微生物矿化成因的铁硫酸盐矿物表面特征初探   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  

陆现彩  陆建军  朱长见  刘显东  王汝成  李奇  徐兆文 《高校地质学报》2005,11(2):194-198

研究表明，生物一矿物相互作用是地球表层系统演化的重要地质营力之一。微生物与矿物岩石之间进行着活跃的物质交换，微生物通过营造微观地球化学环境和提供吸附、成核中心影响着矿物的溶解和结晶，其中生物一矿物界面是物质交换和化学反应最为活跃的场所，矿物表界面记录着丰富的微生物作用信息。在综述前人微生物一矿物相互作用界面研究的基础上，利用气体吸附技术，对比分析了微生物矿化成因和无机合成含水铁硫酸盐矿物的表面积、表面分形和表面吸附能特征，初步讨论了微生物矿化成因铁硫酸盐矿物的表面特征和控制机理。  相似文献   

Trace element fractionation during high-grade metamorphism and crustal melting—constraints from ion microprobe data of metapelitic, migmatitic and igneous garnets and implications for Sm–Nd garnet chronology     

S. Jung  E. Hellebrand 《Lithos》2006,87(3-4):193-213

Rare earth element (REE) and other trace element (Y, Sr, Ti, Cr, V, Na) abundances in garnet from a garnet-bearing metapelite, a pelitic migmatite, a syn-tectonic granite and a post-tectonic leucogranite were measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in order to identify the effective variables on the trace element distribution between garnet and the host rock. Garnet from the garnet-bearing metapelite, the pelitic migmatite and the syn-tectonic granite is zoned with respect to REE. The cores are enriched by a factor of 2–3 relative to the rims. For the garnets from the garnet-bearing metapelite equilibrium distribution following a simple Rayleigh fractionation is responsible for the decreasing concentrations in REE from core to rim. Garnet from the pelitic migmatite shows a more complex trace element pattern following distinct enrichment and depletion patterns for Ti, V, Cr and REE from core to rim. These features suggest disequilibrium between garnet and the associated melt in which the enrichment of trace elements probably correspond to a period of open-system behaviour in these rocks at a time when the garnet, originally nucleated in the metamorphic environment was incorporated into the melt. The garnet from the syn-tectonic granite shows stepwise decreasing concentrations in REE from core to rim: a REE-rich core can be distinguished from a broad REE-depleted rim. Notably, from core to rim an inflection of the Yb / Er and Yb / Dy ratios is visible. Whereas the decrease of HREE abundance in the core region of the garnet from the syn-tectonic granite may arise from equilibrium partitioning during garnet growth, the inflection can be interpreted as a result of partial melting. Garnet cores with high Yb / Er and Yb / Dy >  1 nucleated in the metamorphic environment without the presence of a melt whereas the rims with lower Yb / Er and Yb / Dy <  1 crystallized in the presence of a melt. Garnet from the leucogranite has lower REE abundances and is considered to be of igneous origin. In contrast to garnet from the other samples, its core has low trace element abundances, whereas its rim is significantly enriched in REE but depleted in Ti. These features suggest that only the outermost rim was in equilibrium with the melt. For this garnet, liquid diffusion controlled partitioning is more likely to explain the extreme trace element variation. An evaluation of Sm and Nd concentrations in garnet and a comparison of Sm–Nd and U–Pb garnet ages and U–Pb monazite ages form the terrane indicate that the observed LREE systematics in the different garnet species are a primary feature and are not homogenized by volume diffusion during high grade amphibolite facies conditions.  相似文献   

Multi-functional heat pulse probe measurements of coupled vadose zone flow and transport     

Annette P. Mortensen  Jan W. Hopmans  Yasushi Mori  Jirka Šimůnek 《Advances in water resources》2006

Simultaneous measurement of coupled water, heat, and solute transport in unsaturated porous media is made possible with the multi-functional heat pulse probe (MFHPP). The probe combines a heat pulse technique for estimating soil heat properties, water flux, and water content with a Wenner array measurement of bulk soil electrical conductivity (EC_bulk). To evaluate the MFHPP, we conducted controlled steady-state flow experiments in a sand column for a wide range of water saturations, flow velocities, and solute concentrations. Flow and transport processes were monitored continuously using the MFHPP. Experimental data were analyzed by inverse modeling of simultaneous water, heat, and solute transport using an adapted HYDRUS-2D model. Various optimization scenarios yielded simultaneous estimation of thermal, solute, and hydraulic parameters and variables, including thermal conductivity, volumetric water content, water flux, and thermal and solute dispersivities. We conclude that the MFHPP holds great promise as an excellent instrument for the continuous monitoring and characterization of the vadose zone.  相似文献   

利用实时监测软观察仪辅助可视通信系统的开发   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐彦彦  边学工  喻占武 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2002,27(1):52-56

在基于ISDN的H．320Videophone通信系统的开发过程中,介绍了利用软观察仪在确立系统软硬件分工、调整系统采用的算法、图像码率控制、码率统计及图像格式选取等方面的作用。  相似文献   

关于“数字江苏”建设的思考与研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶其江 《国土资源遥感》2002,13(3):1-4,8

“数字江苏”是江苏省21世纪重大信息化建设工程。本文论述了“数字江苏”建设的地位、作用及其现状与可行性。提出了“数字江苏”建设的总体思路、目标、主要内容及重视“数字江苏”重点应用示范工程建设和“数字江苏”建设应采取的主要保障与措施。  相似文献   

吉林省地质灾害及其防治的遥感应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王静  沈玉萍  刘福权  王松策  牛晓莉 《国土资源遥感》1998,9(4):86-91

应用遥感技术查明吉林省地震、崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷、地面沉降、地裂缝、水土流失、土地沙漠化、土地盐渍化及土地沼泽化等地质灾害的特点,分布状况及形成机制,探讨了防治与减灾对策。表明遥感方法在地质灾害的调查和监测方面,具有重要意义。  相似文献   

质子探针分析方法研究矿石中微细粒金的赋存状态——以皖中沙溪斑岩铜(金)矿床为例     

杨晓勇  王奎仁  戴小平  杨学明  孙立广 《高校地质学报》1998,(1)

本文应用先进的微束分析技术——质子探针分析方法对安徽中部沙溪斑岩铜（金）矿床中金的赋存状态进行系统的研究。结果表明,该斑岩铜（金）床中金的赋存状态以微细粒微米级的自然金形式存在,其载体矿物主要为黄铁矿和黄铜矿。本研究对斑岩铜（金）矿床中金的综合利用提供了理论上的依据,同时也为其它同类矿床中金的赋存状态提供了新的研究方法。  相似文献   

铁辉砷镍矿的电子探针研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

於晓晋  陈克樵 《岩矿测试》1997,16(3):211-216

借助电子探针、扫描电镜、Ｘ射线衍射等手段，研究了中、低温热液型金铜矿床中的铁辉砷镍矿。结果表明，该矿物由Ｎｉ、Ａｓ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ和Ｓ等元素组成。矿物的物理性质、光学性质和晶胞参数与辉砷镍矿相似或相近。  相似文献   

组合逻辑自动综合的超前试探法     

邓德祥  李玉林  钟诚东 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1997,(2)

自动逻辑综合是复杂组合电路设计中必须面对的问题之一。本文采用超前试探策略，在改进的Ｑ－Ｍ法基础上，提出了一个新的组合自动综合的新算法，该算法提高了运算速度，有较强的实用价值  相似文献   

煤层气井钻井液特点的探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

孙建平 《中国煤田地质》2003,15(4):61-62,71

煤层气参数井一般要求采用清水钻取煤心，生产井则主要采用无粘土钻井液、优质钻井液或清水施工。应用清水或无粘土钻井液钻井时，孔内产生的岩屑或岩粉进入煤储层后，会堵塞煤层裂隙或孔隙，降低煤层气产能。而应用优质钻井液钻进时，由于泥皮的过滤作用，能更好地保护煤层不受伤害，同时能降低钻井施工风险，确保井内安全。  相似文献