Sea ice,ice‐rafting,and ocean climate across Denmark Strait during rapid deglaciation (∼16–12 cal ka BP) of the Iceland and East Greenland shelves          下载免费PDF全文

《第四纪科学杂志》2018,33(1):112-130

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Geochemical characteristics of deposits from the 2011 Tohoku‐oki tsunami at Hasunuma,Kujukuri coastal plain,Japan          下载免费PDF全文

Tetsuya Shinozaki  Yuki Sawai  Junko Hara  Minoru Ikehara  Dan Matsumoto  Koichiro Tanigawa 《Island Arc》2016,25(5):350-368

We examined the geochemical characteristics and temporal changes of deposits associated with the 2011 Tohoku‐oki tsunami. Stable carbon isotope ratios, biomarkers, and water‐leachable ions were measured in a sandy tsunami deposit and associated soils sampled at Hasunuma, Kujukuri coastal plain, Japan, in 2011 and 2014. At this site, the 2011 tsunami formed a 10–30 cm ‐thick layer of very fine to medium sand. The tsunami deposit was organic‐poor, and no samples contained any detectable biomarkers of either terrigenous or marine origin. In the underlying soil, we identified hydrocarbons and sterols derived from terrestrial plants, but detected no biomarkers of marine origin. In the samples collected in 2011, concentrations of tsunami‐derived water‐leachable ions were highest in the soil immediately beneath the tsunami deposit and then decreased gradually with depth. Because of its finer texture and higher organic content, the soil has a higher water‐holding capacity than the sandy tsunami deposit. This distribution suggests that ions derived from the tsunami quickly penetrated the sand layer and became concentrated in the underlying soil. In the samples collected in 2014, concentrations of water‐leachable ions were very low in both soil and sand. We attribute the decrease in ion concentrations to post‐tsunami rainfall, seepage, and seasonal changes in groundwater level. Although water‐leachable ions derived from seawater were concentrated in the soil beneath the tsunami deposit following the tsunami inundation, they were not retained for more than a few years. To elucidate the behavior of geochemical characteristics associated with tsunamis, further research on organic‐rich muddy deposits (muddy tsunami deposits and soils beneath sandy tsunami deposits) as well as sandy tsunami deposits is required.  相似文献   

A sensitivity analysis of lake water level response to changes in climate and river regimes     

《Limnologica》2015

Lake water level regimes are influenced by climate, hydrology and land use. Intensive land use has led to a decline in lake levels in many regions, with direct impacts on lake hydrology, ecology and ecosystem services. This study examined the role of climate and river flow regime in controlling lake regimes using three different lakes with different hydraulic characteristics (volume-inflow ratio, CIR). The regime changes in the lakes were determined for five different river inflows and five different climate patterns (hot-arid, tropical, moderate, cold-arid, cold-wet), giving 75 different combinations of governing factors in lake hydrology. The input data were scaled to unify them for lake comparisons. By considering the historical lake volume fluctuations, the duration (number of months) of lake volume in different ‘wetness’ regimes from ‘dry’ to ‘wet’ was used to develop a new index for lake regime characterisation, ‘Degree of Lake Wetness’ (DLW). DLW is presented as two indices: DLW₁, providing a measure of lake filling percentage based on observed values and lake geometry, and DLW₂, providing an index for lake regimes based on historical fluctuation patterns. These indices were used to classify lake types based on their historical time series for variable climate and river inflow. The lake response time to changes in hydrology or climate was evaluated. Both DLW₁ and DLW₂ were sensitive to climate and hydrological changes. The results showed that lake level in high CIR systems depends on climate, whereas in systems with low CIR it depends more on river regime.  相似文献   

黄土高原0.8Ma以来地面抬升的时空特征研究     

胡春生  潘保田  苏怀 《地理科学》2012,(9):1131-1135

根据黄土高原地区黄河阶地的形态特征和成因分析,认为其形成主要是地面抬升所致并且在黄河达到均衡状态下形成,可以推断黄土高原的地面抬升。根据对黄土高原地区黄河0.8 Ma阶地的研究并结合相关文献资料,选取兰州段、黑山峡段、晋陕峡谷段和三门峡段作为典型研究区域,得出黄土高原0.8 Ma以来的地面抬升存在显著的时空特征,即空间特征表现为地面抬升量有西大东小的规律,时间特征表现为地面抬升速率有后期加速趋势、特别是晚更新世以来。并认为黄土高原0.8 Ma以来的地面抬升与青藏高原的构造抬升有成因上的联系。  相似文献   

烃源岩中C19~C29甾烷系列和25 降藿烷系列的检出及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王作栋  孟仟祥  陶明信  王晓锋  李中平  徐永昌 《沉积学报》2009,27(1):180-185

沉积有机质中通常可检测到C21（孕甾烷）、C22（升孕甾烷）和C27~C29甾烷,但C19、C20和C23~C26甾烷并不常见。在三塘湖盆地芦草沟组黑色页岩中检出了完整的C19~C29甾烷系列和25 降藿烷系列。如此完整且丰度较高的此类化合物,尚无文献报道。这一新的资料可能蕴含着丰富的油气地球化学信息。初步认为这2个系列的化合物指示:其古环境为干旱和咸化水体环境;有机质以藻类和浮游生物等低等水生生物来源为主,在沉积初期遭受强烈的生物降解作用;原始有机质与细菌降解的产物共存,成为生烃先质。  相似文献   

35Ma地质历史上一个重要的自然周期          下载免费PDF全文

史晓颖 《地球科学》1996,(3)

在地球发展过程中存在着３５Ｍａ的旋回周期，它不仅表现在全球性海平面变化、生物集群绝灭、构造运动幕、岩浆旋回以及石气候变化方面，而且也反映在古地磁倒转和陨击事件方面，反映了地球演化的自然阶段．重要地质事件明显地集中于特定时期，形成自然临界，其可能主要受天体运动周期的控制，与太阳系穿越银道面有关  相似文献   

塔里木盆地北部隆起原油混合作用半定量评价   总被引：13，自引：5，他引：13  

杨杰  黄海平  张水昌  陈发景 《地球化学》2003,32(2):105-111

塔里木盆地北部隆起油气类型非常复杂，多期充注和储层内的混合作用极为普遍，早期充注原油遭受过生物降解作用的强烈改造，油质非常重，烃类含量和组成发生很大变化，表现为正烷烃和类异戊二烯烃完全消失，甾烷和藿烷被严重破坏，形成大量25－降藿烷，三芳甾相对富集。后期充注的正常原油油质较轻，正烷烃和类异戊二烯烃完整分布，25－降藿烷和三芳甾含量极低。两期充注原油在储层内不同的混合程度造成原油物性和分子组成复杂多变，其变化受控于混合比。根据混合油中正烷烃和25－降藿烷的绝对含量以及三芳甾的相对含量，对油藏内两期充注油的贡献进行了半定量计算，结果表明塔河油田4号构造早期充注的残留油与新近充注的正常油含量相当，塔河3号构造除沙47原油中含20％左右的早期充注油外，基本属晚期充注的产物；哈得逊油田早期充注的残留油含量在5％－15％之间，表明该油田的形成期很晚；乡3井原油中早期充注的残留油约占1／4，羊屋2井主要是晚期充注的贡献。  相似文献   

X.25分组交换网主要设备的简明配置          下载免费PDF全文

艾艳  赵麒  陈德生 《气象与环境科学》2003,(2):39-40

介绍了X.25分组交换网建设过程中主要设备的具体配置及关键设备参数的具体设置.  相似文献   

X.25气象信息网络的应用和维护          下载免费PDF全文

王林香  冯琳凡 《气象与环境科学》2003,(4):36-37

结合工作实践,对X.25气象信息网络的建设应用和安装维护进行了探讨,并分析了2例疑难问题的诊断过程和解决办法.  相似文献   

X．25气象信息网络的应用和维护     

王林香  冯琳凡 《河南气象》2003,(4):36-37

结合工作实践，对X．25气象信息网络的建设应用和安装维护进行了探讨，并分析了2例疑难问题的诊断过程和解决办法。  相似文献