Public participation in monitoring programmes as a tool for lakeshore monitoring: the example of Lake Pyhäjärvi, Karelia, Eastern Finland     

Ritta Niinioja  Anna-Liisa Holopainen  Liisa Lepist  Anita Rm  Jouko Turkka 《Limnologica》2004,34(1-2):154

Lake Pyhäjärvi, on the border between Finland and Russia in Karelia, is a very valuable clear-water lake of the Lobelia type. It belongs to the European Union's Natura 2000 programme in Finland, and has been included in regional and national monitoring programmes since the 1960s. The main monitoring station is situated near the outlet of the lake. Deterioration of its water quality was suspected already in the 1980s because of decreasing Secchi depths (transparency) and increasing chlorophyll a.The occurrence of algal blooms on the lakeshores is monitored weekly during each summer at one site on Lake Pyhäjärvi (site 1). This is a part of nationwide intensive algae monitoring programme organised by the environmental authorities together with voluntary observers at some 270 lake sites in Finland since 1998. Since 1997, Secchi depth observations have been carried out by volunteers biweekly or monthly at 17 sites on the lake. In the vicinity of one of these transparency observation sites (station 100), intensive monitoring of algae has been carried out. At this lakeshore monitoring site 69 algal observations were made, ten of which recorded algal blooms during the study period 1998–2002. The observed algal blooms were caused by algae of the Anabaena species, mainly by Anabaena lemmermannii. At Lake Pyhäjärvi the number of algal bloom observations received from the public have decreased from the 1990s to the 2000s. The range of Secchi disc transparency was 5.0–8.4 m with a mean value of 6.2 m at station 100 and 4.3–7.7 m (mean 6.1 m) at the main monitoring station 2 during the open water periods in 1998–2002. During this study period, the maximum values at site 100 seem to have increased slightly, which might indicate some improvement in the water quality due to decreased point source loading.We conclude that the intensive algal monitoring results of 5 years at the lakeshore site and the transparency results — both compiled by trained volunteers — reflect an improvement in the state of Lake Pyhäjärvi in Karelia. This conclusion is in accordance with the long-term water quality and short-core studies of sedimentary diatoms in Lake Pyhäjärvi. We suggest that the intensive algal observations and transparency measurements are both suitable methods for the monitoring of lakeshores and lakes, and that both are suitable for voluntary monitoring. We found public participation a good tool for monitoring lakes and lakeshores.  相似文献   

中国新疆博斯腾湖全新世沉积环境年代学特征   总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18  

张成君  曹洁  类延斌  尚华明 《沉积学报》2004,22(3):494-499

通过对博斯腾湖沉积物湖芯样品进行137Cs,14C-AMS测年分析,湖芯剖面上有明显的1986年的切尔诺贝利核事故蓄积峰,以及1975年和1963年次蓄积峰,这些137Cs蓄积峰对博斯腾湖现代沉积有明显的时标意义。通过质量深度与年代分析,博斯腾湖的沉积速率相对稳定,平均沉积速率为0.13±0.01g/cm2.a。与14C年代获得的中全新世以来的平均沉积速率0.13±0.03cm/a和0.12±0.05cm/a相似,表明博斯腾湖中全新世以来的沉积环境较稳定,并且也说明14C-AMS测年分析所得的结果较为可靠,可以利用博斯腾湖沉积物样品测定的14C年代进行线性回归作年代校正,由于湖泊沉积物中老碳效应的影响,博斯腾湖沉积物有机质14C测年偏老约650a左右。  相似文献   

东昆仑西段布喀达坂峰地区早更新世河湖相地层的发现及初步研究     

李原  王瑾  薛宁  索有贤 《西北地质》2004,37(1):58-62

东昆仑西段布喀达坂峰地区的山间盆地中发现一套早更新世河湖相地层，岩石组合为：泥晶灰岩、砂砾石层、泥岩夹生物碎屑层，未见底，顶部被晚更新世地层覆盖。从获得的电子自旋共振测年资料及古生物显示，其时代相当于早更新世，与柴达木盆地七个泉组以及东昆仑垭口盆地羌塘组时代相当。它的发现对分析本地区以及相邻地区在早更新世时的气候演变及高原隆升具有一定的指示意义。  相似文献   

黄河流域水循环演变若干问题的研究   总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29       下载免费PDF全文

刘昌明 《水科学进展》2004,15(5):608-614

从若干方面的研究结果揭示了黄河流域水循环发生的巨大变化.水循环是水资源科学评价与合理开发利用的基本依据.水循环主要要素的变化取决于气候条件的变化与人类活动的影响.对前者宜采用适应性对策,在研究气候变化的基础上,分析水循环变动的规律并预测其趋势,制定相应的适应性措施;对于后者则应加强水资源开发利用的科学管理,以维持流域天然水资源的可更新(可再生)性.  相似文献   

鄱阳湖区平垸行洪、退田还湖后的防洪减灾形势分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

吴敦银李荣昉  王永文 《水文》2004,24(6):26-31

根据鄱阳湖区“退田还湖”的实际资料，采用洪水模拟的方法分析计算出“退田还湖”降低湖口站洪水位和减少1954年洪水超额分洪量，分析了“退田还湖”后鄱阳湖区的防洪减灾形势，提出应继续加强对鄱阳湖区防洪工程的建设，探讨了“退田还湖”后江湖洪水关系的变化趋势。  相似文献   

西藏纳木错和藏北高原古大湖晚更新世以来的湖泊演化与气候变迁   总被引：10，自引：5，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

朱大岗孟宪刚  赵希涛邵兆刚杨朝斌  马志邦吴中海 王建平 《中国地质》2004,31(3):269-277

根据野外水准测量与室内实验分析，本文探讨了西藏纳木错和藏北高原古大湖晚更新世以来的湖泊演化和气候变迁。在纳木错沿岸拔湖48m以下，发育了6级湖岸阶地，拔湖48-139．2m发育有高位湖相沉积。研究表明，纳木错湖泊发育与藏北高原东南部古大湖演化可划分为3个阶段：①116-37ka B．P．间的古大湖期；②37-30ka B．P．间的外流湖期；③30kaB．P．以来的纳木错期。在古大湖阶段，包括纳木错、色林错和扎日南木错、当惹雍错等藏北高原东南部的一大批现代大、中、小型湖泊，都是互相连通的一个古大湖，其范围可能超过了现代的藏北内、外流(怒江)水系的分水岭。它或许还与藏北高原南部和西部的其他古湖相连，成为统一的藏北高原“古大湖”。通过对纳木错湖相沉积形成时代与深海氧同位素对比，易溶盐、pH值、地球化学、介形类和孢粉分析等的综合研究发现，湖相沉积记录了自晚更新世以来的湖泊演化和气候变迁信息。资料显示古大湖期湖面最高，气候温和清爽；外流湖期湖面急剧下降，气温和湿度较现今略高；纳木错期以来气候经历了全新世最宜期的暖湿后日益干旱化，气温波动，湖面持续下降。表明自晚更新世以来该区气候在逐渐变干的总趋势的基础上，经历了多次明显的冷暖与干湿波动。  相似文献   

辽西北票—义县地区义县旋回火山岩的岩石化学特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

彭艳东  张立东  张长捷郭胜哲邢德和  贾斌  陈树旺  丁秋红 《中国地质》2004,31(4):356-364

辽西地区是中国中生代火山岩主要分布区之一。义县组分为4个岩性段。义县火山旋回可分为4个亚旋回。第一亚旋回分为4个小旋回。从早期至晚期，义县旋回火山岩逐渐由基性向中基性、中性和酸性演化，火山岩岩石组合为基性岩-中性岩-酸性岩组合，从北票-义县，火山活动显示了由老到新的迁移性。主要氧化物关系表明岩石的SiO2与K2O呈正相关，SiO2与MgO、CaO、FeO Fe2O3呈负相关。TAS图解反映了火山岩较高碱度的总体特征，硅-碱关系图和AFM图解反映了火山岩属于亚碱性系列中的钙碱性系列岩石，在SiO2-K2O关系图上，绝大部分样品落于高钾钙碱性系列区内，少量落于钾玄岩系列区，因此义县旋回火山岩以高钾钙碱性系列岩石为主，部分为钾玄岩系列，表明岩石富钾。义县旋回火山岩具有大陆板内火山岩的基本特征。  相似文献   

RIVER SYSTEM AND DISTURBANCE FACTORS IN THE LAKE TOBA     

ZulkifliNasution MashhorMansor 《湿地科学》2004,2(2):104-109

Situated at an elevation of 905 m above sea level in the Province of North Sumatra, Lake Toba and its surrounding landscapes are regarded as a natural heritage in a certain extent, as a quoted national treasure. Unfortunately degradation of the land and water resources in the watershed along Lake Toba is taking place at an alarming and totally unacceptable rate. The quality of the lake is partly depended on input the quality of the rivers. When compared to the control area the water quality that influenced by the piggeries are highly polluted. It can be concluded that the Salbe River at the downstream of the piggeries has been polluted and apparently it is a serious problem to the catchment area management. It should be noted that the polluted river would influence the water quality of the Lake Toba. Based on calculation, the permissible BOD5 according to B- river standard is 238 mg/L, it means the river still in B standard but the condition and quality are decreasing continuously. Following the Indonesian health standard the permissible BOD is - 461 mg/L. It means BOD in the river should be reduced 461 mg/L or clean program is needed.  相似文献   

松花湖富营养化现状及其影响因素分析   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

王霞  吕宪国  张学林  张竹青 《湿地科学》2004,2(4):273-278

通过2002年和2003年对东北地区松花湖水体富营养化状况进行调查和采样分析，对大量数据的多元相关分析和多元逐步回归分析、AGP试验和利用综合营养状态指数法进行评价。结果表明：松花湖处在中营养和轻度富营养状态；总磷是限制水体富营养化的主要因子之一。水体中变温层的形成，限制了上、下层湖水的混合，对下层水体中的溶解氧、无机氮和可溶性磷酸盐产生影响，随着变温层的消失，下层内的营养物质转移到湖上层，为藻类的繁殖提供条件。  相似文献   

Coastal processes and cliff recession between Gabicce and Pesaro (northern Adriatic Sea): a case history     

P. Colantoni  D. Mencucci  O. Nesci   《Geomorphology》2004,62(3-4):257-268

Cliff recession on the high rocky coast between Gabicce and Pesaro Adriatic sea causes a wide range of mass movement processes on the whole slope, affecting both the bedrock and the overburden. The outcropping late Miocene rock formations are represented by marls, marly limestones, dark laminated mudstones and bedded sandstones and marls. Mass movements are common because of stratification and discontinuities in the rocks that, together with the presence of groundwater and weathering processes, reduce the overall strength of the slopes. A model for the evolution of this coastal area is proposed, which involves cyclic basal erosion, followed by mass movement that favours debris accumulation at the base of the cliff. The longshore currents have to then remove the material before a new cycle can begin.  相似文献