实时交通数据支持下的医疗服务时空可达性分析     

徐皓  乔庆华  李艳红  陈国岭  刘佳  甘霖 《测绘通报》2023,(1):113-119

针对现有城市医疗服务可达性分析方法未考虑就医偏好,导致测算结果与居民实际感受相差较大的问题,本文提出了一种顾及时间和距离成本偏好的医疗服务时空可达性分析方法,并以武汉市中心城区为例进行了分析。试验结果表明,研究方法充分利用交通路况,兼顾了交通距离和通行时间对就医选择的影响,距离偏好在新方法中作用显著。该方法一方面可以体现不同时刻可达性差异,另一方面又强调了居民就医的时间和距离成本偏好,相比单一的时间或距离成本更具优势,分析结果更符合现实。  相似文献   

Probability of Sediment Incipient Motion Under Complex Flows     

刘春嵘  邓丽颖  呼和敖德 《中国海洋工程》2010,24(1):93-104

Presented in this paper is a mathematical model to calculate the probability of the sediment incipient motion,in which the effects of the fluctuating pressure and the seepage are considered.The instantaneous bed shear velocity and the pressure gradient on the bed downstream of the backward-facing step flow are obtained according to the PIV measurements.It is found that the instantaneous pressure gradient on the bed obeys normal distribution.The probability of the sediment incipient motion on the bed downstream of the backward-facing step flow is given by the mathematical model.The predicted results agree well with the experiment in the region downstream of the reattachment point while a large discrepancy between the theory and experiment is seen in the region near the reattachment point.The possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.  相似文献   

回归直线的拟合度     

周明  任平安 《地球科学与环境学报》1999,(3)

采用模糊数学的方法研究回归直线与实测点的拟合度，提出回归直线的似合度，给出计算回归直线拟合度的方法。  相似文献   

An iterative pressure‐stabilized fractional step algorithm in saturated soil dynamics     

Xikui Li  Xue Zhang  Xianhong Han  D. C. Sheng 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2010,34(7):733-753

This paper presents an iterative, incremental pressure‐stabilized fractional step algorithm for coupled hydro‐mechanical problems with mixed formulations of the displacement–pressure ( u –p) model in saturated soil dynamics that allows the use of finite elements with equal low order of interpolation approximation of u and p. In comparison with the original fractional step algorithm, the distinct features of the proposed algorithm lie in its enhanced stability owing to the introduction of both an iteration procedure and a finite increment calculus (FIC) process into the algorithm. The introduction of the iterative procedure makes the velocity term satisfy the momentum conservation equation in an implicit sense and allows much larger time step sizes to be used than those limited in existing explicit and semi‐implicit versions of the algorithm. The introduction of the FIC process removes the dependence of the stability of the proposed algorithm on the time step size, as a result it allows to using the incremental version of the algorithm and evades the minimum time step size requirement presented in the existing versions of the fractional step algorithm that restricts the application of the algorithm to saturated soil dynamics problems with high frequencies. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and improved performance of the proposed iterative pressure‐stabilized fractional step algorithm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Shift trend and step changes for runoff time series in the Shiyang River basin,northwest China     

Z. L. Li  Z. X. Xu  J. Y. Li  Z. J. Li 《水文研究》2008,22(23):4639-4646

Shift trend and step changes were detected for runoff time series in the Shiyang River basin, one of the inland river basins in north‐west China. Annual runoff data from eight tributaries as well as both annual and monthly runoff from the mainstream from 1958 to 2003 were used. Seven statistical test methods were employed to identify the shift trends and step changes in the study. Mann–Kendall test, Spearman's Rho test, linear regression and Hurst exponent were used to detect past and future shift trends for runoff time series, while the distributed‐free CUSUM test, cumulative deviations and the Worsley likelihood ratio test were used to detect step changes for the same time series. Results showed that the annual runoff from Zamu, Huangyang and Gulang rivers, as well as both annual and monthly runoff from the mainstream, show statistically significant decreasing trends. Future tendency of runoff for both tributaries and mainstream were consistent with that from 1958 to 2003. Step changes probably occurred in 1961 for the runoff from Huangyang, Gulang and Dajing rivers according to the Worsley likelihood ratio test, but no similar results were found using the other two test methods. Three change points (1979, 1974 and 1973) were detected for the mainstream using different methods. These change points were close to the years that reservoirs started to be operated. Both climate change and human activities, especially the latter, contributed to the decreasing runoff in the study area. Between 21% and 79% of the reduction in runoff from the mainstream was due to the impact of human activities during the past few decades. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Influence of environmental and prey variables on low tide shorebird habitat use within the Robbins Passage wetlands,Northwest Tasmania   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fiona L. Spruzen  Alastair M.M. RichardsonEric J. Woehler 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

Shorebirds feed primarily on tidal flats, and their distribution over these flats is influenced by their prey and abiotic factors. These factors act by influencing the distribution and abundance of the prey, or the shorebirds ability to exploit it. The aims of this study were to investigate the low tide foraging distribution of shorebirds at four sites within the Robbins Passage wetlands, and the environmental and invertebrate factors that may influence their distribution. The greatest densities and number of shorebirds were found at Shipwreck Point and East Inlet. The shorebirds within-site distribution was also non-random, with the shorebirds present in greatest densities at the water's edge and low intertidal stratum, although this varied among species. Generally, on a small spatial scale, invertebrate diversity was positively correlated, and seagrass leaf mass was negatively correlated, with shorebird feeding density. On a large spatial scale, invertebrate biomass and seagrass root mass were positively correlated with shorebird feeding density. Invertebrate biomass and seagrass root mass explained 71% of the variance in total shorebird feeding density on the tidal flats. The variation in shorebird feeding density and diversity was therefore partly explained by invertebrate diversity and biomass, as well as the environmental factors seagrass roots and leaf mass and tidal flat area, although the strength of these relationships was influenced by the two different spatial scales of the study. The strength of the relationships between shorebird feeding density and the invertebrate and environmental variables was stronger on a large spatial scale. The presence of seagrass may have influenced shorebird-feeding density by affecting the invertebrate abundance and composition or the shorebirds ability to detect and capture their prey. The area of the tidal flat had opposing effects on the shorebird species. These results can be used to assist in the development of management plans for the Robbins Passage wetlands and the conservation of important shorebird areas.  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF DIETARY LEVELS OFCARBOHYDRATE,LIPID,PHOSPHORUS ANDZINC ON THE GROWTH,FEED CONVERSIONAND PROTEIN EFFICIENCY RATIO OF NILETILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS)     

李钟杰  雷武  杨云霞  叶军 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1993,(3)

INTRODUCTION The eonversion of dietary Protein,liPid and earbohydrate in the body of thevertebrate 15 conneeted with the intermediate metabolism Proeesses in whieh themetalloenzymes Play very imPortant roles.Anderson et al.(1984)and Teshimaand Kanazawa(1 986)Proved the maintenanee of ProPer Protein and liPidlevelsin the diets eoneomitant with inereasing the dietary earbohydrate eontent to 40%ean Promote teh growth of Nile tilaPia fingerlings.EI一Sayed and Garling(1988)indi eated th…  相似文献   

DIETARY PHOSPHORUS REQUIREMENT OF YOUNG ABALONE, HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAI INO.     

谭北平  麦康森  刘付志国 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2002,20(1)

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COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE FEEDING CAPACITY OF SILVER CARP AND BIGHEAD CARP   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董双林  李德尚 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1994,12(2):185-190

Study of the feeding capacity of silver carp and bighead carp by means of experimental ecologyshowed that the filtering frequency of silver carp was slightly greater than that of bighead carp,but thatthe latter's suction volume was much greater than the former's so the filtering rate(filtering frequency mul-tiplied by the suction volume)of silver carp was smaller than that of bighead carp.The filtering efficien-cy of silver carp for phytoplankton was greater than that of bighead carp for them.The removal ratesof silver carp for phytoplankton were greater than those of bighead carp,but for zooplankton the formerwere smaller than the latter.For food particles about 70 μm both removal rates were almost equal.The feeding habits of the two species in natural waters is also discussed in the paper.  相似文献   

山西省地下流体观测井地下水类型综合判定     

姚林鹏  吕芳  宫静芝 《地震地磁观测与研究》2022,43(2):115-120

为提升对山西省地下流体观测井承压性的进一步认识,以位于该省北、中、南部的朔州井、静乐井、祁县井、洪洞井和东郭井为研究对象,选取水位、气压观测数据,并利用井水位的理论固体潮数据,分别对井水位进行气压的阶跃响应函数计算、FFT频谱和潮汐相位响应分析,综合判定地下流体观测井—含水层类型,结果表明,5口观测井地下水埋藏类型均为半承压水。  相似文献