A new solution for a partially penetrating constant‐rate pumping well with a finite‐thickness skin     

Pin‐Yuan Chiu  Hund‐Der Yeh  Shaw‐Yang Yang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2007,31(15):1659-1674

A mathematical model describing the constant pumping is developed for a partially penetrating well in a heterogeneous aquifer system. The Laplace‐domain solution for the model is derived by applying the Laplace transforms with respect to time and the finite Fourier cosine transforms with respect to vertical co‐ordinates. This solution is used to produce the curves of dimensionless drawdown versus dimensionless time to investigate the influences of the patch zone and well partial penetration on the drawdown distributions. The results show that the dimensionless drawdown depends on the hydraulic properties of the patch and formation zones. The effect of a partially penetrating well on the drawdown with a negative patch zone is larger than that with a positive patch zone. For a single‐zone aquifer case, neglecting the effect of a well radius will give significant error in estimating dimensionless drawdown, especially when dimensionless distance is small. The dimensionless drawdown curves for cases with and without considering the well radius approach the Hantush equation (Advances in Hydroscience. Academic Press: New York, 1964) at large time and/or large distance away from a test well. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Five dimensional universe model with variable cosmological term Λ and a big bounce     

G. S. Khadekar  Vaishali Kamdi  Anirudh Pradhan  Saeed Otarod 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,310(1-2):141-147

We assume the four dimensional induced matter of the 5D Ricci flat bouncing cosmological solution contains a perfect fluid. The big bounce singularity of simple 5D cosmological model is studied with the cosmological term Λ=α ρ and Λ=β H ² where α and β are constants and ρ and H are respectively energy density and Hubble parameter. This big bounce singularity is found to be an event horizon at which the scale factor and mass density of the universe are finite, while the pressure is infinite.   相似文献   

中国区域DMSP-OLS与NPP-VIIRS夜间灯光影像校正     

关靖云  李东  王亚菲  王新芸 《测绘通报》2021,(9):1-8

本文基于对传统不变目标区域校正法的改进,选择4期辐射定标参考影像对DMSP-OLS影像进行了饱和校正与时间序列连续性校正。通过阈值法去除了NPP-VIIRS影像的背景噪声及异常值,利用对数变换压缩了其灯光辐射值的动态范围,使其亮度分布更接近于DMSP-OLS数据。利用BiDoseResp函数模型对NPP-VIIRS影像进行了一致性校正,获得了1992-2019年长时间序列夜间灯光影像。从定性、定量及校正影像与社会经济参量的相关性方面对校正结果进行了精度验证。结果表明,改进后的校正方法改善了DMSP-OLS影像饱和严重的现象,使其获得了长时间序列纵向可比性。BiDoseResp函数模型可以很好地拟合DMSP-OLS和对数变换后的NPP-VIIRS之间的回归。校正后的长时间序列灯光影像数据与社会经济参量高度契合。校正结果对推广长时间序列夜间灯光影像的广泛应用、深化长时间序列科学问题的研究具有重要价值。  相似文献   

高精度温度采集系统设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

余德亮  魏威  蒋涌  黄兆富 《气象科技》2015,43(3):440-443

针对高精度温度采集的需求,设计了一个以低功耗单片机MSP430F149作为核心处理器,以PT100铂电阻为传感器的温度采集系统。为了提高系统的复用性,采用精密电阻法,从硬件设计上消除了恒流源电流漂移以及A/D转换电路参考电压精度对温度测量数据的影响。重点描述了系统设计方案,详细说明了恒流源选择的原则、电流偏差的消除以及AD7792转换器的操作步骤。实验结果表明,温度测量精度优于0.1 ℃。对比试验表明,系统稳定性良好,已应用于业务产品中。  相似文献   

太阳辐照的观测研究进展     

徐景晨  李可军 《天文学进展》2011,29(2):132-147

太阳总辐照是指在地球大气层顶接收到的太阳总辐射照度,也叫"太阳常数",但它实际上并非常数。太阳总辐照随波长的分布即为太阳分光辐照。太阳辐照变化的研究,对理解太阳表面及内部活动的物理过程、机制,研究地球大气、日地关系,解决人类面临的全球气候变暖的挑战等,都具有重要意义。首先简单介绍了太阳辐照,回顾了太阳辐照的空间观测;接着介绍了观测数据的并合,以及对合成数据的一些研究;然后讨论了太阳辐照变化的原因,简述了太阳总辐照的重构及其在气候研究上的一些应用,并进行必要的评论;最后对未来的研究方向提出了一些看法。  相似文献   

Characteristics of shallow geothermal fields in major cities of Tibet Autonomous Region     

YANG Hai-jun  DONG Jian-xing  SUN Dong  HUANG Rui 《地下水科学与工程》2014,7(1):77-85

Based on the project titled “Investigation and evaluation of shallow geothermal energy in major cities of Tibet Autonomous Region”, the distribution characteristics and occurrence conditions of shallow geothermal fields in these cities were introduced in this paper. To this end, relevant data in Lhasa, Shigatse and Nyingchi Cities through vertical thermometry was a focus, so as to analyze groundwater temperature and the distribution law of strata with constant temperature. Then through comprehensive comparisons and analysis of the relationship between groundwater temperature and climate, differences in this aspect of Nagqu City were taken as a typical case to clarify formation of geothermal field and corresponding influence on groundwater temperature, furthermore providing basic data for rational development and utilization of shallow geothermal energy in Tibet Autonomous Region.  相似文献   

56m深TRD工法搅拌墙在深厚承压含水层中的成墙试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王卫东  翁其平  陈永才 《岩土力学》2014,35(11):3247-3252

上海国际金融中心项目基坑面积约为48 860m2,开挖深度为26.5²7.9m,周边环境复杂。为控制抽降承压水对周边环境的影响,经方案比选,基坑周边设置厚700mm、深56m等厚度水泥土搅拌墙(TRD)作为承压水悬挂隔水帷幕。在上海地区施工如此深TRD墙体尚属首例,为此现场开展了试成墙试验,试成墙监测表明,墙身在深厚承压含水层中水泥土强度达到0.8427.9m,周边环境复杂。为控制抽降承压水对周边环境的影响,经方案比选,基坑周边设置厚700mm、深56m等厚度水泥土搅拌墙(TRD)作为承压水悬挂隔水帷幕。在上海地区施工如此深TRD墙体尚属首例,为此现场开展了试成墙试验,试成墙监测表明,墙身在深厚承压含水层中水泥土强度达到0.84¹.38 MPa。室内渗透性试验表明,渗透系数由10-3cm/s提高到10-7cm/s,满足隔水帷幕设计要求;墙体施工期间,地表最大沉降约8mm,主要影响范围约5m;土体侧向位移主要产生在距离墙体5m的范围内,TRD墙体施工对周边环境影响很小。试验墙体的顺利实施为后续正式墙体的施工提供了依据,也为类似工程提供了重要参考。  相似文献   

常加速度模型的简化自协方差最小二乘法     

林旭  罗志才  姚朝龙 《测绘学报》2014,43(11):1144-1150

“当前”统计模型自适应算法并非真正意义上的自适应目标跟踪算法,其性能与其中关键参数的选择有着直接的关系。本文以常加速度模型对机动载体进行建模,顾及其状态噪声协方差矩阵满足特定结构,提出了简化的自协方差最小二乘噪声协方差估计方法,该方法通过建立新息的相关函数序列与未知噪声协方差矩阵间的函数模型,并结合最小二乘法进行噪声协方差估计。数值仿真结果表明,当载体进行阶跃加速度运动或变加速度运动时,本文所提方法的目标跟踪精度均优于“当前”统计模型自适应算法。  相似文献   

基于包络检波和STFT谱分析的探地雷达土壤分层信息识别     

李俐  付雪  崔佳  张超  朱德海  吴克宁 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(2):316-327

土壤分层信息,特别是表土层结构,对土地生产力具有重要影响,是评价土壤质量的一个重要指标。为了快速、准确地获取土壤分层信息,本文利用探地雷达对分层土壤进行了回波信号采集,并分别在时域和频域分析土壤层位置和层厚信息。首先在信号预处理的基础上,借助包络检波方法确定在土壤分层界面在时域上的位置;然后获取电磁波速度,得到土壤分层厚度。考虑到土壤介电常数与电磁波在土壤中传播速度的相关性,采用短时傅里叶变换方法（Short-time Fourier Transform,STFT）获取各土壤层时频域特征值,并利用回归分析建立特征值与介电常数之间的数学关系,实现对各土壤层的介电常数估算,从而计算出电磁波传播速度,进而确定土壤各层厚度。为验证算法的有效性,分别对理想模拟实验环境和农田环境进行了探地雷达实验,结果表明利用包络检波对探地雷达回波信息进行分析,土壤层检出率达到94.5%,借助STFT谱分析进行探地雷达回波速度估计,对于70 cm深度以上土层厚度计算误差大都保持在10%以下,但随着土壤深度的增加,误差变大。总体来说,本方法能有效识别浅层土壤的分层信息,可应用于实际生产中耕层厚度的估测。  相似文献   

Effect of property variation and modelling on convection in a fluid overlying a porous layer     

B. Straughan 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2002,26(1):75-97

An accurate computational analysis is presented for the onset of thermal convection in a two‐layer system which is comprised of a saturated layer of porous material described by Darcy's law, over which lies a layer of the same saturating fluid. The two‐layer system is heated from below and the upper (fluid) surface is allowed to be fixed or stress free. The onset of convection may have a bi‐modal nature in which convection may be dominated by the porous medium or by the fluid depending on the depths of the relative layers, but this is strongly controlled by material parameters. The effect of variation of relevant fluid and porous material properties is investigated in detail, as is the effect of the interface boundary condition between the fluid and the porous medium. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献