A preliminary report on the Stanton Harcourt Channel Deposits (Oxfordshire,England): geological context,vertebrate remains and palaeolithic stone artefacts     

CHRISTINE M. BUCKINGHAM  DEREK A. ROE  KATHARINE SCOTT 《第四纪科学杂志》1996,11(5):397-415

A summary is given of the geological, faunal and archaeological information obtained during excavations in the Stanton Harcourt Channel Deposits from 1990 to 1995. The channel deposits underlie the ‘cold-climate’ Stanton Harcourt Gravel Member of the Summertown– Radley Terrace Formation. The Channel sediments are attributed to Oxygen Isotope Stage 7, when the Thames was undergoing down-dip migration and eroding the Weymouth Member of the Oxford Clay (Upper Jurassic), the contemporary Jurassic (Corallian) escarpment being near to Stanton Harcourt at that time. Abundant large vertebrate remains have been recovered, mainly from the base of the Channel deposits, where a cobble and boulder bed rests on thin silt or sand horizons or in scour hollows in the clay bedrock. Smaller bones occur throughout the deposits, which are mainly poorly sorted gravels, but especially at erosive horizons. Several palaeolithic artefacts have been found in the same contexts; many of the bones and some of the artefacts appear not to have been transported far. Although the artefacts cannot be linked directly with the bones, a study of them adds to our knowledge of the Middle Pleistocene human settlement of the Upper Thames Valley. It is of interest that mammoth is abundant as part of the interglacial faunal assemblage, and the significance of this is discussed. The environment clearly included substantial areas of open grassland, although there was also some forest in the vicinity. Evidence appears to be accumulating for important faunal and floral differences between particular interglacial events during the British Middle and Late Pleistocene.  相似文献   

江苏中部海岸西洋潮流通道区域晚更新世古地貌与沉积体系研究     

王辉  夏非  张永战  高抒  李家彪 《海洋学报》2019,41(3):134-142

南黄海曾是长江和黄河两大河流输送的陆源沉积物重要的汇,其沉积记录含有河流演化的丰富信息。江苏海岸中部、南黄海西侧、辐射沙脊群西北的西洋潮流通道及其邻区受到古黄河与古长江的交互影响,其古地貌与沉积地层等研究尚显不足。利用该区多次采集获得的长约380 km的浅层地震剖面数据,结合钻孔资料,分析了西洋浅部地震层序,探讨了其沉积环境特征。研究结果表明,西洋潮流通道区域在平均海面以下33~49 m处,存在一个强振幅、中频率、高连续性的区域性反射界面,与对比钻孔中滨岸沼泽沉积的顶面相对应,代表一个不整合的古地貌面;该界面深度的空间插值结果反演的古地貌面与下伏的沟槽状切割-充填反射结构,揭示了数条沿NE方向延伸的古水道,并集中分布于古地貌面北部相对低洼的区域,为南黄海内陆架晚更新世某古水系的一部分;该古地貌面系末次冰消期的海侵冲刷面,其上覆是全新世滨浅海沉积,下伏是晚更新世末期的洪泛平原或滨岸沼泽或充填下切古河道或古潮道等沉积。对该区域性反射界面的深入研究有助于弄清南黄海西部晚更新世以来的沉积体系演化历史,提升对辐射沙脊群形成演化的认识。  相似文献   

西藏扎布耶盐湖30.0 ka B P以来水位与古降水量变化   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

齐文  郑绵平 《地球学报》2005,26(1):53-60

扎布耶湖9级大型沙砾堤记录了约30．0ka B P以来水位退缩历史，与北部拉果错、南部塔若错的垭口沉积记录了3个湖泊最后分离的时间。本文应用数字地面高程模型(DEM)，计算了扎布耶各级沙堤对应湖面期的湖水面积、体积与含盐量；分析了扎布耶与拉果错、塔若错的分-合历程，计算了各时期汇流盆地总面积；参考湖泊、冰川、孢粉、天文学等多学科关于古温度、辐射平衡的结论，得出了较为可信的计算参数。在此基础上，应用根据西藏实际情况得出的辐射平衡和水面蒸发、陆面蒸发计算模型，代入封闭盆地水量平衡方程，得出了较Kutzbach水-能方程更可靠的降雨量-水域面积／流域面积比的非线性方程，计算出泛湖期(9级沙堤，40．0～28．0ka B P)该区降雨量567 mm／a，盛冰阶时降至350mm／a以下，冰期后增至402mm／a，随后逐步下降直至约Ⅰ-1级阶地时(海拔4421m，3．53ka B P)为280mm／a(约为现代的两倍)。通过定量恢复该区30．0ka B P以来降水量变化，为认识西藏高原湖泊演化和古环境、古季风演化提供了定量依据。  相似文献   

罗布泊盐湖晚更新世末期芒硝岩沉积及其古气候意义   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

刘成林  焦鹏程  陈永志  王弭力 《地球学报》2008,29(4):397-404

罗布泊位于新疆塔里木盆地的东端,可能是世界最大的单体(干)盐湖。罗布泊从中更新世开始进入盐湖演化阶段,直到晚更新世末以钙芒硝沉积为主,进入全新世出现石盐沉积。一些钻孔揭示在上更新统顶部出现一些芒硝岩薄层,对比研究,确认这些钻孔中的芒硝层属同一时期沉积产物。14C测年显示,芒硝层段年代从13.72～16.92ka,光释光测年结果为19.34～19.83ka,这些与末次冰期最盛期的年代(14～22ka)基本吻合,推断当时罗布泊年均气温在-2～-3℃。至全新世早期,随着短期干冷气候结束,罗布泊转为咸水湖环境,自全新世中期以来,转变为盐湖环境。  相似文献   

郯庐断裂带安徽太湖段第四纪新活动研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵朋  郑海刚  姚大全  杨源源  黄显良  方震 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(12):1251-1255

郯庐断裂带太湖段位于东大别的东侧,为东大别与山前盆地的构造界线,遥感影像上断层线性特征清晰。在太湖-桐城一带开展了多次野外地质调查和探槽工作,其中太湖小池镇殷家上屋探槽显示,断层带发育有较软的断层泥,断层向上延伸入中更新世棕红色蠕虫状亚粘土中,OSL和ESR样品测试结果表明,断层在中更新世有过较强的活动。桐城挂车河镇洪老屋断层剖面显示断层错断了早中更新世砾石层,断层下部发育有新鲜的断层泥,ESR样品测试结果同样表明断层在中更新世有过较强活动。综合分析认为,郯庐断裂带太湖段在早中更新世仍有过较强活动,最新活动时代为中更新世(Q2),这或是该地区地震活动以中小地震为主的一个构造背景因素。  相似文献   

中国更新世环境巨变的孢粉植物群记录   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

童国榜  陈云  吴锡浩  李铮华  杨振京  王书兵  曹家栋 《地质力学学报》1999,5(4):11-21

通过对已有３８个剖面的孢粉时间序列分析,探讨了１．６ＭａＢＰ－０．８ＭａＢＰ的植被与环境巨变,划分出两个孢粉带及两个孢粉气候事件,提出该时段是更新世环境最恶劣的时期该时期植被稀疏,北方一般以森林草原和草原为主,西北地区出现荒漠或荒漠草原,南方以森林及灌丛草原为主,表明当时气候冷干,降温幅度可达１５－１７℃,降水量减少３００－５００ｍｍ。  相似文献   

甘肃庆阳晚更新世萨拉乌苏组中发现陶器残片     

袁效奇  闵琪  杨俊杰  郭忠铭  刘冠邦 《高校地质学报》1999,(1)

甘肃庆阳地区沿河谷萨拉乌苏组分布普遍,在庆阳附近和环县曲子该组底部砂砾层和上部粘土层中发现了陶片。同一层位产哺乳动物化石,其地质时代属晚更新世。１４Ｃ测年资料也反映它是一套距今约三万年前的堆积,与根据哺乳动物化石所确定的地质年代相一致。这一发现把陶器出现的年代提前了大约２万年,其意义重大  相似文献   

晚更新世以来的季风变化对晋陕蒙接壤区现代侵蚀的影响     

张信宝 《中国沙漠》1995,15(3):207-209

黄土高原晚更新世末次冰期时期,冬季风强盛,马兰黄土堆积;全新世以来的间冰期时期,夏季风强盛,降水较丰,侵蚀强烈。晚更新世以来的中国东部海岸线40°N 一带变化最大,同纬度晋陕蒙接壤区是黄土高原季风气候变化最剧烈的地区,致使该区成为黄土高原沙黄土区中现代降水最多的地区。沙黄土和较多降水的组合,使晋陕蒙接壤区成为黄土高原现代侵蚀最剧烈的地区。  相似文献   

ACTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SANWEISHAN FAULT IN THE NORTHERN MARGIN OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU DURING LATE PLEISTOCENE          下载免费PDF全文

LIU Xing-wang  YUAN Dao-yang  ZOU Xiao-bo  LIU Yu 《地震地质》2018,40(1):121-132

The Sanweishan fault is located in the northern margin of the Tibetan plateau. It is a branch of the Altyn Tagh fault zone which extends to the northwest. A detailed study on Late Quaternary activity characteristics of the Sanwei Shan Fault can help understanding the strain distribution of the Altyn Tagh fault zone and regional seismic activity and northward growth of the Tibetan plateau. Previous research on this fault is insufficient and its activity is a controversial issue. Based on satellite images interpretation, field investigations and geological mapping, this study attempts to characterize this feature, especially its activity during Late Quaternary. Trench excavation and sample dating permit to address this issue, including determination of paleoseismic events along this fault. The results show that the Sanweishan fault is a large-scale active structure. It starts from the Shuangta reservoir in the east, extending southward by Shigongkouzi, Lucaogou, and Shugouzi, terminates south of Xishuigou, with a length of 175km. The fault trends in NEE, dipping SE at angles 50°~70°. It is characterized by left-lateral strike-slip with a component of thrust and local normal faulting. According to the geometry, the fault can be divided into three segments, i.e. Shuangta-Shigongkouzi, Shigongkouzi-Shugouzi and Shugouzi-Xishuigou from east to west, looking like a left-or right-step pattern. Plenty of offset fault landforms appear along the Sanweishan Fault, including ridges, left-lateral strike-slip gullies, fault scarps, and fault grooves. The trench study at the middle and eastern segments of the fault shows its activity during Late Pleistocene, evidenced by displaced strata of this epoch. Identification marks of the paleoearthquakes and sample dating reveal one paleoearthquake that occurred at(40.3±5.2)~(42.1±3.9) ka.  相似文献   

西藏阿里札达盆地下更新统香孜组地层厘定与层序地层划分     

朱大岗  孟宪刚  邵兆刚  杨朝斌  韩建恩  余佳  孟庆伟  吕荣平 《地质力学学报》2006,12(4):406-415

根据札达盆地香孜组河湖相地层剖面的接触关系、沉积旋回、沉积体系和岩相岩性特征,可将札达盆地下更新统香孜组河湖相地层划分为2个沉积相、3个岩段。香孜组一、二岩段为一套砾岩夹砂岩的粗碎屑岩,属典型的冲（洪）积扇沉积物;第三岩段为砾岩与砂岩互层,属冰水冰缘相沉积。ESR法和古地磁法测年结果表明,札达盆地香孜组河湖相地层的形成时代为早更新世早期（2．68—1．36Ma）。札达盆地为一同生断陷盆地,在后期重新复活的过程中,盆地只经历了冲积体系域和水进体系域。冲积体系域形成于札达盆地早更新世早期重新复活层序发育的早、中期,水进体系域形成于札达盆地早更新世早期重新复活层序发育的晚期。  相似文献