Numerical Study on Instantaneous Discharge of Unsorted Particle Cloud in Cross Flow     

顾杰  李志伟杨红 詹咏 《中国海洋工程》2007,21(2):305-316

The mixing characteristics of particles such as dredged sediment of variable size discharged into cross flow are studied by a 3D numerical model, which is developed to model the particle-fluid two-phase flow. The Eulerian method with the modified k-ε parameterization of turbulence for the fluid phase is used to solve fluid phase, while a Lagrangian method for the solid phase (particles), both the processes are coupled through the momentum sources. In the model the wake turbulence induced by particles has been included as additional source term in the k-ε model; and the variable drift velocities of the particles are treated efficiently by the Lagrangian method in which the particles are tracked explicitly and the diffusion process is approximated by a random walk model. The hydrodynamic behavior of dumping a cloud of particles is governed by the total buoyancy of the cloud, the drag force on each particle and the velocity of cross-flow. The computed results show a roughly linear relationship between the displacement of the frontal position and the longitudinal width of the particle cloud. The particle size in the cloud and the velocity of cross flow dominate the flow behavior. The computed results are compared with the results of laboratory experiments and satisfactory agreement is obtained.  相似文献   

分层流体中内孤立波在潜浮式竖直薄板上透射和反射   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

魏岗  尤云祥  缪国平  苏晓冰 《海洋工程》2007,25(1):1-8

采用边缘层理论研究了两层流体系统中内孤立波在潜浮式竖直薄板上的透射和反射问题,提出了非线性演化方程的“初值”条件,分析了内孤立波与薄板非线性相互作用的效应。研究表明:流体层的密度比以及薄板伸入上下层的深度对于反射和透射波结构具有显著的影响,薄板伸入下层越深、密度差越小,则薄板阻碍孤立波透射的效率越高;透射波通常演化为单峰孤立波和迅速衰减的尾波,反射波演化为缓慢衰减的尾波列;对于具有小密度差的跃层结构,内孤立波在潜浮式竖直薄板上的透射及其演化近乎是无障碍的。  相似文献   

Excess CO2 and pHexcess in the Intermediate Water Layer of the Northwestern Pacific     

Andrey Andreev  Makio Honda  Yuichiro Kumamoto  Masashi Kusakabe  Akihiko Murata 《Journal of Oceanography》2001,57(2):177-188

Excess CO₂ and pH_excess showing an increase in dissolved inorganic carbon and a decrease in pH from the beginning of the industrial epoch (middle of the 19th century) until the present time have been calculated in the intermediate water layer of the northwestern Pacific and the Okhotsk Sea. It is concluded that: (1) The Kuril Basin (Okhotsk Sea) and the Bussol' Strait areas are characterized by the greatest concentrations of excess CO₂ at isopycnal surfaces due to the processes of formation and transformation of intermediate water mass. (2) The largest difference in excess CO₂ concentration between the Okhotsk Sea and the western subarctic Pacific (about 8 µmol/kg) is found at the = 27.0. (3) The difference in excess CO₂ between the western subarctic Pacific and subtropical regions is significant only in the upper part of the intermediate water layer ( = 26.7–27.0). (4) About 10% of the excess CO₂ accumulation in the subtropical north Pacific is determined by water exchange with the subarctic Pacific and the Okhotsk Sea.  相似文献   

海藻硫酸多糖911对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应及对细胞产生IL—2作用的影响     

王文涛  张永祥  周金黄  管华诗 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,(Z1)

本文以~3H—TdR掺入法观察911对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应的影响并用CTLL细胞检测了其对IL—2的作用。体外实验结果表明,911对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应有明显的增强作用,以0.5μg/ml的浓度效果最为明显,相对增殖指数RPI可达200％;体内实验则以5mg/kg体重ip,连续7d效果最好,相对增殖指数RPI可达176％;911用药组小鼠IL—2的产生量均高于对照组,以5mg/kg和10mg/kg效果最好。以上实验证明,这一多糖是一种有希望的新免疫调节药物。  相似文献   

东营城区高精度三维地震采集方法研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

胡立新  刘怀山  张进 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(6):1075-1080

根据东营城区内建筑物较多，环境干扰较大，地下构造复杂，断裂非常发育，目的层埋藏深，资料信噪比较低的特点，以地震老资料和钻井资料为基础，建立地震地质模型，利用射线追踪技术选取合适的观测系统参数。充分利用卫星数字地图，没计了灵活多变的观测系统，采用可控震源与炸药震源配合使用方法，及时对城区内地下面元的覆盖次数、方位角和炮检距的分布进行质量监控，利用现场处理系统对资料进行及时分析，提高了地震资料品质。所获得的东营城区高精度三维地震采集资料显示，其浅中层分辨率和中深层信噪比都有了明显改善，取得了良好的地质效果。  相似文献   

桶形基础平台三维有限元稳定性分析     

钱荣  周锡礽  孙克俐  张伟 《海洋技术学报》2003,22(4):49-53

以我国第一座桶形基础采油平台工程实例为原型，采用三维有限元计算方法对桶形基础稳定性分析。平台在波浪、风等荷载作用下，其稳定性不仅与平台的整体结构有关，而且与桶形基础及其周围土体相互作用相关。在计算中，利用薄层摩擦单元模拟土与结构间的相互作用，取得了很好的效果。分析结果表明桶形基础采油平台在设计条件下运行是较为稳定的。  相似文献   

黄河河流水体二氧化碳分压及其影响因素分析   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

苏征  张龙军  王晓亮 《海洋科学》2005,29(4):41-44

根据2003年秋季黄河河流水体二氧化碳分压(p(CO2))的实测数据，结合水文、化学和生物等要素的同步观测资料，对河流水体p(CO2)的影响因素进行了探讨。研究结果表明：生物好氧呼吸作用不是影响河流水体p(CO2)的主要因素，黄河河流p(CO2)的高低主要受水体碳酸盐系统的控制。  相似文献   

孪井灌区主要作物节水灌溉模式的研究     

刘贯群  朱新军  王淑英  陈浩  韩曼 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(5):809-816

根据内蒙古孪井滩灌区的自然地理、地质和水文地质条件,在室内外模拟试验的基础上,利用VS2DT模型对灌溉入渗水的运移进行了模拟,计算了现有灌溉量下的渗漏量,提出了灌区春小麦和夏玉米的节水灌溉模式。春小麦第一次灌溉的节水灌溉量为150 mm,第二次灌水的节水灌溉量为97.5 mm,以后4次灌水的灌溉量在60~75 mm之间。夏玉米第一次灌水的灌溉量也以150 mm为宜,以后5次灌溉量分别以127.5 mm,90.0 mm,97.5 mm,82.5 mm及67.5 mm为宜。此灌溉模式不仅能够节约水资源,而且能够防止土壤次生盐渍化的发展。  相似文献   

Pb²⁺对青蛤的急性毒性及对其血淋巴液中免疫相关酶活性的影响     

王瑞  黄雨辰  熊德东  黄亚  田甜  孟彬  梁健 《海洋科学》2020,44(3):59-65

采用静态急性毒性实验研究了重金属Pb~(2+)对青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)的生物急性毒性效应,测定了在96 h Pb~(2+)半致死浓度的1/10(TC组)和1/100(SC组)两个浓度胁迫下,血淋巴液中酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和溶菌酶(LSZ)活性的变化。结果显示:Pb~(2+)的96 h LC50为7.938 mg/L; SC组ACP活性表现为诱导-抑制趋势,除4 d外均与对照组差异显著(P0.05), TC组为抑制趋势,为3个组中的最低,与对照组差异显著(P0.05);实验组SC组和TC组的AKP、LSZ活性均表现为前期为诱导中后期受抑制的趋势,与对照组差异显著(P0.05),且TC组活性始终低于SC组,表现出Pb~(2+)的胁迫浓度越高酶活性受到的抑制作用越大。以上结果表明,重金属Pb~(2+)对青蛤的毒性级别为高毒级,能造成青蛤免疫相关酶的活性受到抑制,影响青蛤的免疫能力,而且这种抑制作用随着环境中Pb~(2+)浓度增加而增加。  相似文献   

Roles of Continental Shelves and Marginal Seas in the Biogeochemical Cycles of the North Pacific Ocean   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Chen-Tung Arthur Chen  Andrey Andreev  Kyung-Ryul Kim  Michiyo Yamamoto 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(1):17-44

Most marginal seas in the North Pacific are fed by nutrients supported mainly by upwelling and many are undersaturated with respect to atmospheric CO₂ in the surface water mainly as a result of the biological pump and winter cooling. These seas absorb CO₂ at an average rate of 1.1 ± 0.3 mol C m⁻²yr⁻¹ but release N₂/N₂O at an average rate of 0.07 ± 0.03 mol N m⁻²yr⁻¹. Most of primary production, however, is regenerated on the shelves, and only less than 15% is transported to the open oceans as dissolved and particulate organic carbon (POC) with a small amount of POC deposited in the sediments. It is estimated that seawater in the marginal seas in the North Pacific alone may have taken up 1.6 ± 0.3 Gt (10¹⁵ g) of excess carbon, including 0.21 ± 0.05 Gt for the Bering Sea, 0.18 ± 0.08 Gt for the Okhotsk Sea; 0.31 ± 0.05 Gt for the Japan/East Sea; 0.07 ± 0.02 Gt for the East China and Yellow Seas; 0.80 ± 0.15 Gt for the South China Sea; and 0.015 ± 0.005 Gt for the Gulf of California. More importantly, high latitude marginal seas such as the Bering and Okhotsk Seas may act as conveyer belts in exporting 0.1 ± 0.08 Gt C anthropogenic, excess CO₂ into the North Pacific Intermediate Water per year. The upward migration of calcite and aragonite saturation horizons due to the penetration of excess CO₂ may also make the shelf deposits on the Bering and Okhotsk Seas more susceptible to dissolution, which would then neutralize excess CO₂ in the near future. Further, because most nutrients come from upwelling, increased water consumption on land and damming of major rivers may reduce freshwater output and the buoyancy effect on the shelves. As a result, upwelling, nutrient input and biological productivity may all be reduced in the future. As a final note, the Japan/East Sea has started to show responses to global warming. Warmer surface layer has reduced upwelling of nutrient-rich subsurface water, resulting in a decline of spring phytoplankton biomass. Less bottom water formation because of less winter cooling may lead to the disappearance of the bottom water as early as 2040. Or else, an anoxic condition may form as early as 2200 AD. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献