成矿流体研究的若干进展与动态   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

张连昌  赵伦山 《地质与勘探》2001,37(1):7-10

近年成矿流体研究在大规模流体的存在与运移、巨型矿床与流体的关系、成矿流体输运动力学、建立热液成矿反应体系及成矿流体分测试技术等方面取得了重要进展；今后成矿流体研究在流体的运移路径与成矿预测、超临界流体与金属矿产巨量堆积的关系及成矿流体的计算机模拟等方面走势明显。  相似文献   

兰坪——思茅盆地石盐矿床盐矿物包裹体特征   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

张芳  耿文辉  王滋平 《矿产与地质》2001,15(2):113-115

石盐矿床在蒸发沉积过程中经受环境变化而被改造，兰坪－思茅盆地石盐矿床石盐矿物流体包裹体特征及测温数据证明，该区地壳在喜山期一直处于活动状态，在石盐的成矿、成矿期后都迭加了火山以及构造－热作用。  相似文献   

Radiogenic isotopes in fluid inclusions   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Igor M. Villa   《Lithos》2001,55(1-4):115-124

Radiogenic isotopes studied in fluid inclusions are still a limited field, with great potential for expansion as analytical techniques improve. The main limitation for Sr, Ar and He isotope work is the very small number of radiogenic atoms produced in a typical fluid inclusion. The requirements to analysts are correspondingly high. Examples show that isotopic tracing on fluid inclusion fluids can be a decisive tool in solving geological problems.  相似文献   

High-Mg potassic rocks from Taiwan: implications for the genesis of orogenic potassic lavas   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

Sun-Lin Chung  Kuo-Lung Wang  Anthony J. Crawford  V. S. Kamenetsky  Cheng-Hong Chen  Ching-Ying Lan  Chang-Hwa Chen 《Lithos》2001,59(4):153-170

Taiwan is an active mountain belt formed by oblique collision between the Luzon arc and the Asian continent. Regardless of the ongoing collision in central and southern Taiwan, a post-collisional extension regime has developed since the Plio–Pleistocene in the northern part of this orogen, and led to generation of the Northern Taiwan Volcanic Zone. Emplaced at 0.2 Ma in the southwest of the Volcanic Zone, lavas from the Tsaolingshan volcano are highly magnesian (MgO≈15 wt.%) and potassic (K₂O≈5 wt.%; K₂O/Na₂O≈1.6–3.0). Whereas these basic rocks (SiO₂≈48 wt.%) have relatively low Al₂O₃≈12 wt.%, total Fe₂O₃≈7.5 wt.% and CaO≈7.2 wt.%, they are extremely enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE, e.g. Cs, Rb, Ba, Th and U). The Rb and Cs abundances, >1000 and 120 ppm, respectively, are among the highest known from terrestrial rocks. In addition, these rocks are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE), depleted in high field strength elements (HFSE), and display a positive Pb spike in the primitive mantle-normalized variation diagram. Their REE distribution patterns mark with slight Eu negative anomalies (Eu/Eu*≈0.90–0.84), and Sr and Nd isotope ratios are uniform (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr≈0.70540–0.70551; ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd≈0.51268–0.51259). Olivine, the major phenocryst phase, shows high Fo contents (90.4±1.8; 1σ deviation), which are in agreement with the whole rock Mg-values (83–80). Spinel inclusions in olivine are characterized by high Cr/Cr+Al ratios (0.94–0.82) and have compositions similar to those from boninites that originate from highly refractory peridotites. Such petrochemical characteristics are comparable to the Group I ultrapotassic rocks defined by Foley et al. [Earth-Sci. Rev. 24 (1987) 81], such as orogenic lamproites from central Italy, Span and Tibet. We therefore suggest that the Tsaolingshan lavas resulted from a phlogopite-bearing harzburgitic source in the lithospheric mantle that underwent a recent metasomatism by the nearby Ryukyu subduction zone processes. The lavas exhibit unique incompatible trace element ratios, with Rb/Cs≈8, Ba/Rb≈1, Ce/Pb≈2, Th/U≈1 and Nb/U≈0.8, which are significantly lower than the continental crust values and those of most mantle-derived magmas. Nonmagmatic enrichment in the mantle source is therefore required. Based on published experimental data, two subduction-related metasomatic components, i.e., slab-released hydrous fluid and subducted sediment, are proposed, and the former is considered to be more pervasive for causing the extraordinary trace element ratios observed. Our observations lend support to the notion that dehydration from subducting slabs at convergent margins, as a continuing process through geologic time, can account for the fractionation of these elemental pairs between the Earth's crust and mantle.  相似文献   

油气运移研究新进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴因业 《地球科学进展》1992,7(6):51-55

综述了油气运移研究的新进展，其主要表现在以下几个方面:1)初次运移研究;2)运移量和运移时间;3)流体三势分析;4)油气形成运移的数学模拟;5)流体封存箱和油气运移
聚集;6)成岩作用体来与油气运移关系的研究。  相似文献   

羊石坑汞矿床包裹体地球化学特征研究     

夏勇 《矿产与地质》1992,(4):313-317

羊石坑汞矿是80年代后期勘探的大型汞矿床,矿床位于川黔汞矿带北部,矿体以细脉、网脉浸染状为主。包裹体地球化学研究表明,成矿温度120～250℃,成矿流体盐度为10.6％(NaCl),流体沸腾发生在250℃左右,包裹体圈闭的最小压力为40×10~5Pa,成矿深度约为400m。结合成矿构造环境、构造演化、探讨了构造改造成矿机制和规律。  相似文献   

内蒙红花沟金矿床同位素地质特征及矿床成因探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

邱玉民  谢锡才 《矿产与地质》1992,(4):318-325

通过对红花沟金矿床主要岩类及金矿石的氧、氢、铅、钾-氩和铷锶同位素的测定,研究了该矿的同位素地球化学特征,探讨了成矿物质来源、成矿时代、成矿温度等矿床成因问题。认为成矿物质来自建平群变质岩,元古宙钾长花岗岩的成岩作用使金活化迁出而成矿。成矿热液以岩浆水为主,并有部分大气降水混入,成矿温度为250～350℃。  相似文献   

压力及流体对岩石孔隙结构与黏弹性的影响规律研究:理论模型及实验观测          下载免费PDF全文

程卫  巴晶  马汝鹏  张琳 《地球物理学报》1954,63(12):4517-4527

地质成因和构造/热应力导致地壳岩石中的孔隙结构（裂隙和粒间孔）的变化.影响岩石黏弹性的因素包括压力、孔隙度、孔隙中包含的流体和孔隙几何形状等.相对于岩石中的硬孔隙,岩石黏弹性（衰减和频散）受软孔隙（裂隙）的影响更大.本文选取三块白云岩样本,进行了不同围压和流体条件下的超声波实验测量.利用CPEM（Cracks and Pores Effective Medium,裂隙和孔隙有效介质）模型获得了岩石高、低频极限的弹性模量,并通过Zener体（标准线性体）模型将CPEM模型拓展到全频带而得到CPEM-Zener模型,用该模型拟合岩石松弛和非松弛状态下的实验数据,本文得到平均裂隙纵横比和裂隙孔隙度以及纵波速度和品质因子随频率的变化关系.结果表明,饱水岩石的平均裂隙纵横比和裂隙孔隙度均高于饱油岩石,随着压差（围压和孔隙压力的差值）的增加,饱油岩石中的裂隙首先闭合.并且压差在70 MPa以内时,随着压差增大,岩石的平均裂隙纵横比和裂隙孔隙度在饱水和饱油时的差值增大,此时流体类型对于岩石裂隙的影响越来越显著,此外,对饱水岩石,平均裂隙纵横比随压差增加而增大,这可能是由于岩石中纵横比较小的裂隙会随压差增大而逐渐趋于闭合.在饱水和饱油岩石中,裂隙孔隙度和裂隙密度都随着压差增加而减小.通过对裂隙密度和压差的关系进行指数拟合,本文获得压差趋于0时的裂隙密度,且裂隙密度随孔隙度增大而增大,增大速率随压差增加而降低.针对饱水和饱油的白云岩样本,CPEM-Zener模型预测的纵波频散随压差增大而减小,此变化趋势和实验测得的逆品质因子随压差的变化关系基本一致,由此进一步验证了模型的实用性.本研究对岩石的孔隙结构和黏弹性分析以及声波测井、地震勘探的现场应用有指导意义.  相似文献   

A Physically-Based Turbulent Velocity Time Series Decomposition     

P. L. Fuehrer  C. A. Friehe 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1999,90(2):241-295

Single-point, three-component turbulent velocity time series data obtained in the atmospheric boundary layer over the ocean reveal coherent structures that are consistent with a model of a steady linearly varying spatial velocity field that translates past the measurement point at constant velocity. The kinematic model includes both strain and rotation rates and has implications regarding vortex generation, vortex pairing, vortex break-up, and stability. While the complete specification of the dimensions, spatial velocity gradients, and translational velocity of the linear coherent structure (LCS) cannot be made from the single-point, three-component measurements, the model LCS velocity time series can be determined from least- squares fits to the data. The total turbulent kinetic energy is used to find in the record the initial and final times of a model LCS in the data, i.e., the time interval over which a model LCS is passing over the anemometer. Maxima in the kinetic energy removed from the data (by subtraction of the model LCS velocity functions from the data) are used to identify the most-energetic model LCSs. These model LCS velocity functions replicate the essential large-scale features of the time series of the three-component velocity fluctuations, most noticeably in the streamwise component. The model LCS decomposition was used to perform a scale analysis of the data, which was compared to the usual Fourier method. Time intervals of model LCSs were found successively in the data, after subtracting the previous fits. This process resulted in a series of 'levels with a number of LCSs found at each level. About six levels account for most of the kinetic energy. The model also allows the computation of the Reynolds stress components, for which six levels also are sufficient. The recomposition of the time series on a LCS-by-LCS basis compares well with the mode-by-mode Fourier recomposition for the average momentum fluxes and kinetic energy.  相似文献   

康古尔塔格硅灰石矿床地质特征与成矿条件分析     

杨兴科  姬金生  薛春纪 《地球科学与环境学报》1995,(4)

作者首次在该区找到了硅灰石矿。在专题研究基础上，分析了区域地层、构造、岩浆活动和硅灰石矿床地质特征等，提出该硅灰石矿主要产于康古尔断裂带内的花岗岩与碳酸盐地层接触带，属矽卡岩型硅灰石矿。对区内花岗岩、碳酸盐地层、矽卡岩、大地构造等硅灰石成矿条件作了分析，初步提出了该矿主要应用领域为建筑陶瓷工业。  相似文献