Is 600 Myr long enough for the random palaeogeographic test of the geomagnetic axial dipole assumption?     

P. L. McFadden 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,158(2):443-445

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均方误差意义下正则化解优于最小二乘解的条件   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

徐天河  杨元喜 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2004,29(3):223-226

利用矩阵理论导出了均方误差意义下正则化解优于最小二乘解的条件，构造了相应的检验统计量，推导出的条件式及其相应的假设检验适合于各种正则化矩阵类型的Tikhonov正则化方法。  相似文献   

阿深高速公路湖北省南段控制基准检测与精度分析     

杨荣华  牛瑞芳  刘国建  夏传义  范千  张雄 《测绘信息与工程》2005,30(6):39-40

介绍了阿深高速公路湖北省南段控制网基准检测的外业实施和数据处理与分析,并用F检验方法对原测量成果和检测成果差异进行了显著性检验,得出了一些建议和结论。  相似文献   

Statistical tests of recent plate tectonic units by using geodetic data     

吕志平  吴显兵  张超 《地震学报(英文版)》1997,10(5):609-614

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Long-range earthquake forecasting based on a single predictor with clustering   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D. A. Rhoades  F. F. Evison 《Geophysical Journal International》1993,113(2):371-381

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Proximity to Job Opportunities and African American Male Unemployment: A Test of the Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis in Indianapolis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Thomas J. Cooke 《The Professional geographer》1993,45(4):407-415

Despite the lack of substantive research, the spatial mismatch hypothesis remains a pervasive explanation for the high rate of African American male unemployment. This research tests the hypothesis that census tract African American male unemployment rates are negatively related to the number of local job opportunities. This hypothesis is tested for Marion County, Indiana, the central county of the Indianapolis MSA. Weighted partial correlation coefficients of the logit of African American male census tract unemployment rates and indices of the availability of local job opportunities in manufacturing, services, and retail trade are statistically insignificant. The findings reject the spatial mismatch hypothesis in the specific context of Indianapolis in 1990.  相似文献   

一种遥感影像分类精度检验的新方法   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

郑明国  蔡强国  秦明周  岳天祥 《遥感学报》2006,10(1):39-48

遥感影像中属于某类别的特征向量服从正态分布，基于此理论，根据统计学原理，提出一种新的基于类别分布的分类精度检验方法，该方法与常规基于混淆矩阵的分类精度检验方法完全不同，不需检验数据，仅需要一定的样本数据来估计总体的分布，可直接利用监督分类的训练区进行，因此对监督分类而言工作量极小。该方法能够进行的关键是类别总体的分布能通过某一分布的假设检验，在这种情况下可方便地计算出该类别的生产者精度，同时根据类别均值向量对应的像元数目和均值向量在类别总体中出现的概率计算出类别总体的数目后，可计算出各类别的用户精度，然后根据各类别的用户精度和分类后各类别分布面积比例计算出分类总精度。最后以郑州市高密度建设用地分类的生产者精度数据的获取为例进行了实证研究。研究表明：对于总体分布与正态分布最接近的两个波段的分类结果，本方法的计算结果与常规方法的计算结果在统计意义上可以认为一致。  相似文献   

Power Spectra and Cospectra for Wind and Scalars in a Disturbed Surface Layer at the Base of an Advective Inversion   总被引：7，自引：7，他引：0  

K. G. McNaughton  J. Laubach 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2000,96(1-2):143-185

This paper reports power spectra and cospectra of windspeed and several scalars measured at two heights nearthe base of an advective inversion. The inversion hadformed over a paddy field downwind of an extensive dryregion. Winds over the paddy field were variable instrength and direction, as a result of convectivemotions in the atmospheric boundary layer passing overfrom the dry region upwind. Fetch over the rice waslarge enough that advective effects on the transportprocesses were small at the upper level and negligibleat the lower level. Results from the lower level areinterpreted in terms of a horizontally homogeneous,but disturbed, surface layer.Power spectra of longitudinal and lateral velocitywere substantially enhanced at low frequencies. Theresulting vertical motions added only a small amountto the spectrum of vertical velocity but this stronglyaffected scalar power spectra and cospectra. Thesewere all substantially enhanced over a range of lowfrequencies. We also found that differences in lowerboundary conditions cause differences among scalarspectra at low frequencies.Our analysis shows that the spectra and cospectra havethree components, characterized by different scalingregimes. We call these the ILS (inner-layer scaling),OLS (outer-layer scaling) and CS (combined scaling)components. Of these, the CS component had notpreviously been identified. We identify CS componentsof spectra by their independence of height andfrequency. Spectra with these characteristics had beenpredicted by Kader and Yaglom for a layer of theatmosphere where spectral matching between ILS and OLSwas proposed. However, we find that the velocity andscalar scales used by Kader and Yaglom do not fit ourresults and that their concept of a matching layer isincompatible with our application. An alternativebasis for this behaviour and alternative scales areproposed.We compare our decomposition of spectra into ILS, CSand OLS components with an extended form of Townsend'shypothesis, in which wind and scalar fluctuations aredivided into active and inactive components. Wefind the schemes are compatible if we identify all OLSspectral components as inactive, and all CS and ILScomponents as active.By extending the implications of our results toordinary unstable daytime conditions,we predict that classical Monin–Obukhovsimilarity theory should be modified. We find that theheight of the convective boundary layer is animportant parameter when describing transportprocesses near the ground, and that the scalar scalein the ILS part of the spectrum, which includes theinertial subrange, is proportional to observationheight times the local mean scalar gradient, and notthe Monin–Obukhov scalar scale parameter. The formerdepends on two stability parameters: the Monin–Obukhovstability parameter and the ratio of the inner-layerand outer-layer velocity scales. The outer-layer scalecan reflect disturbances by topographically-inducededdying as well as by convective motions.  相似文献   

Inversion of fault data with low diversity for stress: Principles and applications     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2015

Although a minimum of four independent, single-phase fault data are required to solve for a unique reduced stress tensor, we prove in this paper that a smaller number of fault data are sufficient in some instances to solve for part of the reduced stress tensor. One of the principal stress directions is determinable from either two faults with a common null shear direction on the fault planes or three faults with a common intersection in a principal stress plane of the fault planes. This direction is combined with the fault data to determine the possible ranges of other principal stress directions. Determining whether the direction is for the maximum, intermediate or minimum principal stress depends upon constraints provided by slip tendency or more fault data. This approach can also be applied to a set of four or more fault data with low orientation diversity. This new method is finally applied to two different sets of fault data from along the active Chelungpu fault, western Taiwan. The stress orientations determined from the method lie in acceptable ranges for the maximum/minimum principal stresses using other existing and comparable methods, such as the right dihedra/trihedra methods. They differ moderately in the maximum/minimum principal stress directions when compared to the moment tensor method for fault kinematic analysis. The new method has advantages over the right dihedra/trihedra methods in the accuracy of stress estimate and the independence of stress estimate upon the small number of faults that are not parallel to the dominant fault set(s).  相似文献   

基于Budyko假设预测长江流域未来径流量变化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

郭生练  郭家力  侯雨坤  熊立华  洪兴骏 《水科学进展》2015,26(2):151-160

基于Budyko水热耦合平衡假设,推导了年径流变化的计算公式,分析了长江流域多年平均潜在蒸发量、降水量、干旱指数和敏感性参数的空间变化规律。选用BCC-CSM1-1全球气候模式和RCP4.5排放情景,把未来气候要素预估值与LS-SVM统计降尺度方法相耦合,预测长江流域未来的气温、降水和径流变化情况。采用乌江和汉江流域的长期径流观测资料,分析验证了基于Budyko公式计算年径流变化的可靠性。结果表明:降水量变化是影响径流量变化的主导因素;长江各子流域未来径流相对变化增减不一,最大变幅10%左右;在未来2020s(2010—2039年)、2050s(2040—2069年)和2080s(2070—2099年)3个时期内,长江南北两岸流域的径流将出现"南减北增"现象,北岸径流变化增幅逐渐升高,南岸径流变化减幅逐渐降低。  相似文献