青藏高原北羌塘新生代高钾钙碱岩系火山岩角闪石类型有痕量元素地球化学   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12  

赖绍聪  伊海生等 《岩石学报》2002,18(1):17-24

利用电子探针和激光探针剥蚀系统（LA－ICP－MS）对北羌塘新第三纪高钾钙碱岩系英安岩中角闪石的主元素和微量、角闪石强烈富集Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Co、Ni等不相容亲铁元素，而相对亏损Th、U、Pb、Rb等强不相容的大离子亲石元素。稀土元素丰度高，且无Eu异常，批示北羌塘这套高钾钙碱岩系火山岩可能是青藏高原加厚的相当于榴辉岩相物质组成的下部陆壳脱水熔融的产物。  相似文献   

湘西南高涧群的地球化学特征及其意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吴湘滨  戴塔根等 《岩石学报》2001,17(4):653-662

湘西南高涧群主要是一套浅变质沉积碎屑岩系，由变质泥岩、板岩和变质粉砂岩组成，原岩颗粒小。变质作用对岩石化学成分没有大的改变,岩石具有相近的风化蚀变指数（平均CIA＝75）风化蚀变矿物主要为伊利石－白云母－蒙脱石组合。主要化学成分反映沉积物来源于中性和基性火成岩区。浅变质沉积岩中大多数微量元素亏损，元素Cu,Zn,Co,Ti,Cr等在研究区的南部和北部具有相似的共生组合。并且稀土元素的分布模式基本相同，稀土的总量与岩性有关。上述特点显示了高涧群沉积物来源相同，亲石元素共生组合相似；Au,Ag,As,Sb,Sr,Ba等存在一定的分异，Ba/Co比值，Sr/Ba比值和δCe值表明，它是主要在浅深海－深海相还原环境下的产物。  相似文献   

High-Mg potassic rocks from Taiwan: implications for the genesis of orogenic potassic lavas   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

Sun-Lin Chung  Kuo-Lung Wang  Anthony J. Crawford  V. S. Kamenetsky  Cheng-Hong Chen  Ching-Ying Lan  Chang-Hwa Chen 《Lithos》2001,59(4):153-170

Taiwan is an active mountain belt formed by oblique collision between the Luzon arc and the Asian continent. Regardless of the ongoing collision in central and southern Taiwan, a post-collisional extension regime has developed since the Plio–Pleistocene in the northern part of this orogen, and led to generation of the Northern Taiwan Volcanic Zone. Emplaced at 0.2 Ma in the southwest of the Volcanic Zone, lavas from the Tsaolingshan volcano are highly magnesian (MgO≈15 wt.%) and potassic (K₂O≈5 wt.%; K₂O/Na₂O≈1.6–3.0). Whereas these basic rocks (SiO₂≈48 wt.%) have relatively low Al₂O₃≈12 wt.%, total Fe₂O₃≈7.5 wt.% and CaO≈7.2 wt.%, they are extremely enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE, e.g. Cs, Rb, Ba, Th and U). The Rb and Cs abundances, >1000 and 120 ppm, respectively, are among the highest known from terrestrial rocks. In addition, these rocks are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE), depleted in high field strength elements (HFSE), and display a positive Pb spike in the primitive mantle-normalized variation diagram. Their REE distribution patterns mark with slight Eu negative anomalies (Eu/Eu*≈0.90–0.84), and Sr and Nd isotope ratios are uniform (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr≈0.70540–0.70551; ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd≈0.51268–0.51259). Olivine, the major phenocryst phase, shows high Fo contents (90.4±1.8; 1σ deviation), which are in agreement with the whole rock Mg-values (83–80). Spinel inclusions in olivine are characterized by high Cr/Cr+Al ratios (0.94–0.82) and have compositions similar to those from boninites that originate from highly refractory peridotites. Such petrochemical characteristics are comparable to the Group I ultrapotassic rocks defined by Foley et al. [Earth-Sci. Rev. 24 (1987) 81], such as orogenic lamproites from central Italy, Span and Tibet. We therefore suggest that the Tsaolingshan lavas resulted from a phlogopite-bearing harzburgitic source in the lithospheric mantle that underwent a recent metasomatism by the nearby Ryukyu subduction zone processes. The lavas exhibit unique incompatible trace element ratios, with Rb/Cs≈8, Ba/Rb≈1, Ce/Pb≈2, Th/U≈1 and Nb/U≈0.8, which are significantly lower than the continental crust values and those of most mantle-derived magmas. Nonmagmatic enrichment in the mantle source is therefore required. Based on published experimental data, two subduction-related metasomatic components, i.e., slab-released hydrous fluid and subducted sediment, are proposed, and the former is considered to be more pervasive for causing the extraordinary trace element ratios observed. Our observations lend support to the notion that dehydration from subducting slabs at convergent margins, as a continuing process through geologic time, can account for the fractionation of these elemental pairs between the Earth's crust and mantle.  相似文献   

安徽钱桥-象山角闪石堆晶岩岩石学和地球化学特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邱瑞龙 《岩石学报》1992,(3)

安微钱桥-象山角闪石堆晶岩是由相当于低硅闪长岩中暗色微粒包体的玄武质岩浆在9.24～12.77km深度和高水压条件下结晶分离作用堆晶形成的。残余的低硅闪长质熔体将它们携带到浅部侵位。结晶分离形成这种堆晶岩的岩浆是玄武质的,可能是由地幔岩中等程度部分熔融形成的拉斑玄武质岩石经再次熔融形成的。  相似文献   

新疆可可托海地区花岗岩的特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

康旭  王淑珍 《岩石学报》1992,8(4):399-404

  相似文献   

亚热带山地土壤的地球化学特征及其与新构造运动的关系   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

吴次芳  陆景冈等 《地理学报》1992,47(1):6-11

对亚热带峨眉山、天目山和凤阳山的列样品研究表明，高、低海拔土壤在矿质风化与淋溶、氧化铁富集与转化、粘粒矿物类型及分布等方面均酷为相似，而这些地球化学特性在相同温差水平带的土壤上却有明显区别，由此推算的新构造运动强度与前人研究结构基本一致。这对阐明山地土壤的发生分类及拓宽新构造运动研究方法等有一定参与价值。  相似文献   

滇西墨江西部石炭、二叠纪火山岩   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

周德进  徐平 《地质科学》1992,(3):249-259

墨江西部出露有石炭纪和晚二叠世两套火山岩,它们呈平行的两条带分布。石炭纪火山岩以拉斑玄武岩为主,少量流纹岩,它们是由上地幔源区10%部分熔融形成的原始岩浆,经橄榄石、辉石和斜长石不同程度结晶分异作用形成。其喷发环境可能是一个发育在大陆边缘的张性海盆地。晚二叠世火山岩较为复杂,熔岩与火山碎屑岩交互发育,熔岩主要属于拉斑系列,还含有少量钙碱性系列岩石;形成于陆缘火山弧环境。  相似文献   

闽西震旦系上统变质火山岩的地球化学特征及其大地构造背景     

朱玉磷 《岩石学报》1995,11(3):343-351

福建西部震旦系上统变质火山岩属钙碱性系列。ＲＥＥ分布模式均呈向右倾斜的曲线，具Ｅｕ负异常，富集大离子系亲石元素和亏损地幔岩相容元素，（８６）Ｓｒ／（８７）Ｓｒ初始值０．７１０５～０．７１２６，显示陆壳重熔生成的岩浆特点。它们是在浙南－闽西北加里东期挤压碰增造山作用中陆壳重熔岩浆上升喷发产物。  相似文献   

Prediction method of sand-movement direction in water by geochemical elements     

K. Mizumura  T. Nishimoto  H. Tsutsui  T. Yamamoto 《Environmental Geology》1995,25(2):100-108

The analysis of sand samples by x-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF) gives the ratio of the geochemical elements to construct the sand samples. The x-ray analysis therefore shows the geochemical characteristics of sand in the sampled area. In this study, sand is sampled on coasts and rivers of the Noto Peninsula to determine the geochemical elements and to show the geological characteristics that occur, especially iron and calcium. The experiments show the effect of rivers and Kotogahama beach on iron and calcium, respectively. Applying the method of ratio matching to the measured data of the geochemical elements, the direction of movement of sand on the coast is determined by considering the correlation matrix and the ratio of geochemical elements between sand samples at two locations. The predominant longshore direction movement of sand offshore in the study area is from south to north. Sand in rivers is not directly transported to adjacent beaches; however, offshore sand is transported to beaches. The estimated direction of movement of sand longshore near coastal structures agrees with observations. The proposed method to predict the direction of movement of sand gives the correct one in comparison with the observed data in rivers.  相似文献   

广西晚古生代硅岩的地球化学及其形成的大地构造环境   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

王忠诚  邝国敦 《岩石学报》1995,11(4):449-455

广西晚古生代泥盆、石炭纪和二叠纪地层中广泛发育放射虫硅岩，在桂西百色、那坡一带这些地层中的硅岩与玄武岩伴生。而钦州、柳州及河池一带未见到玄武岩。对这些地区硅岩的主元素、微量元素及稀土元素的研究表明：不同地区的硅岩有不同的成因，百色、那坡地区的硅岩形成在深水远洋环境并受到海底火山及热液作用的影响；钦州板城地区的硅岩以生物成因为主；而柳州、河池的硅岩属于离火山、热液活动稍远的生物成因。玄武岩的发现及硅岩成因的判别对探讨广西晚古生代大地构造环境及演化具有重要意义。  相似文献