利用密集台阵研究滇西北地区地震活动性     

陈佳  张天继  李雷  金明培 《大地测量与地球动力学》2021,41(12):1258-1263

采用双差定位方法对2018-04~2020-09滇西北密集台阵记录到的15 816个地震进行重定位,得到14 110个重定位事件,获得滇西北地区精确的地震空间分布。结果表明：1）研究区地震活动分布不均匀,多数地震沿着深大断裂呈条带状分布,充分展示了断裂在地表的展布形态;2）研究区内地震的震源优势深度范围为7~11 km,说明本区地震多发生在中上地壳内;3）地震在各个剖面深度的分布特征显示出断裂在深部的构造特征。  相似文献   

Objective array design for three-dimensional temperature and salinity observation: Application to the South China Sea     

Mengxue Qu  Zexun Wei  Yanfeng Wang  Yonggang Wang  Tengfei Xu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(7):65-77

In this study, a moored array optimization tool (MAOT) was developed and applied to the South China Sea (SCS) with a focus on three-dimensional temperature and salinity observations. Application of the MAOT involves two steps: (1) deriving a set of optimal arrays that are independent of each other for different variables at different depths based on an empirical orthogonal function method, and (2) consolidating these arrays using a K-center clustering algorithm. Compared with the assumed initial array consisting of 17 mooring sites located on a 3°×3° horizontal grid, the consolidated array improved the observing ability for three-dimensional temperature and salinity in the SCS with optimization efficiencies of 19.03% and 21.38%, respectively. Experiments with an increased number of moored sites showed that the most cost-effective option is a total of 20 moorings, improving the observing ability with optimization efficiencies up to 26.54% for temperature and 27.25% for salinity. The design of an objective array relies on the ocean phenomenon of interest and its spatial and temporal scales. In this study, we focus on basin-scale variations in temperature and salinity in the SCS, and thus our consolidated array may not well resolve mesoscale processes. The MAOT can be extended to include other variables and multi-scale variability and can be applied to other regions.  相似文献   

A Wind-Tunnel Simulation of Plume Dispersion Within a Large Array of Obstacles   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

R.?M.?GailisEmail author  A.?Hill 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2006,119(2):289-338

  相似文献   

多输入多输出极化步进频率探地雷达硬件系统开发   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梁文婧  冯晅  刘财  恩和得力海  张明贺  梁帅帅 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(2):483-490

对基于矢量网络分析仪的单发单收探地雷达系统进行扩展,组建了可实现信号多通道发射和多通道接收的步进频率探地雷达系统。该系统主要由计算机、矢量网络分析仪、三维直角坐标仪、开关控制转换器、同轴开关以及多次覆盖极化天线阵列构成。系统信号发射通道和信号接收通道均可扩展至6个通道,可满足一般天线阵列测量需求。多次覆盖天线阵列采集共中心点（CMP）数据,每个测点可获取2个共极化模式数据和4个交叉极化模式数据,数据叠加后噪声可得到有效压制,系统信噪比可获得较大提升;同时应用Pauli分解方法获得伪彩色剖面图以对目标物体进行散射机制的分类。对该多输入多输出步进频率探地雷达系统进行系统测试和实验的结果,验证了其可靠性。  相似文献   

Characterization of the contractive and pore pressure behavior of saturated sand deposits under seismic loading     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2017

This paper presents an identification technique to characterize the contractive and pore pressure behavior of loose sandy soils under seismic excitation. The technique relies on acceleration and pore pressure records provided during excitation by vertical arrays of accelerometers and pore pressure sensors. The technique employs non-parametric estimates of shear stresses and strains. A multi-surface plasticity approach is used to model the soil response. A reduced scale centrifuge model and a large scale experiment are used to demonstrate the capabilities of the developed technique. The technique allows for a more complete interpretation of the coupled shear–volume behavior of a soil deposit.  相似文献   

Clear water scour around a finite array of cylinders     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

This experimental study presents clear-water scour and deposition patterns around hexagonal arrays of circular cylinders in steady flow conditions. Understanding the scour processes around such configurations could facilitate the design of several hydraulic and marine engineering structures, such as bridge piers and piles. The flow alteration caused by the examined porous obstacles depends on the solid volume fraction of the obstacles and on the angle of attack of the incoming flow, due to the limited number of cylinders constituting the array. Flume experiments with erodible bed were carried out for four array densities (solid volume fractions: 0.14, 0.20, 0.32 and 0.56) under three different orientations (regular, angled and staggered configurations). The scour/deposition characteristics were obtained by means of laser scanner and the results were compared to solid cylinders of equal circumambient diameter. Different angles of attack of the incoming flow lead to different blockage ratios, which have direct impact on the scour characteristics and deposition patterns. The arrays with the higher solid volume fraction generated scour/deposition patterns similar to solid cylinder, while in the arrays with the lower solid volume fractions, local scour around the individual small cylinders became evident. Finally, considering that the load bearing capacity of a pier basically depends on the area of its cross-section, a comparison of the maximum induced scour depth and volume by the cylinder arrays and the solid cylinder with equal solid cross-sectional area is presented, in order to introduce an alternative pier configuration that induces less scour. The results showed that the array of cylinders could generate 27% less scour volume and 22% less scour depth compared to its single solid cylinder counterpart.  相似文献   

Wave propagation through dense vertical cylinder arrays: Interference process and specific surface effects on damping     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

The purpose of this research work is to study the effect of specific surface s, the fluid–solid contact surface per volume unit, on the wave energy dissipation by porous structures consisting in dense arrays of emergent vertical cylinders. Experiments have been carried out in a 10 m long wave flume. Three cylinder diameters D are considered in order to study the effects of the specific surface while keeping the porosity constant. In a first series, the length of the porous zone is kept constant for the three cylinder diameters tested. The measurements, which include various wave steepness conditions, demonstrate the role of specific surface s on both wave attenuation and interference processes. The larger the specific surface is, the stronger the wave damping is. Damping is found to be almost proportional to 1/D when laminar, turbulent and inertial effects are of same order. Results are compared to numerical calculations based on either a constant rate of wave damping within the porous medium per unit wavelength or a quadratic damping developed using a force expression based on the work of [26]. This latter model, calibrated with drag and inertia coefficients, shows a good agreement with measurements. In a second series, both porous length and water depth are kept proportional to the cylinder diameter for the three diameters. Scale effects are then discussed and underline the importance of the flow regime within the porous medium.  相似文献   

EnKF循环同化相控阵雷达数据与变分雷达反演方法的对比研究:对一次台风外围龙卷个例的分析北大核心          下载免费PDF全文

王晨  赵坤  朱科锋  傅佩玲  陈炳洪  杨正玮 《气象科学》2022,42(1):1-11

针对2018年9月17日发生在广东省佛山市的一次台风龙卷过程,对比分析了EnKF和变分方法同化X波段相控阵雷达得到的风场结构。结果表明,EnKF方法和变分方法在同化了X波段相控阵雷达资料之后,都可以得到龙卷母体风暴的涡旋特征。相比之下,EnKF同化分析的涡旋强度更强,台风龙卷母体风暴及其周边三维风场的结构更加完整,与回波结构匹配更好。变分方法同化得到的流场不够连续,台风龙卷母体风暴的涡旋强度偏弱,弱回波区入流也明显偏弱,并不符合概念模型。而两种方法在没有同化相控阵雷达数据时,都无法产生龙卷母体风暴的流场特征。总体而言,相对于变分方法,EnKF同化系统在同化X波段相控阵雷达数据后可以产生更为合理的涡旋结构,台风龙卷母体风暴及其周边动力场结构更合理,这为以后X波段相控阵雷达的业务应用提供了思路。  相似文献   

海表面盐度的高精度预测模型          下载免费PDF全文

王颖超  柳青青  李洪平  赵红 《海洋科学进展》2021,39(1):37-44

为了建立高精度的海洋表面盐度预测模型,采用BP神经网络的方法,针对SMOS卫星level 1C级亮度温度数据和辅助数据建立了一种海表面盐度预测模型,以ARGO浮标观测值作为海表盐度实测值来检验新模型预测结果的准确度,同时利用验证集对模型的精度进行验证.结果表明:通过新模型预测的海表盐度(SSS0)比SMOS卫星的3个粗...  相似文献   

中国近海现场海洋观测系统设计评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王瑞文  叶冬 《海洋通报》2012,31(2):121-130

中国科学院正在发展一个在中国近海(包括黄海、东海和南海)现场海洋观测系统。观测系统包括3个沿岸观测站点、4个近海离岸浮标和由观测船只按固定航线做的船舶观测断面。观测站点、浮标和断面的位置已经预先确定,这个计划在2008-2011实施。利用基于卡尔曼理论的样本集合方法对这样一个能够监测大尺度的季节和年季变率的观测系统设计进行了评估。根据卡尔曼滤波理论,用集合样本的方法能够给出经过同化这个观测系统位置的观测资料后能够减少多少分析误差和分析场的不确定性。用2个来自不同模式、不同分辨率的模式的结果作为集合样本来计算静态的背景误差协方差,这2套样本分别是来自分辨率是0.5°×0.5°的模式同化结果和高分辨0.125°×0.125°的模式结果。由这2个不同资料得到的结果是一致的。发现来自3个近岸和4个离岸浮标得到的观测能够有效地减少SST在渤海、黄海、东海和南海中部的分析误差。然而在越南东部和台湾东部海域,分析误差减少的百分比相对要小。最后,给出了中国近海最优的观测位置序列设计。  相似文献