Analytical solution for longitudinal seismic response of long tunnels subjected to Rayleigh waves     

Yusheng Yang  Haitao Yu  Yong Yuan  Mi Zhao 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(10):1371-1385

The longitudinal seismic response of a long tunnel subjected to Rayleigh waves is investigated in this paper. The tunnel is assumed to be infinitely long, has a uniform cross section, and rests on a viscoelastic foundation. The free-field deformation under Rayleigh waves traveling parallel to the tunnel axis is decomposed into two directions, namely, the axial motion and the vertical motion, and transformed into dynamic loads imposed on the tunnel. Based on the Fourier and Laplace integral transform techniques, the governing equations of tunnels are simplified into algebraic equations, and the analytical solutions are obtained with the convolution theorem. The final solutions of the tunnel responses in terms of deflection, velocity, acceleration, axial force, bending moment, and shear force are investigated. The proposed solution is verified by comparison of its results and those from the finite element program ABAQUS. Further parametric analysis is carried out to investigate the influence of soil-structure relative stiffness ratio and wave frequency on dynamic longitudinal responses of the tunnel.  相似文献   

Long‐term variations and temporal scaling of hydroclimatic time series with focus on the German part of the Elbe River Basin          下载免费PDF全文

D. Markovic  M. Koch 《水文研究》2014,28(4):2202-2211

Long‐term variations and temporal scaling of mean monthly time series of river flow, precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, duration of bright sunshine, degree of cloud cover, short wave radiation, wind speed and potential evaporation within or in vicinity of the German part of the Elbe River Basin are analyzed. Statistically significant correlations between the 2–15 year scale‐averaged wavelet spectra of the hydroclimatic variables and the North Atlantic Oscillation‐ and Arctic Oscillation index are found which suggests that such long‐term patterns in hydroclimatic time series are externally forced. The Hurst parameter estimates (H) based on the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) indicate persistence for discharge, precipitation, wind speed, air pressure and the degree of cloud cover, all having an annual cycle and a broad low‐frequency distribution. Also, DFA H parameter estimates are higher for discharge than for precipitation. The major long‐term quasi‐periodic variability modes of precipitation detected using Singular Spectrum Analysis coincide with those detected in the discharge time series. Upon subtraction of these low‐frequency quasi‐periodic modes, the DFA H parameter estimates suggest absence of the persistence for both precipitation and discharge. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

一种变形监测中中长基线的单历元模糊度解算算法     

温亚鑫  戴吾蛟 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(9):942-946

针对已有单历元模糊度解算算法只适用于短基线的情形，根据误差传播率确定模糊度精度，依据误差确定模糊度搜索空间，提出一种利用GPS双频观测信息实现中长基线下单历元模糊度固定的算法。首先，利用电离层约束法得到双差模糊度之间的线性约束条件；其次，利用变形监测中监测站点坐标近似已知的条件进行约束，反算获得近似模糊度；最后，根据监测站点已有的观测数据精度给出搜索空间，搜索固定模糊度。结果表明，该方法可以实现中长基线下单历元的模糊度固定，对实时变形监测有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

长距离GPS/BDS参考站网多频载波相位整周模糊度解算方法     

祝会忠  李军  蔚泽然  张凯  徐爱功 《测绘学报》2020,49(3):300-311

长距离网络RTK是实现GPS/BDS高精度实时定位的主要手段之一,其核心是长距离参考站网GPS/BDS整周模糊度的快速准确确定。本文提出了一种长距离GPS/BDS参考站网载波相位整周模糊度解算方法,首先利用GPS双频观测数据计算和确定宽巷整周模糊度,同时利用BDS的B2、B3频率观测值确定超宽巷整周模糊度。然后建立GPS载波相位整周模糊度和大气延迟误差的参数估计模型,附加双差宽巷整周模糊度的约束,解算双差载波相位整周模糊度,并建立参考站网大气延迟误差的空间相关模型。根据B2、B3频率的超宽巷整周模糊度建立包含大气误差参数的载波相位整周模糊度解算模型,利用大气延迟误差空间相关模型约束BDS双差载波相位整周模糊度的解算。克服了传统的使用无电离层组合值解算整周模糊度的不利影响。采用实测长距离CORS网GPS、BDS多频观测数据进行算法验证,试验结果证明该方法可实现长距离参考站网GPS/BDS载波相位整周模糊度的准确固定。  相似文献   

狭长区域GNSS控制网数据处理方法研究     

罗力 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(6):15-17

针对狭长区域GNSS控制网边长差异较大的问题,本文通过划分子网来降低数据处理的难度,从基线处理和网平差两个方面,分析了系统误差来源,研究了基准处理中卫星轨道误差、对流层误差以及网平差中位置、尺度、方位和时间演变基准误差的改正方法,形成了一套高精度数据处理方案。基于该方法,对三峡库区GPS滑坡监测网的实测数据进行了分析与处理,获得了高精度的处理结果,本研究对狭长区域GNSS控制网的建立具有借鉴意义和指导作用。  相似文献   

Climatology of Ozone, PAN, CO, and NMHC in the Free Troposphere Over the Southern North Atlantic   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rainer Schmitt  Andreas Volz-Thomas 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1997,28(1-3):245-262

Free tropospheric measurements of ozone, peroxyacetylnitrate andprecursors (CO, NMHC) that were made within the framework of the EUROTRACsub-project TOR (Tropospheric Ozone Research) between 1990 and 1995 at theGAW station Izana, Tenerife (28°18N, 16°30W) arediscussed. The average annual cycles reveal the importance of transport fromnorthern mid-latitudes and the role of photo-chemistry. According toair-mass trajectories, which were supplied to us from AEROCE(Atmosphere/Ocean Chemistry Experiment), transport from northernmid-latitudes is associated with high precursor concentrations in winter,whereas ozone concentrations in winter are not much influenced by transportpatterns, suggesting a rather uniform distribution over the northern part ofthe Northern Hemisphere around mean value of 43 ± 5 ppb. In summer,high ozone concentrations of up to 90 ppb are often encountered duringtransport from north, while the levels of precursors are much lower than inwinter, because of photochemical destruction. Trajectories from southerlylatitudes and the Sahara usually have the lowest ozone concentrationsassociated with them.  相似文献   

基于百度地图的精细化格点预报显示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张宏芳  李建科  陈小婷  卢珊  潘留杰 《气象科技》2017,45(2):261-268

精细化格点要素预报是目前中国气象局的主推业务和未来天气预报的发展方向,如何有效地将预报产品提供给用户使用,是精细化格点预报的最终环节。本文介绍了基于百度地图API的陕西精细化格点预报显示系统,系统主要实现了:(1)降水预报,以CMORPH(NOAA Climate Prediction Center Morphing Method)卫星与全国3万个自动观测站的逐时降水量融合资料为基础,通过动态偏差订正的方法来提高格点降水的预报能力;温度预报,采用滑动线性回归的方法来改善温度预报效果。(2)任意位置的地理信息获取及对应格点240h预报时效的气象要素实时展示。(3)格点气象要素向站点转换,通过格点值提取全省98个观测站逐3h站点预报值,实时分析过去24h降水、温度预报与观测值的误差,供用户预判未来预报值的可能误差趋势;并提供未来168h逐日要素预报。(4)与以往的数据库后台支撑不同,本系统直接将3.5GB格点预报数据一次性读入内存,进行侦听,解决了数据库检索、调用效率低下的问题。  相似文献   

基于城市记忆的传统文化旅游地空间溯源——以南京夫子庙秦淮风光带为例     

周玮 《地域研究与开发》2016,(3):74-80

基于城市记忆视角,选取南京夫子庙秦淮风光带作为传统文化旅游地的典型个案,以古代六朝至近代中华民国时段为界,分类梳理古地图、古诗词、古画卷、老照片等图文史料,结合符号学和质性研究方法,从地理和文化空间2个层面,溯源其历史发展过程,探究其空间演化特征。研究结果凸显了夫子庙秦淮风光带在南京城市发展变迁中担负的城市记忆表征、民族文化传承、市井生活繁衍及地方特色沿袭等重要功能,为传统文化旅游地及城市文化空间的科学规划和健康发展提供参考借鉴。  相似文献   

天津盘山景区客源空间结构短期动态变化分析     

段莉琼  宫辉力  刘泽华  李云鹏  李勇永 《地域研究与开发》2016,(4):115-119

选择2014年"十一"黄金周及其前后为案例时段,运用移动通信运营商获取的旅游流大数据,使用客源地地理集中指数、客源吸引半径、距离衰减曲线和引力模型,对天津盘山景区国内客源市场空间结构短期动态变化进行研究。结果发现:随着工作日、周末、黄金周三类时段闲暇时间的增加,盘山景区远程客流比例明显增加,客源吸引半径增大,客源地集中指数降低,距离累计曲线变缓,但盘山景区黄金周前后时段的客源市场空间结构并没有显著的变化;距离因素在各时段对客流量的影响都是最大,而人口因素对天津以外的客源市场客流量的影响最大。  相似文献   

基于自适应时序剖分与KNN的短时交通流量预测     

祁朵  毛政元 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(2):339-351

在智能交通系统中,准确和高效的短时交通流量预测是交通诱导、管理和控制的前提。由于交通流量动态变化中表现出的时变性和非平稳性特征,其预测难度较大,是交通领域中亟待解决的难题。为提高短时交通流量的预测精度,本文设计与实现了基于自适应时序剖分与KNN（A-TS-KNN）的短时交通流量预测算法。① 基于动态时间规整（Dynamic Time Warping,DTW）动态剖分单日时序为不同的交通模式;② 在不同交通模式,采用互信息法求解每个预测时刻时间延迟的最大阈值,构造不同时间延迟的状态向量,生成交通流量历史数据库;③ 采用十次十折交叉验证的方法求解每个时刻不同时间延迟与不同K值的正交误差结果分布,提取误差最小的正交结果,得到自适应时间延迟与K值的参数组合;④ 采用K个最相似的近邻的距离倒数加权值作为预测结果。对比K近邻（K-nearest neighbors, KNN）、支持向量回归（Support vector regression,SVR）、长短期记忆神经网络（Long-short term memory neural network,LSTM）以及门控递归单元神经网络（Gate recurrent unit neural network,GRU）共4种主流预测模型,A-TS-KNN算法预测精度显著提升;将A-TS-KNN算法用于福州市城市路网中其他交叉路口的短时交通流量预测,结果表现出良好的泛化能力。  相似文献