南海北部神狐区域 SH2 站位甲烷水合物成藏动力学模拟研究     

关进安  梁德青  万丽华  谷任国 《工程地质学报》2014,22(5):997-1002

南海北部神狐区域海底的高丰度水合物储层与生物成因为主的甲烷气源表明该区域很可能是一种特殊的复合型海洋水合物系统,其成藏动力学机制有待进一步的研究和澄清。建立了一个耦合沉积层地质属性-流体流动过程-水合物反应动力学的传输-反应模型,区别了两种不同类型的水合物形成(分解)动力学过程:(1)在通常情况下溶解甲烷和游离气共同形成水合物,(2)特殊情况下游离气直接生成水合物,结果表明在神狐海域热力学环境下游离气形成水合物速度比溶解甲烷快约4倍,气体含量和动力学常数比值越大生成水合物越快,而对比水合物分布的模拟结果与实测数据表明该区域水合物储层聚集和产状很可能受到了其他地质活动的影响。  相似文献   

A 7000-year record of environmental change,including early farming impact,based on lake-sediment geochemistry and pollen data from County Sligo,western Ireland     

Michael O'Connell  Beatrice Ghilardi  Liam Morrison 《Quaternary Research》2014

Detailed, chronologically tightly constrained, lake-sediment-based geochemical and pollen records have enabled local changes in soil erosion, woodland cover and composition, and prehistoric farming impact to be reconstructed in considerable detail. The profile opens shortly after 7800 BC when tall canopy trees were well-established and presumably in equilibrium with their environment. A distinct perturbation that involved an increase in pine and birch, a decrease in oak and a minor opening-up of the woodland is regarded as the local expression of the 8.2 ka climate anomaly. Lack of response in the geochemical erosional indicators is interpreted as evidence for drier conditions. A short-lived, over-compensation in climate recovery followed the 8.2 ka event. Neolithic farming impact is clearly expressed in both the pollen and geochemical data. Both datasets indicate that Neolithic impact was concentrated in the early Neolithic (3715–3440 BC). In the interval 3000–2700 BC there appears to have been a break in farming activity. The pollen data suggest substantially increased farming impact (both arable and pastoral) in the Bronze Age, with maximum farming and woodland clearances taking place in the late Bronze Age (1155–935 BC). These developments are poorly expressed in the geochemical record, possibly due to within-lake changes.  相似文献   

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND ITS IMPACTS ON HUMAN SETTLF, MENT IN THE CHANGJIANG RIVER DELTA IN NEOLITHIC AGE   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANGQiang LIUChun-ling ZHUCheng JIANGTong 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2004,14(3):239-244

Dating data, altitude of Neolithic sites, climatic changes from sedimentary records and previous research results were collected and analyzed to detect possible connections between climatic changes and human activities in the Changjiang River Delta in the Neolithic Age. The results indicated that hydrological changes greatly impacted the human activities in the study region. Low-lying geomorphology made the floods and sea level changes become the important factors affecting human activities, especially the altitude change of human settlements. People usually moved to higher places during the periods characterized by high sea level and frequent floods to escape the negative influences from water body expansion, which resulted in cultural hiatus in certain profiles. However, some higher-altitude settlements were not the results of climatic changes but the results of social factors, such as religious ceremony and social status. Therefore, further research will be necessary for the degree and types of impacts of climatic changes on human activities in the study area at that time.  相似文献   

Evidence for climatic variability and its impact on human development during the Neolithic from Loughmeenaghan,County Sligo,Ireland     

Susann Stolze  Walter Dörfler  Thomas Monecke  Oliver Nelle 《第四纪科学杂志》2012,27(4):393-403

High‐resolution pollen and geochemical analyses conducted on a sediment profile from a small lake in County Sligo, Ireland, revealed that human development during the Neolithic was influenced by pronounced climatic oscillations. The primeval woodland around the lake experienced a considerable transformation coinciding with the elm decline at 3810 BC. The subsequent increase in summer temperatures and decrease in precipitation favoured wheat cultivation in the lake's catchment area, which was practised for approximately 140 years. A shift towards pastoral farming took place with the establishment of exceptionally dry conditions between 3650 and 3560 BC, when lake level and influx of allochthonous material were notably low. The onset of cool and wet conditions at the transition from the Early to Middle Neolithic possibly caused the initial decline of human activity in the area. Periods of particularly high precipitation during the Middle and early Late Neolithic contributed to the abandonment of the area by the first farmers. Comparison of the proxy record from the study site with other palynological and archaeological records from Ireland suggests that climatic variability on the decadal to centennial scale represented a primary control on the nature and duration of farming practices during the Neolithic. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Study on founding of a residential–administrative complex in poor soil conditions in seismic prone region     

K. Talaganov  V. Sesov 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2000,20(5-8):429-434

This paper gives a brief presentation of the study on foundation of a residential business complex. The unfavourable geotechnical conditions of the site considered led to the need to improve the natural foundation soil. The most favourable and rational solution for providing safety and stability of structures was the combination of gravel and a sub-base. Computations were done as follows: analysis of the stress–strain state by using the parameters of the natural non-improved soil and analyses performed by using the parameters of the improved soil. The results from these analyses were used for analysis of the integral soil–structure system. Hence, complete information on the possibility for optimisation of the foundation structure was obtained.  相似文献   

云南天文台大气视宁度观测和初步探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

钱铜铃  李玉兰  尚琼珍  李景谦  许骏  岑学奋 《天文研究与技术》1996,(Z1)

介绍了为云南丽江高美古选址点作对比的云南天文台点的大气视宁度观测统计和结果，对观测过程中的有关问题作了初步探讨。对高美古和云南天文台的１９９５年５月和１９９５年１２月２０日观测资料作了对比，结果表明：高美古选址点的视宁度明显优于云南天文台。  相似文献   

Dating Neolithic rubble layers from Ba'ja and Basta sites in southern Jordan using luminescence     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

There is considerable evidence of widespread damage in the 7th millennium habitation sites across Jordan. The origins of this damage are unknown, but the most widely accepted hypothesis associates the resulting rubble and gravel deposits with the Holocene Rapid Climate Change. One way of testing the various hypotheses is to provide a more reliable chronology for the event(s) in question. In this study, we used quartz OSL and feldspar IRSL signals to date accumulative rubble layers at two archaeological sites in Southern Jordan; Ba'ja and Basta. By comparison with the OSL ages, the IRSL ages demonstrate that most of the quartz samples were sufficiently well bleached at deposition to provide accurate ages. Quartz ages show that deposition of the rubble layers took place in different episodes starting around 8.5 ka and 6.0 ka. Ages from Ba'ja site agree with the archaeological expectations of time of deposition. However, the results from Basta are younger than the archaeological expectations, which are based mainly on architectural style and stratigraphy.  相似文献   

首批国际地质科学联合会地质遗产地名录的诞生和意义     

张建平  金小赤 《地质论评》2022,68(6):2022112008-2022112008

2022年10月25至28日,国际地质科学联合会在西班牙Zumaia召开的“庆祝国际地质科学联合会成立60周年大会”上,正式向全球公布了国际地质科学联合会国际地球遗产委员会承担的国际地学计划（IGCP）731项目的成果之一：首批100个国际地质科学联合会地质遗产地名录,并发布了“国际地质科学联合会Zumaia宣言”,呼吁国际社会重视和关注地质遗产地的科学研究和保护管理,引起国际地学界和公众极大的关注。基于全程参与该项工作,本文系统介绍国际地质科学联合会地质遗产地名录的由来、发展、遴选程序和过程、地质遗产地的定义和标准,指出建立地质遗产地名录对科学研究和可持续发展的意义,并对今后地质遗产地发展前景进行展望,供读者参考。  相似文献   

基于游客视角的智慧景区评价体系及实证分析——以南京夫子庙秦淮风光带为例     

汪侠  甄峰  吴小根 《地理科学进展》2015,34(4)

建设智慧景区,对于景区实现精细化、低碳化、移动化的管理方向,并最终实现"智慧旅游"的发展战略具有重要意义。目前对于智慧景区的探讨多集中于技术、管理和服务层面,尚无文献从游客视角对智慧景区评价指标体系进行研究。本文运用因子分析方法,构建了基于游客的智慧景区评价指标体系,提出应该从景区智能管理系统、信息服务智能系统、智慧游览系统、智慧预报系统、旅游电子支付、景区综合智能系统、景区安全救助智能系统、景区智能交通系统和景区资源保护智能系统9个方面进行智慧景区的建设。在此基础上,运用模糊综合评价方法,以南京夫子庙秦淮风光带为例,进行了智慧景区的实证评价。最后,对夫子庙秦淮风光带智慧景区建设的优势、不足以及对策进行了分析。  相似文献   

秦皇岛市青龙县城工程场地动力特征及分区评价     

张骏  杜东菊  卢玉东  汪光辉 《地球科学与环境学报》1994,(3)

工程场地动力分区评价（即地震影响小区划），是在工程场地地震危险性分析的基础上，根据场地岩土动力特征及地形地貌、地质构造条件等对地震动影响的反应程度，从而对不同类型场地的地震效应作出评价．其成果可做为建筑抗震设计、工程加固、震害预测与对策的制定及土地合理利用和总体规划布局的依据．本文以秦皇岛市青龙县城工程场地为例，进行了工程场地动力特征研究与分区评价及震害预测（即工程场地地震影响小区划）。  相似文献