下两种玻璃的不混溶间隙突然增大.因此,由不混溶作用形成的双峰式火山岩应来自大于2.0GPa的上地幔,且是能够提供酸性端员物质以及快速上升的构造环境.这与双峰火山岩可以产生于大陆裂谷环境或主要产于俯冲带的弧后拉张环境而不是岛弧前缘一致.  相似文献   

Temporal variations of shear-wave splitting in field and laboratory studies in China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yuan Gao  Stuart Crampin   《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2003,54(3-4):279

Observations of shear-wave splitting at seismic stations above a swarm of small earthquakes on Hainan Island, China, and other examples world-wide, suggest that the time-delays of split shear-waves monitor the build up of stress before earthquakes and the stress release as earthquakes occur. Rock physics experiments on marble specimens also show variations of shear-wave time-delays with uniaxial pressure analogous to the field observations. The rock experiments show an abrupt decrease in time-delays immediately before fracturing occurs. Similar precursory behaviour has been observed before earthquakes elsewhere, and is believed to be important for two reasons. Precursory changes in shear-wave splitting could be used for short-term forecasting, but of greater importance may be the information such behaviour provides about the source processes in earthquake preparation zones.  相似文献   

Interaction between two sliders in a system with rate- and state-dependent friction   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何昌荣 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(Z2)

This study examines slip recurrence patterns in a two-block spring-slider model with rate- and state-dependent friction. Both weak and strong heterogeneities are considered with different settings of coupling stiffness. The results show that the recurrence pattern of slips strongly depends on the degree of coupling between the two blocks. With strong coupling between the two blocks (e.g., kc/ki max >~1), the slip pattern of the system is simple and characterized by periodical stick-slips, with the two blocks slipping together. With strong heterogeneity in friction strength, period-2 motion is found for moderate coupling stiffness (kc/ki max=0.4) between the two blocks. More complicated patterns are found with weak coupling stiffness (kc/ki max=0.2) and strong heterogeneity. With strong heterogeneity, very weak coupling leads to chaotic slip patterns. With coupling stiffness kc=5 ki max and strong heterogeneity, chaotic slip patterns are not found, in contrast with the results by Huang and Turcotte who employed the classical static/kinetic friction law.  相似文献