Zinc and copper bioaccumulation in fish from Laizhou Bay,the Bohai Sea     

刘金虎  曹亮  黄伟  张传涛  窦硕增 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(3):491-502

Abstract Zinc （Zn） and copper （Cu） concentrations were determined in the tissues （muscle, stomach, liver, gills, skin, and gonads） of five commercial fish species （mullet Liza haematocheilus, flathead Platycephalus indicus, mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius, silver pomfret Pampus argenteus, and sea bass Lateolabrax japonicus） from Laizhou Bay in the Bohai Sea. Metal bioaccumulation was highest in the metabolically active tissues of the gonads and liver. Bioconcentration factors for Zn were higher in all tissues （gonads 44.35, stomach 7.73, gills 7.72, liver 5.61, skin 4.88, and muscle 1.63） than the corresponding values for Cu （gonads 3.50, stomach 3.00, gills 1.60, liver 5.43, skin 1.50, and muscle 0.93）. Mackerel tissues accumulated metal to higher concentrations than did other fish species, but bioaccumulation levels were not significantly correlated with the trophic levels of the fish. Zn and Cu concentrations in the tissues were generally negatively correlated with fish length, except for a few tissues of sea bass. Risk assessment based on national and international permissible limits and provisional tolerances for weekly intake of Zn and Cu revealed that the concentrations of these two metals in muscle were relatively low and would not pose hazards to human health.  相似文献   

基于cox1条形码的鱼肚DNA分子鉴定     

朱惠敏  连一阳  王中铎  郭昱嵩  刘楚吾 《广东海洋大学学报》2014,(6):1-5

为鉴定鱼肚的正品来源,运用一对特异性引物扩增并测定10 个不同价格（700～1 500 元/kg）鱼肚样本的线粒体DNA 细胞色素c 氧化酶Ⅰ（cox1）约660 bp 的序列.通过BLASTN 比对DNA 序列同源度,判定鱼肚所属种类分别为鲈形目石首鱼科（Sciaenidae）、马鲅科（Eleutheronema）、笛鲷科（Lutjanidae）、带鱼科（Trichiuridae）.cox1 条码序列获取便捷,基于此条码序列的物种鉴定技术可用于鱼肚种类鉴别.  相似文献   

2种罗非鱼加工下脚料产物替代秘鲁鱼粉养殖奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)稚鱼效果评价     

彭淇  王斐  吴彬  杨丽萍  张雨晴  冯健 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(3):602-607

采用传统养殖试验方法进行了评价罗非鱼加工下脚料制备的2种产物替代秘鲁鱼粉在奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)稚鱼实用日粮中的效果研究。实验设计了3种等蛋白质(33.8%)、等能量(16.50MJ/kg)左右的实用实验日粮,对照组与试验组1、2日粮中分别添加秘鲁鱼粉、罗非鱼加工下脚料产物制备的酶解小肽和鱼粉。实验结果表明,实验期间(63d)各实验组鱼均无死亡;添加罗非鱼鱼粉组鱼的特定生长率和饲料效益均显著性低于秘鲁鱼粉组(P0.05),而添加罗非鱼酶解小肽组鱼的特定生长率和饲料效益均高于秘鲁鱼粉组,但2组间无显著性差异(P0.05);实验各组鱼的肝体比和肠脂比,鱼体水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、氨基酸比例与脂肪酸比例均无显著性差异(P0.05)。本实验认为,在奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼罗非鱼实用日粮中罗非鱼酶解小肽可以替代秘鲁鱼粉,但罗非鱼鱼粉养殖效果较秘鲁鱼粉差。  相似文献   

Effects of substratum type on fish assemblages in shallow areas of a tropical estuary     

José Amorim Reis‐Filho  Alexandre Clistenes de Alcântara Santos 《Marine Ecology》2014,35(4):456-470

While there is already a comprehensive understanding of the effects of environmental variables, such as dissolved oxygen, temperature and salinity, on the structure, biomass and metabolism of aquatic biota in estuarine habitats, the effect of sedimentation, a harmful underlying factor, remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the differences in fish assemblages along the freshwater to salt water gradient of a large tropical estuary, and to evaluate the effects on them of habitat disturbance associated with shallow water sedimentation in the intertidal areas. Fish and environmental variables were recorded in the upper, middle and lower salinity zones of the estuary at ebb tide in both the dry and wet seasons. Sediment samples associated with different levels of habitat disturbance were analysed using granulometry, and their organic content and dissolved oxygen levels were quantified. Water temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen levels were also measured. Habitat disturbance was found to be correlated with the density, biomass and richness of fish assemblages. A total of 77 species were recorded, forming two distinct fish assemblages, with the Eleotridae family dominating in the upper zone, and Gerreidae, Gobiidae and Tetraodontidae the most common in the middle and lower estuary. Changes in the structure of fish assemblages, including reductions in density, biomass and richness, were associated with disturbance to natural features, where muddy sediment was replaced by sandy sediment and the quantity of organic matter fell. Atherinella brasiliensis was the species which showed a preference for the disturbed areas in the middle and lower zones, while Dormitator maculatus showed a preference for them in the upper estuary. They may be taken as indicators of habitat disturbance due to shallow sedimentation.  相似文献   

利用人工鱼群算法优化高斯过程模型及应用分析     

邱小梦  周世健  王奉伟  欧阳亮酉 《测绘通报》2018,(1):157-160,164

基于高斯过程利用传统共轭梯度法搜索超参数,存在对初始值依赖性强、获得局部最优解的不足。本文采用人工鱼群算法对超参数进行智能寻优,建立了基于人工鱼群算法的高斯过程模型对变形体形变进行预测分析。通过隧道和基坑两个工程实例计算比对分析,NN、SE和RQ 3种核函数中NN核函数的预测效果最好,平均相对误差分别为0.69%和1.06%。结果表明超参数优化模型的预测精度得到了较大的提高,改善了高斯过程算法本身存在的超参数求解方面的不足,效果明显。  相似文献   

广东省应大力发展海洋牧场     

刘思俭 《广东海洋大学学报》1995,(2)

综述了我国及广东省十多年来鱼虾种苗人工放流及人工鱼礁的投放情况，结合广东省广大海区的水温、盐度、ｐＨ值、海流、营养盐含量情况及天然饵料的种类、分布等，提出了除在大亚湾已设置了水产增殖站以外，还应该在广东东部的南澳和西部的湛江各设一个增殖站，会收到更大的效果。人工鱼礁应总结过去投放的经验，加强礁区管理，逐步解决投资与收益的关系问题，并进一步扩大投放人工鱼礁的地点和密度，把广东海区切实建成理想的海洋牧场。  相似文献   

Gill net selectivity and catch rates of coastal pelagic fish in Jamaica     

C.J. Grant 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1981,12(2):167-175

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Primary fish survey in the Huanghe River estuary   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yang Jiming  Wang Cunxin 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1993,11(4):368-374

The survey in the Huanghe River estuary indicated that the 85 fish species found there comprised three faunal elements: warm-water species (29.4%), warm-temperate species (55.3%) and cold-temperate species (15.3%). The seasonal changes of fish species, density and biomass are obvious. The total biomass is highest (7 699t) in August and lowest (489 t) in January.Setipinna taty has mean density of 9 278 indiv/km², and is the most important species constituting 25.5% of the total weight of fish caught.Trichiurus haumela was a dominant species in the 1950s, but no one was caught in this survey. There were obvious changes of the dominant fish species during the recent three decades. The demersal fish biomass has dropped greatly to only 1/10 in over 50 years since 1930. Contribution No. 2210 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica.  相似文献   

Advances in the Study on Nutrient Requirements of Grouper（Epinephelus sp. ）：a Review   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LUOZhi LIUYongjian MAIKangsen TIANLixia 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(2):93-98

The paper reviews the recent advances in studying grouper nutrition requirement for the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly artificial diets. It consists of seven parts: protein and amino acid, lipid and essential fatty acid, carbohydrate, vitamin, mineral, alternative protein source, broodstock and larval nutrition. The review provides some basic information for further investigation of nutrient requirements of groupers.  相似文献   

Flounders follow the tides to feed: Evidence from ultrasonic tracking in an estuary     

Soetikno Wirjoatmodjo  T.J. Pitcher 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1984,19(2):231-241

Ultrasonically tagged flounders were tracked in the estuary of the River Bann, Northern Ireland, for periods of between 2 and 12 h (11 fish for a total of 92 h and 2·5 km), during their summer residence. Positions were determined by triangulation with two receivers.All fish remained within 400 m of the release point; on average flounders moved about 270 m during one tidal cycle, equivalent to 830 body lengths, or just over 1 body length per minute. Movements were most likely at dusk, but other parameters were not contingent upon time of day, although no data were gathered at dawn. Frequency, direction, distance, speed and duration of movement and turn rate were all significantly contingent upon state of the tide. The movement data are interpreted in terms of feeding behaviour, supported by results from other parts of the study. At high tide flounders made active but meandering searches for food on the inundated mudflats. Similar but faster searches heading downstream on falling tides reflected (a) completion of feeding while littoral invertebrates were still available and (b) avoidance of stranding. Flounders made infrequent but long and linear passages downstream at low tide, when they tended to bury themselves at the edge of the main channel where there was little food. Subsequently, the fish followed the rising tide upstream so that the cycle of movements kept most fish in the same area of the estuary in the short term. It is suggested that tolerance of changing salinities enables flounders, more than other flatfish species, to exploit dense populations of estuarine intertidal invertebrates as food.  相似文献