岩溶地下水样品Ca2+、HCO3-野外测试值与实验室测试值对比研究     

周长松  邹胜章  朱丹尼  谢浩  陈宏峰  俞建国 《中国岩溶》2017,36(5):684-690

为了阐明岩溶区地下水中Ca2+、HCO3-质量浓度野外测试与实验室测试结果间的差异,于2011年至2013年先后在遵义、河池、娄底3个城市采集枯、丰水期地下水样品85组,通过比值法对3个地区干湿季节岩溶地下水样中Ca2+、HCO3-质量浓度野外与实验室测试结果进行对比。结果表明:85组样品中有88.2%的采样点存在Ca2+野外值（CaY）大于实验值（CaS）,64.7%的采样点存在HCO3-的野外值(HCO3Y)大于实验值（HCO3S); (CaY/ CaS)平均值为1.11,主要集中在1.0～1.2之间(占总数的70%);(HCO3Y/ HCO3S) 平均值为1.02,主要集中在0.95～1.1之间(占总数的75%)。野外滴定过程中的人为随机误差是造成两种离子质量浓度野外测试值普遍高于实验室测试值的主要原因。   相似文献   

辽西义县晚白垩世大兴庄组流纹岩的地球化学特征及其成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李伍平 《地球科学》2011,36(3):429-439

辽西义县晚白垩世大兴庄组流纹岩具有埃达克质火山岩的特征.这些流纹岩SiO₂≥68.62%、Al₂O₃≥14.40%、MgO < 1.2%(Mg# < 0.45)、Sr＞360μg/g、Yb < 1.1μg/g、Y < 12μg/g、La/Yb＞40、Sr/Y≥39和Nb/Ta＞17.5;轻稀土元素富集, 重稀土元素和高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti)明显亏损, 轻重稀土元素强烈分馏, 具有弱的负铕异常; Nd、Sr同位素具有较低的143Nd/144Nd(0.511376~0.511441, ε_Nd(t)=-23.45~-22.16)和适中的87Sr/86Sr(0.7073~0.7074, ε_Sr(t)=32.38~32.8)比值, 具有富集地幔端员(EMI)特点.这些特征表明, 大兴庄组流纹质岩浆起源于较厚下地壳榴辉岩部分融熔, 也说明中生代晚期局部仍残留较厚的下地壳, 这为进一步理解燕山造山带中生代到新生代岩石圈减薄提供了重要信息.   相似文献   

白垩纪快速气候变化研究新进展——温室世界中的冰川证据     

陈曦  王成善  黄永建 《现代地质》2011,25(3):409-418

白垩纪被认为是两极无冰的典型温室气候时期,但近年来对于白垩纪存在短暂冰川甚至是极地冰盖的猜想引起了越来越多的关注。根据前人提出的冰川或气候变冷证据,如冰川遗迹、全球海平面快速下降事件以及δ18O正偏事件等,总结了白垩纪可能存在冰川的时期,包括Berriasian Valanginian之间、Valanginian晚期、Barremiana期、Aptian Albian之交、Albian Cenomanian之交、Cenomanian中期和末期、Turonian中期、Coniacian中期、Santonian早期、Campanian晚期、Campanian Maastrichtian之交和Maastrichtian末期等。对这些证据的有效性进行详细的讨论,同时也对白垩纪冰川的可能成因进行探讨。笔者认为,白垩纪即便存在冰川,也是小规模、短暂地存在,因此,精确的年代学约束是进行白垩纪冰川研究的前提;米兰科维奇旋回控制下的气候波动是白垩纪形成短暂冰川的可能成因。  相似文献   

天山北麓山地-绿洲-荒漠生态系统净初级生产力空间分布格局及其季节变化   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张杰  潘晓玲 《干旱区地理》2010,33(1)

以天山北麓总面积达93 936 km~2的山地-绿洲-荒漠生态样带为例,利用生态-遥感光能利用率模型NPP-PEM,使用1 km分辨率SPOT/VEGETATION遥感等数据资料,估算了生态样带净初级生产力(NPP)空间分布及其季节变化.结果表明山地-绿洲-荒漠生态样带平均NPP为161.06 g C·m~(-2)·a~(-1),样带陆地生态系统年总碳吸收量或年总NPP累积量为15.081 Tg C(1Tg=10~(12)g),其中绿洲农田、山地草甸草原、平原荒漠草原和山地森林对的碳吸收贡献率分别为32.67%、28.16%、12.41%和9.15%.夏季是各类生态系统NPP增加量最大的季节,而沙漠由于早春短命植被覆盖而具有生长双峰现象.样带NPP空间分布及其季相变化特征是自然环境、地貌、气候以及人类生产活动长期共同作用和影响的结果,其中水热条件和基质是控制干旱区陆地生态系统NPP空间格局的决定因子.结果检验表明模拟效果较为合理,证明NPP-PEM模型在干旱生态系统的应用是可行的.研究为干旱区陆地生态系统碳循环研究开辟了途径,可为干旱区生态系统评估、监测和管理提供研究方法和参考依据.  相似文献   

表层岩溶地下水出露地表后的脱气作用——以重庆市南川区柏树湾表层岩溶泉溪流为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周小萍  沈立成  王鹏  徐尚全  林明珠 《中国岩溶》2011,30(4):432-436

以重庆市南川区柏树湾表层岩溶泉溪流为例,沿柏枝溪流程以一定间距监测水体中HCO3-的浓度及其pH、电导率、溶解氧等水化学参数,并初步探究溪流水的脱气效应。结果显示(1)表层岩溶地下水出露地表后,HCO3-浓度沿流程呈现出递减的规律;(2)HCO3-浓度递减的快慢反映了脱气作用的强弱,溪流脱气速率具有“枯水期>平水期>丰水期”的特点;(3)暴雨期间由于稀释效应HCO3-浓度递减趋势不明显,但降雨后期,递减又开始逐渐产生;(4)脱气效应在造成溪流水HCO3-浓度减小的同时,也导致电导率(EC)沿柏枝溪流程逐渐降低,而pH值逐渐升高;(5)沿途溶解氧(DO)昼夜变化表明,水生生物作用对脱气作用可能也有一定的影响,但其影响机制还有待进一步的研究。   相似文献   

‘Thailand was a desert' during the mid‐Cretaceous: Equatorward shift of the subtropical high‐pressure belt indicated by eolian deposits (Phu Thok Formation) in the Khorat Basin,northeastern Thailand     

Hitoshi Hasegawa  Suvapak Imsamut  Punya Charusiri  Ryuji Tada  Yu Horiuchi  Ken‐Ichiro Hisada 《Island Arc》2010,19(4):605-621

The Tibetan Plateau is a key factor in controlling the present‐day climate and atmospheric circulation pattern in Asia. The pattern of atmospheric circulation after the uplift of the plateau is well known, whereas direct evidence is lacking regarding the nature of the circulation pattern prior to the uplift. The distribution of desert directly reflects the position of the subtropical high‐pressure belt, and the prevailing surface‐wind pattern recorded in desert deposits reveals the position of its divergence axis. Cretaceous eolian sandstone of the Phu Thok Formation is extensively exposed in the northern Khorat Basin, northeastern Thailand. We conducted a sedimentological study on this formation to reconstruct temporal changes in the latitude of the subtropical high‐pressure belt in low‐latitude Asia during the Cretaceous. Spatio‐temporal changes in the paleo‐wind directions recorded in the Phu Thok Formation reveal that the Khorat Basin mainly belonged to the northeast trade wind belt and subtropical high‐pressure belt was situated to the north of the Khorat Basin during the initial stages of deposition, shifted southward to immediately above the basin during the main phase of deposition, and then shifted northward again to the north of the basin during the final stages of deposition. The paleomagnetic polarity sequence obtained for the Phu Thok Formation comprises three zones of normal polarity and two of reversed polarity, correlating to chrons M1n to C34n of the geomagnetic polarity time scale. This result suggests that the Phu Thok Formation is mid‐Cretaceous in age (from c. 126 Ma to c. 99–93 Ma), similar to the age of eolian sandstone in the Sichuan Basin, southern China (the Jiaguan Formation). These results, in combination with paleo‐wind direction data, suggest the development of low‐latitude desert and an equatorward shift of the subtropical high‐pressure belt (relative to the present‐day) in Asia during the mid‐Cretaceous.  相似文献   

A Late Cretaceous mammalian dentary from the Ashizawa Formation (Futaba Group), Fukushima,northeastern Japan          下载免费PDF全文

Nao Kusuhashi  Tadashi Suzuki  Kazuaki Terui  Atsushi Sato  Romain Amiot 《Island Arc》2016,25(6):403-409

A mammalian dentary discovered in the Coniacian Ashizawa Formation (Fukushima, northeastern Japan) is described. The specimen is a fragment of the horizontal ramus of a left edentulous dentary with five alveoli, the distal four of which are plugged with broken roots. Based on the morphologies of the dentary and the roots, it is considered to be of a therian mammal. This constitutes the first discovery of a Mesozoic mammal in northeastern Japan and highlights the potential for future mammal discoveries in the Cretaceous System in northeastern Japan, which will be significant for disclosure of the mammalian faunal evolution in East Asia during the Late Cretaceous.  相似文献   

Isolated Archosaur teeth from the green sandstone capping the Coralline Limestone (Bagh Group) of the Narmada valley: Evidence for the presence of pre‐Late to Late Maastrichtian abelisaurids in India          下载免费PDF全文

Guntupalli V.R. Prasad  Vishal Verma  Pooja Grover  Rajkumari Priyadarshini  Ashok Sahni  Ranjit S. Lourembam 《Island Arc》2016,25(6):410-420

Recent field prospecting in the Cretaceous sequences of the lower Narmada valley has led to the discovery of three isolated archosaur teeth from the upper part of marine Cretaceous rocks of the Bagh Group. The specimens were recovered by surface prospecting from an oyster‐bearing green sandstone bed occurring at the top of the Coralline Limestone (Coniacian) from a site near Phutibawri village, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh, India. Of the three teeth recovered from this horizon, two are identified with abelisaurid dinosaurs and the third one with an indeterminate crocodile. The abelisaurid teeth conform to the premaxillary and maxillary tooth morphology of Majungasaurus and Indosuchus. Earlier reports of abelisaurid dinosaurs from India are from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Lameta Group of Jabalpur, Pisdura (Central India) and Balasinor (Western India) and Upper Cretaceous (Late Maastrichtian) Kallamedu Formation (South India). As no associated age diagnostic fossils are found, the specimens described here are considered to represent pre‐Late to Late Maastrichtian age based on the known ages of the underlying and overlying formations. The new finds, therefore, document stratigraphically the oldest occurrence of abelisaurid dinosaurs known from the Indian subcontinent.  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地贝西斜坡多级坡折带对油气圈闭的控制作用          下载免费PDF全文

王夏斌  姜在兴  袁帅 《高校地质学报》2016,22(2):360

坡折带对陆相湖盆岩性地层圈闭的发育具有控制作用。海拉尔盆地贝西斜坡具有坡折带地貌特点,研究其特征和成 因以及对沉积相和岩性地层圈闭的控制模式对该区的下步勘探具有重要意义。根据贝西斜坡坡折带的成因机制,将其划分 为断裂坡折、挠曲坡折、沉积坡折和侵蚀坡折。根据坡折带位置与洼槽区的关系,将贝西坡折带坡折分为：内坡折带、中 坡折带和外坡折带。外坡折带主要发育侵蚀坡折,控制着地层超覆圈闭带;中坡折带主要发育断裂坡折和挠曲坡折,控制 着断块-岩性复合圈闭带;内坡折带主要发育沉积坡折,控制着透镜状岩性圈闭带。  相似文献   

内蒙古林西朝阳沟早白垩世花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

万乐  刘正宏  李刚  辛后田 《地质与资源》2016,25(1):1-10

林西县朝阳沟地区位于华北板块与西伯利亚板块之间的兴蒙造山带的东部.朝阳沟花岗岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,岩体的侵位时间为早白垩世（126.2±2.5 Ma）.地球化学分析显示,该花岗岩体具有富硅（SiO₂=68.5%~72.1%）、铝（Al₂O₃=14.05%~14.95%）、碱（K₂O+Na₂O=8.34%~10.03%）和Fe₂O（3 2.27%~4.15%）的特点,属于准铝质碱性花岗岩系列;A/CNK=0.97~1.09,Mg^#值较高,为12.66~15.02;稀土配分曲线呈明显的右倾型,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显;具有显著的Eu负异常和Ba、Ta、Nb、Sr、P、Ti亏损,富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素.在（Yb+Nb）-Rb判别图解和R1-R2判别图解中,样品全部落于后碰撞花岗岩区和造山晚期花岗岩区.结合区域地质背景,认为该岩体形成于后碰撞伸展构造环境中.  相似文献