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81.
用9对微卫星引物对尼罗罗非鱼Oreochromis niloticus、奥利亚罗非鱼O.aureus和红罗非鱼O.sp.群体的遗传变异进行了比较研究。在3个群体109个个体中共检测到60个等位基因,3个群体的平均等位基因数分别为4.11、1.33和3.44,平均观测杂合度分别为0.528、0.056和0.491,平均期望杂合度分别为0.644、0.091和0.526,平均多态信息含量分别为0.580、0.077和0.466。杂合子偏离度D值分别为0.148、0.222和0.044,表明3个罗非鱼群体存在不同程度的杂合子缺失。卡方检验表明3个群体的大部分位点偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,存在遗传漂变现象。群体间遗传分化显著(遗传分化指数FST在0.329到0.656之间,P<0.01)。尼罗罗非鱼和红罗非鱼群体间的遗传距离最小(0.47)。上述分析表明,尼罗罗非鱼的遗传多样性最高,奥利亚罗非鱼的遗传多样性最低,群体间分化显著。表明尼罗罗非鱼和红罗非鱼尚具有一定的选育潜力,而奥利亚罗非鱼遗传多样性低,不利于选择育种,需要引进新的种群。 相似文献
82.
通过对5个湖泊的河川沙塘鳢种群的线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因进行PCR扩增、测序,获得1141 bp的序列全长.序列分析显示,cyt b基因序列中A+T含量(55.8%)略高于G+C含量(44.2%),共检测到806个多态位点,115个样本得到87个单倍型,平均单倍型多样性为0.969±0.012,核苷酸多样性为0.20081±0.00742,遗传多样性表现高度多样性.太湖种群与大纵湖种群间的遗传距离最近,为0.137,巢湖种群和大纵湖种群之间遗传距离最远,为0.424.分子方差分析表明,群体间遗传分化系数Fst为0.531,变异来自群体内及群体间.cyt b基因序列构建的UPGMA系统进化树显示,5个种群分化成不同的分支系谱,种群间存在的基因交流较少. 相似文献
83.
《广东海洋大学学报》2017,(1)
于我国雷州半岛红树林海区捕获隶属于弹涂鱼属(Periophthalmus)、大弹涂鱼属(Boleophthalmus)与青弹涂鱼属(Scartelaos)的4种弹涂鱼,克隆4种弹涂鱼23个个体cox1基因序列,通过分析4种弹涂鱼与Gen Bank中12种弹涂鱼cox1基因序列的变异特征,探讨4种弹涂鱼与后者的种间亲缘关系。结果表明,16种弹涂鱼的82个体的cox1基因序列共检测到单倍型44个,核苷酸多态位点212个(占35.4%),种间平均核苷酸差异数为4(占2.01%);基于最大似然法(ML)和邻接法(NJ)构建的系统发育树显示,各弹涂鱼属多形成一独立分支,亲缘关系明显,齿弹涂鱼属(Periophthalmodon)镶嵌于弹涂鱼属内,大弹涂鱼属与青弹涂鱼属形成并列分支,亲缘关系较近。依化石记录标定的松散分子钟估算物种分歧时间,结果表明,各弹涂鱼属出现明显分化大约发生于渐新世末期至中新世早期(23.61~15.65 Ma)。 相似文献
84.
With a view of studying programmed cell death (PCD) in a halophytic plant at the molecular level, we report here that apop-totic-like changes are induced by NaCl stress in Thellungiella halophila. The dose of 300 mM NaCl induced some apoptotic-like features in Thellungiella halophila cells, including the retraction of the plasma membrane from the cell wall, nuclear condensation, DNA laddering and the release of cytochrome c accompanying the increase of caspase 3-like protease activity. This process re-sulted in ultrastructural changes of mitochondria and Golgi bodies, and the appearance of autophagic vacuoles. This suggests that T. halophila suspension cell culture is an ideal system for studying severe salt stress-induced plant PCD. The results indicate that 300 mM NaCl stress-induced programmed cell death in T. halophila cells is similar to apoptosis and mitochondria play an impor-tant role in the early stage of plant PCD. 相似文献
85.
本文以佛山市三水区农村集体土地确权登记发证工作为背景,探讨ARCGIS制作宗地图的流程和方法,介绍了宗地图所用到的3个软件的优点,并说明了南方CASS8.0、清华山维(EPS)和ARCGIS9.3三个软件制图的内容、格式等。 相似文献
86.
There are rising concerns about the hazardous effects of heavy metals on the environment. In this study, comet assay and DNA alkaline unwinding assay were conducted on the tissues (gills, hepatopancreas, and hemocytes) of Charybdis japonica in order to illustrate genotoxicity of three heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+) on the marine crabs C. japonica. The crabs were exposed to Cu2+ (10, 50, and 100 ?g.L?1), Pb2+ (50, 250, and 500 ?g L?1) and Cd2+ (5, 25, and 50 ?g L?1), and the tissues were sampled at days 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 15. DNA alkaline unwinding assay was used for testing the DNA single strand break in gills and hepatopancreas and comet assay was employed for testing the DNA damage in hemocytes. The results showed that the DNA damage (F-value) of gills in the crabs exposed to the three heavy metals was decreased gradually during the exposure periods and there was a dose-time response relationship in certain time, suggesting that the levels of DNA single strand break in all the experimental groups increased significantly compared to the controls. Changes of F-value in hepatopancreas of the crabs exposed to the three heavy metals were similar to those in gills except that the peak values were found in the 500 ?g L?1 Pb2+ treatment group at day 3 and the 50 ?g L?1 Cd2+ treatment group at day 9. The ranks of DNA damage in gills and hepatopancreas induced by the three heavy metal ions (50 ?g L?1, day 15) were Cd2+ >Pb2+ >Cu2+ and Pb2+ >Cu2+ >Cd2+. The levels of DNA damage in gills were higher than those in hepatopancreas in the same experimental group. It can be concluded that indices of DNA damage can be used as the potential biomarkers of heavy metal pollution in marine environment. 相似文献
87.
《台湾海峡》2011,(4):595-596
论文与报告基于连续沥取的富钴结壳成凶机制的探讨………………………………………………………………………………蔡毅华,黄奕普,邢娜(1)饥饿对斜带石斑鱼稚鱼胃肠道内分泌细胞的形态、定位和分布密度的影响…………………………………………………翁幼竹,方永强(10)地芽孢杆菌属DYth03DNA聚合酶基因的克隆、表达及性质分析……………………………………………………罗淑娅,李侃,徐丽美(17)杂色鲍血蓝蛋白HtHI基因第16内含子SNP密度的分析…………………………………………梁翠,陈军,游伟伟,王德祥,柯才焕(21)大亚湾大鹏澳海域表层沉积物中浮游植物休眠体集群的季节变化…………………………………………付永虎,王朝晖,康伟,杨宇峰(27) 相似文献
88.
89.
Separation and relationship of ten marine scuticociliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) using RAPD fingerprinting method 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
On the basis of the random amplified polymorphic DNA-fingerprinting (RAPD) method, 10 morphospecies of scuticociliates from 7 genera, including 15 clones of 13 strains, Uronema marinum, Uronema cf marinum, Parauronema virginianum, P. longum, Metanophrys similis, M. sinensis, Paralembus digitiformis, Mesanophrys carcini, Paranophrys magna and Cohnilernbus verrninus were analysed using 8 oligonucleotide primers. The genetic similarity among the clones of the same strain measured by a band-sharing index is 0.97~0.98,while 0.40-4).52 among strains. This value measured is 0.39~0.46 among congeners of the same genus, whereas 0.16~0.47 between different genera. A distance tree was constructed based on 8-primer analysis, in which the scuticociliates investigated were separated into two clusters: one consists of 2 genera, Uronema and Parauronema, and the other was composed of five, Metanophrys, Mestmophrys,Paranophrys, Paralembus and Cohnilembus. It is demonstrated also that the morphospecies Parauronema virginianurn may be a species-complex, i. e., it contains different genospecies. 相似文献
90.
荒漠植物白刺总DNA提取及鉴定 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
荒漠植物白刺含有较多的多糖、酚类等次生代谢物,用常规的CTAB、SDS等方法难以获得高质量的总DNA。针对这一问题探索出一种适合白刺属植物总DNA提取的方法。其特点是在裂解细胞膜之前,首先用无CTAB缓冲液进行两次多糖、酚类等次生代谢物的抽提;加大CTAB浓度,用3×CTAB作为裂解液;在用异丙醇沉淀DNA之前,用高浓度NaCl再次分离多糖。用这种方法我们对分布于甘肃的四种白刺属植物的总DNA进行了提取,开展了与总DNA相关的PCR扩增和其他遗传学分析,并取得满意的结果。 相似文献