江西相山铀矿田含铀碎斑熔岩中电气石化学成分及硼同位素组成特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

戴加祺  黎广荣  郭福生  王超  王哲  张万良  于玉帅 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(5):1378-1393

相山铀矿田是我国最大的火山岩型铀矿田,其赋矿围岩主要为流纹英安岩、碎斑熔岩和部分前寒武纪变质岩和中生代花岗斑岩。碎斑熔岩的边缘亚相中发育直径10~20 cm的球形电气石囊包,其主要的矿物组合为电气石、石英以及少量长石、萤石,伴生少量晶质铀矿,另可见电气石交代早期的长石。利用显微镜、电子探针、激光剥蚀多接收等离子质谱仪等分析仪器,对相山如意亭地区碎斑熔岩中电气石囊包进行了详细的矿物学研究工作。电子探针成分分析显示,碎斑熔岩中电气石为典型的黑电气石,以富含Na、Fe等元素为特征,电气石中挥发性组分较高;其中,B₂O₃质量分数为9.38%~10.04%,F质量分数为0.10%~1.77%。成矿流体中高质量分数的B、F等挥发性组分及岩浆早期阶段的较高氧逸度环境使得U元素更易形成络合物,更利于U的迁移与富集。利用LA-MC-ICP-MS硼同位素微区原位分析法对碎斑熔岩中电气石的硼同位素进行分析测试,结果显示,电气石中的δ¹¹ B质量分数为（-13.15±0.72）‰~（-12.28±0.63）‰,均值为（-12.72±0.94）‰,指示相山火山-侵入杂岩体主要来源于相山底部地壳基底岩石的部分熔融。  相似文献   

Magnetic properties of some carbonatites from Tanzania, East Africa     

P. N. Shive  A. A. Nyblade  J. H. Wittke 《Geophysical Journal International》1990,103(1):103-109

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Petrology of lavas from the Puu Oo eruption of Kilauea Volcano: III. The Kupaianaha episode (1986–1992)     

Michael O. Garcia  J. M. Rhodes  Frank A. Trusdell  Aaron J. Pietruszka 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1996,58(5):359-379

 The Puu Oo eruption has been remarkable in the historical record of Kilauea Volcano for its duration (over 13 years), volume (>1 km³) and compositional variation (5.7–10 wt.% MgO). During the summer of 1986, the main vent for lava production moved 3 km down the east rift zone and the eruption style changed from episodic geyser-like fountaining at Puu Oo to virtually continuous, relatively quiescent effusion at the Kupaianaha vent. This paper examines this next chapter in the Puu Oo eruption, episodes 48 and 49, and presents new ICP-MS trace element and Pb-, Sr-, and Nd-isotope data for the entire eruption (1983–1994). Nearly aphyric to weakly olivine-phyric lavas were erupted during episodes 48 and 49. The variation in MgO content of Kupaianaha lavas erupted before 1990 correlates with changes in tilt at the summit of Kilauea, both of which probably were controlled by variations in Kilauea's magma supply rate. These lavas contain euhedral olivines which generally are in equilibrium with whole-rock compositions, although some of the more mafic lavas which erupted during 1990, a period of frequent pauses in the eruption, accumulated 2–4 vol.% olivine. The highest forsterite content of olivines (∼85%) in Kupaianaha lavas indicates that the parental magmas for these lavas had MgO contents of ∼10 wt.%, which equals the highest observed value for lavas during this eruption. The composition of the Puu Oo lavas has progressively changed during the eruption. Since early 1985 (episode 30), when mixing between an evolved rift zone magma and a more mafic summit reservoir-derived magma ended, the normalized (to 10 wt.% MgO) abundances of highly incompatible elements and CaO have systematically decreased with time, whereas ratios of these trace elements and Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopes, and the abundances of Y and Yb, have remained relatively unchanged. These results indicate that the Hawaiian plume source for Puu Oo magmas must be relatively homogeneous on a scale of 10–20 km³ (assuming 5–10% partial melting), and that localized melting within the plume has apparently progressively depleted its incompatible elements and clinopyroxene component as the eruption continued. The rate of variation of highly incompatible elements in Puu Oo lavas is much greater than that observed for Kilauea historical summit lavas (e.g., Ba/Y 0.09 a^–1 vs ∼0.03 a^–1). This rapid change indicates that Puu Oo magmas did not mix thoroughly with magma in the summit reservoir. Thus, except for variable amounts of olivine fractionation, the geochemical variation in these lavas is predominantly controlled by mantle processes. Received: 8 March 1996 / Accepted: 30 April 1996  相似文献   

北秦岭西峡二郎坪群枕状熔岩中一个岩枕的年代学和地球化学研究   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

孙卫东  孙勇 《地质论评》1996,42(2):144-153

河南省西峡县二郎坪群绿片岩相枕状熔岩岩枕保存完整，受构造改造轻微。在海水蚀变和后期变质作用过程中ＲＥＥ，Ｚｒ，Ｔｈ，Ｎｂ，Ｓｒ，Ｔｉ，Ｐ等元素的变化较小，基本上仍能反映原岩的特点，而Ｂａ，Ｕ，Ｒｂ等元素受到了明显的改造，含量变化较大。上述相对稳定的元素的地球化学特征表明，二郎坪群枕状熔岩具有典型的岛弧蛇绿岩的特点。Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ全岩等时线年龄为４０１．９±６．３Ｍａ，代表了其绿片岩相变质的时代，表明二  相似文献   

Magma dynamics, crystallization, and chemical differentiation of the 1959 Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii, revisited     

A. Mark Jellinek  Ross C. Kerr   《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2001,110(3-4)

Using constraints from an extensive database of geological and geochemical observations along with results from fluid mechanical studies of convection in magma chambers, we identify the main physical processes at work during the solidification of the 1959 Kilauea Iki lava lakes. In turn, we investigate their quantitative influence on the crystallization and chemical differentiation of the magma, and on the development of the internal structure of the lava lake. In contrast to previous studies, vigorous stirring in the magma, driven predominately by the descent of dense crystal-laden thermal plumes from the roof solidification front and the ascent of buoyant compositional plumes due to the in situ growth of olivine crystals at the floor, is predicted to have been an inevitable consequence of very strong cooling at the roof and floor. The flow is expected to have caused extensive but imperfect mixing over most of the cooling history of the magma, producing minor compositional stratification at the roof and thermal stratification at the floor. The efficient stirring of the large roof cooling is expected to have resulted in significant internal nucleation of olivine crystals, which ultimately settled to the floor. Additional forcing due to either crystal sedimentation or the ascent of gas bubbles is not expected to have increased significantly the amount of mixing. In addition to convection in the magma, circulation driven by the convection of buoyant interstitial melt in highly permeable crystal-melt mushes forming the roof and the floor of the lava lake is envisaged to have produced a net upward flow of evolved magma from the floor during solidification. In the floor zone, mush convection may have caused the formation of axisymmetric chimneys through which evolved magma drained from deep within the floor into the overlying magma and potentially the roof. We hypothesize that the highly evolved, pipe-like ‘vertical olivine-rich bodies’ (VORBs) [Bull. Volcanol. 43 (1980) 675] observed in the floor zone, of the lake are fossil chimneys. In the roof zone, buoyant residual liquid both produced at the roof solidification front and gained from the floor as a result of incomplete convective mixing is envisaged to have percolated or ‘leaked‘ into the overlying highly-permeable cumulate, displacing less buoyant interstitial melt downward. The results from Rayleigh fractionation-type models formulated using boundary conditions based on a quantitative understanding of the convection in the magma indicate that most of the incompatible element variation over the height of the lake can be explained as a consequence of a combination of crystal settling and the extensive but imperfect convective mixing of buoyant residual liquid released from the floor solidification front. The remaining chemical variation is understood in terms of the additional influences of mush convection in the roof and floor on the vertical distribution of incompatible elements. Although cooling was concentrated at the roof of the lake, the floor zone is found to be thicker than the roof zone, implying that it grew more quickly. The large growth rate of the floor is explained as a consequence of a combination of the substantial sedimentation of olivine crystals and more rapid in situ crystallization due to both a higher liquidus temperature and enhanced cooling resulting from imperfect thermal and chemical mixing.  相似文献   

The influence of palaeoenvironment and lava flux on the emplacement of submarine, near-shore Late Permian basalt lavas, Sydney Basin (Australia)     

Paul F. Carr  Brian G. Jones 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2001,112(1-4)

Lava flux and a low palaeoslope were the critical factors in determining the development of different facies in the Late Permian Blow Hole flow, which comprises a series of shoshonitic basalt lavas and associated volcaniclastic detritus in the southern Sydney Basin of eastern Australia. The unit consists of a lower lobe and sheet facies, a middle tube and breccia facies, and an upper columnar-jointed facies. Close similarities in petrography and geochemistry between the basalt lavas from the three facies suggest similar viscosities at similar temperatures. Sedimentological and palaeontological evidence from the sedimentary units immediately below the Blow Hole flow suggests that the lower part of the volcanic unit was emplaced in a cold water, shallow submarine environment, but at least the top of the uppermost lava was subaerial with some palaeosol development. The lower lobe and sheet facies was emplaced on a low slope (<2°) in a lower to middle shoreface environment with water depths of 20–25 m. Lava may have transgressed from subaerial to subaqueous and was emplaced relatively passively with lava flux sufficiently high and uniform to form lobes and sheets rather than pillows. The middle unit probably originated from a subaerial vent and flowed into a shallow (10–15 m) submarine environment, and wave action probably interacted with the advancing lava front to form a lava delta. Lava flux was sufficiently high to produce well-developed, subcircular lava tubes, which lack evidence for thermal erosion. In some areas, lava ‘burrowed’ into the unconsolidated, water-saturated lava delta and sand pile to produce intrusive contacts. The upper columnar-jointed unit represents a ponded facies probably emplaced initially in water depths <5 m but whose top was subaerial.  相似文献   

江西,福建火山碎屑（斑）熔岩的岩石化学特征及成因探讨     

徐海江 《华东地质学院学报》1991,14(2):117-126

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An investigation of the depth of excavation and thickness of basalt fill for the lunar mascon basins     

Andrew Martin Mullis 《Geophysical Journal International》1992,109(1):233-239

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天姆尖破火山口碎斑熔岩的发现及其意义     

林子瑜  陈名佐等 《地质与勘探》2002,38(2):55-58

赣杭带东段天姆尖地区首次识别出大面积分布的碎斑熔岩体系,它具有典型的喷溢相－侵出相一次火山岩相“三相一体”特征,在岩石化学成份上表现为富硅,碱,铁而贫镁,锰,钙,岩石结晶分异指数为77－93,稀土元素铕亏损明显,放射性成因铀铅含量高,岩石蚀变表现为面式分布,具前锋带特点,这一发现对赣杭带寻找新的富大铀矿远景区有着重要的指标意义。  相似文献   

福安地区碎斑熔岩的基本特征及成因     

林国辉 《福建地质》2003,22(4):171-180

福安地区碎斑熔岩的形成受北东向火山基底断裂控制，具有明显的分带现象，由中心到边缘可划分出酸性粒状碎斑熔岩、中酸性粒状碎斑熔岩、中酸性霏细状碎斑熔岩、酸性霏细状碎斑熔岩、酸性隐晶状碎斑熔岩等岩石类型，是晚侏罗世火山活动衰亡时期岩浆以侵出一溢流形式活动的产物。碎斑熔岩与同期潜火山岩、流纹质晶屑熔结凝灰岩(熔离型)是同源岩浆分异及演化的结果，在空间上构成三相一体的共生组合地质体。  相似文献