Groundwater ecological environment and the mapping of Asia          下载免费PDF全文

DONG Hua  GE Li-qiang 《地下水科学与工程》2015,3(2):118-126

Based on the mapping of groundwater resources and environmental geology in China and its surrounding regions, Groundwater Ecological Environment Map of Asia is drawn to broadly reflect the ecological situation of Asian groundwater, categorize its ecological environment into three basic types and elaborate the research categories. This paper analyzes and summarizes the major characteristics and distribution regularities of the groundwater ecological environment of Asia to reveal the key related problem so as to provide a necessary reference for the construction and planning of One Belt and One Road.  相似文献   

Assessment of air temperatures from different meteorological reanalyses for the East Antarctic region between Zhongshan and Dome A     

XIE AiHong  Ian ALLISON  XIAO CunDe  WANG ShiMeng  REN JiaWen  QIN DaHe 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(7)

The accuracy of daily mean 2 meter air temperatures from five reanalyses are assessed against in-situ observations from Automatic Weather Stations in East Antarctica for 2005 to 2008.The five reanalyses all explain more than 70%of the average variance,and have annual root mean square errors(RMSE)between 3.4 and 6.9°C.The NOAA reanalyses,NCEP-1,NCEP-2and 20CRv2,have cool biases of 2.5,1.4 and 1.5°C,respectively.The ERA Interim and JCDAS reanalyses have warm biases of 1.7 and 2.0°C.All reanalyses generally perform better in the austral spring and worse in winter and autumn.They also show the best performance at an inland plateau site at 2800 m elevation,but are worst at Dome A,the summit of the East Antarctic ice sheet.In general,ERA Interim is superior to the other reanalyses,probably because of its 4D assimilation scheme.The three NOAA reanalyses perform worst;Their assimilation scheme is more constrained by limited observations and 20CRv2has less input data,assimilating only surface pressure observations.Despite deficiencies and limitations,the reanalyses are still powerful tools for climate studies in the Antarctic region.However,more in-situ observations are required,especially from the vast interior of Antarctica.  相似文献   

地震震源机制波形自动反演系统的研究现状与展望     

祁玉萍  李闽峰  李圣强  王斌  刘桂平 《地震》2013,33(1):74-85

震源机制解是地震学研究的重要组成部分, 它从一定程度上描述了震源的性质及其破裂过程, 对其正确、 全面地认识可深化理解地震的孕育、 发生和演化。 而地震波形自动反演系统的建立, 不仅实现了利用地震波形信息进行震源机制解的自动反演, 更重要的是加快了反演的速度, 充分体现了提取震源信息的实效性, 从而有力地帮助震情分析、 余震趋势预测、 震后救援等工作的展开。 本文系统地阐述了震源机制解反演方法, 总结了自动反演系统构建思路以及波形自动反演系统的实现, 为国内构建自动反演系统提供了可鉴的技术思路。  相似文献   

海南数字地脉动参数处理系统     

李志雄  袁锡文  朱航  丁军  陈金燕  明穗花 《地震》2008,28(2):87-92

该文编制了一个基于服务器数据库的地脉动参数自动处理系统, 它利用FTP协议每天自动从测震台网中心的服务器中获取地脉动波形, 自动计算各个地脉动参数, 并自动把参数添加到地脉动参数数据库中。 同时编制地脉动参数查询与图形显示系统, 用户可使用IE浏览器查看地脉动参数和绘制变化图形。 初步研究认为, 在海南及邻区显著地震前和地震活动活跃时地脉动参数有一定的异常变化。  相似文献   

河南省数字地震台网自动量算的震级与人工量算的震级的偏差分析     

苏莉华  何香玲  魏玉霞  郑培玲 《高原地震》2009,21(2):41-45,40

对2007年12月-2008年9月河南省数字地震台网资料自动量算的震级与人工量算的震级进行了比较和分析。结果表明：由MSDP软件自动量算的震级与人工量算的震级偏差较小,且自动量算的震级可以满足地震定位精度的要求,在地震速报时可采用自动量算的震级。  相似文献   

Hypocenter location of mixed events in real-time processing systems     

Vladimir Pinsky  Shigeki Horiuchi 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(4):589-600

Automatic pickings in earthquake real-time monitoring systems often contain noise bursts and/or phases of different event(s) occurring almost simultaneously. Typically, a locator uses these picks as P and S waves arrival times coming from a single event and, therefore, should be complemented by a distinctive phase association logic. The method we propose manages to automatically associate data related to different events and eliminates the influence of spoiled data from single events. The method is based on “network beamforming”, a robust and stable algorithm, which utilizes a hypocenter grid search for the stack maximum of a set of complex exponents applied to the P phase readings. The algorithm separates the residual outliers and then uses them for location. If successful, a hypocenter is established for the interfering event. The solutions obtained are overall robust and independent from the estimate of origin times. The preliminary epicenter for the grid search is provided by the intersection of perpendicular bisectors in the modified “arrival order algorithm” or by the modified “T^now” algorithm, which uses non-arrival information. We applied this method to automatic first arrival phase readings of 915 events registered by the Hi-net Japan seismic network and our results are statistically promising. Here, we present two interesting and complicated examples.  相似文献   

电离层垂直TEC映射函数的实验观测与统计特性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

温晋  万卫星  丁锋  乐新安  佘承莉  刘立波 《地球物理学报》2010,53(1):22-29

利用GPS信标测量获得的电离层电子浓度总含量（TEC）是沿电波路径的斜向TEC.理论研究和实际应用中,常常需要通过映射函数将斜向TEC转换为垂直方向的TEC,这在当前主要采用对电子浓度分布模型的数值积分得到模型映射函数来实现.本文在考察现有不同模型映射函数的基础上,又提出了一种源于实际观测的实验映射函数的概念与估算方法.我们利用IGS的全球GPS观测站的斜向TEC和JPL提供的垂直TEC数据获得了2006年期间的实验映射函数,并对所得结果进行了初步统计分析.在卫星天顶角较小时,上述实验映射函数和模型映射函数之间相差甚微,均可很好描述垂直TEC与斜TEC之间关系;但卫星天顶角较大时,实验映射函数和常用的模型映射函数之间存在明显差异.本文认为,这种差异主要是因为现有模型映射函数中没有考虑到等离子体层的贡献.我们认为采用基于实验映射函数的模式,或者通过考虑等离子体层的贡献对现有模型映射函数进行改进,可以有效提高电离层TEC的估算精度.  相似文献   

Regional-typological study and mapping of geosystems: analysis of the implementation     

A.D. Abalakov  S.A. Sedykh 《Geography and Natural Resources》2010,31(4):317-323

We give an outline of the scientific-methodological principles of using the regional-typological approach in geographical research. Based on analyzing cartographic products, we demonstrate the differences in understanding and implementing the approach. The structurallogical schematic diagram for the regional-typological approach has been developed, which opens up possibilities for its implementation in the study and mapping of geosystems and can provide an integral, systemic idea of this approach.  相似文献   

一种液晶显示系统的单片机接口设计     

郭燕  李焕信 《时间频率学报》1997,(1)

液晶显示器（LCD）工作电压低、功耗小、能与CMOS电路匹配；且显示柔和、字迹清晰、重量轻、可靠性高、寿命长，自问世以来其发展速度之快，用途之广远远超过了其它发光器件。在自动化仪表及自动控制系统中，越来越多的设计者采用液晶显示与仪器对接，尽管其接口电路较传统的LED显示器复杂，由于其独特的优点，正得到广泛地应用。现介绍一种单片机LCD显示器接口的设计。在使用步进电机进行精密自动控制的系统中，利用8031单片机作为控制器，加之使用8255并行接口，可实现移位显示，也可适时显示转角信息和检测信息。该设计自动化程度高、可控性强，可用于天文仪器的精密定位、扫描以及其它自控监示系统。  相似文献   

Three-dimensional mapping of a landslide using a multi-geophysical approach: the Quesnel Forks landslide   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

A.?BichlerEmail author  P.?Bobrowsky  M.?Best  M.?Douma  J.?Hunter  T.?Calvert  R.?Burns 《Landslides》2004,1(1):29-40

A landslide located on the Quesnel River in British Columbia, Canada is used as a case study to demonstrate the utility of a multi-geophysical approach to subsurface mapping of unstable slopes. Ground penetrating radar (GPR), direct current (DC) resistivity and seismic reflection and refraction surveys were conducted over the landslide and adjacent terrain. Geophysical data were interpreted based on stratigraphic and geomorphologic observations, including the use of digital terrain models (DTMs), and then integrated into a 3-dimensional model. GPR surveys yielded high-resolution data that were correlated with stratigraphic units to a maximum depth of 25 m. DC electrical resistivity offered limited data on specific units but was effective for resolving stratigraphic relationships between units to a maximum depth of 40 m. Seismic surveys were primarily used to obtain unit boundaries up to a depth of >80 m. Surfaces of rupture and separation were successfully identified by GPR and DC electrical resistivity techniques.  相似文献