浙江省县级海洋综合减灾能力评估研究          下载免费PDF全文

郭敬  车助镁  金锴  李婷  丁骏 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(11):90-96

文章通过层次分析法,构建了适用于浙江省的县级海洋减灾能力综合评估指标体系,对比分析浙江省28个沿海县（市、区）各项减灾能力现状与不足。结果表明：浙江省总体海洋综合减灾能力较强,所有沿海县（市、区）海洋综合减灾能力均达到中等级以上,超过一半的沿海县（市、区）达到强等级,平阳县海洋综合减灾能力最强,海宁市最弱。文章基于浙江省各沿海县（市、区）在减灾能力上存在的一些普遍问题,为海洋减灾能力建设提升提供了对策建议。  相似文献   

基于 GIS和 AHP的安康市滑坡地质灾害危险性评估     

张伟  王建斌 《地下水》2015,(2)

安康市滑坡崩塌频繁发生,对当地造成了不可估量的损失。以安康市地震小区划为依托,对当地滑坡地质灾害的易发性进行研究。在研究区进行野外踏勘和搜集资料的基础上,借助magis和arcgis平台强大的绘图、分析功能,运用层次分析法对滑坡灾害因子进行加权叠加计算,绘制滑坡灾害危险性区划图。区划结果分为四个等级：无危险区、低危险区、中危险区、高危险区。无危险区、低危险区滑坡灾害易发性较低,为适宜城市规划和项目实施工作地带,中危险区、高危险区则要加以治理以减少滑坡地质灾害对居民生命和财产的威胁。  相似文献   

基于元胞自动机模型的土地利用变化模拟——以大连经济技术开发区为例   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8  

杨俊  解鹏  席建超  葛全胜  李雪铭  马占东 《地理学报》2015,70(3)

元胞自动机模型已经成为模拟土地利用变化的重要方法。传统土地模拟方法中侧重于通过分析影响土地利用变化的因素来构建预测模型,较少从土地利用类型变化及其相互作用的空间角度来关注模型构建。本文以1998年、2004年和2009年1:10000土地利用数据,利用Python语言结合GDAL与Numpy类库实现局部土地利用竞争的元胞自动机模型原型开发,并用于模拟大连市经济技术开发区1998-2009年土地利用变化模拟。研究结果:1建立了发掘多地类之间相互作用关系的试验方法,研究适用于具有明确物理意义的多地类元胞自动机模拟模型;2该模型具有好的模拟精度,对建设用地、农用地和林地等3种不同类型用地进行同时模拟,其对应Kappa系数分别为0.762,0.634和0.678;3该模型建立了研究不同种地类协调作用的基本方法,可以用于进一步研究土地利用变化地类之间驱动原理。  相似文献   

Public policy and financial resource mobilization for wind energy in developing countries: A comparison of approaches and outcomes in China and India     

《Global Environmental Change》2015

We analyze and contrast how China and India mobilized financial resources to build domestic technological innovation systems in wind energy. To that end, we identify distinct stages of technology diffusion in the two countries in the period 1986–2012, and analyze the interplay between public policies and the development of the technological innovation system across the different stages. We show that the two countries’ distinct development strategies for wind energy – China developed wind energy largely through its state-owned enterprises, while India opened up wind energy investment to the private sector in the early 1990s – influenced system outcomes in terms of technology diffusion, domestic industry structure, competitiveness, and ownership. By unraveling the interplay between public policies, investment risks and returns, and actor characteristics, we explain the differences in system outcomes and identify important policy trade-offs between the two strategies. Our analysis provides novel insights about the process of financial resource mobilization in technological innovation systems, the dynamics of innovation-system growth, and the policy trade-offs that must be reconciled by countries that aim to promote the diffusion of a particular technology.  相似文献   

Biodegradability Assessment and Treatability of High Strength Complex Industrial Park Wastewater     

Ahmet Baban 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(10):976-983

Industrial park wastewater (IPWW) includes complex non‐biodegradable organic compounds. A wastewater treatability study using biodegradability assessment approach was carried out for an industrial park housing mainly textile and machinery sectors. Biodegradable and inert chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractions with soluble and particulate counterparts were experimentally estimated by implementing respirometric methods. Aerobic batch test methods and oxygen uptake rate profiles were used to map kinetic parameters and COD fractions. Denitrification potential was also determined by application of anoxic batch tests. Relevant kinetic constants, stoichiometric, and design parameters were determined for biological processes. Tests were carried out for raw and physico‐chemically pre‐treated IPWW. Hence, it was aimed to assess the effects and necessity of pre‐treatment on biological processes. Biological mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification processes were also designed and tested using a bench scale continuous treatment model for pre‐treated IPWW. The sum of initial inert soluble COD fraction and production of soluble microbial products decreased about 25% for the case of pre‐treated IPWW as compared to raw IPWW. Eighty‐three percent total COD and 89% total Kjeldahl nitrogen removal efficiencies were attained for the modeling experiments of pre‐treated IPWW. Results showed the significance of pre‐treatment if complex strength industrial wastewaters are to be biologically treated.  相似文献   

层次分析法在震后崩塌危险性评价上的应用          下载免费PDF全文

李松  苏生瑞  尚瑾瑜  高晖 《甘肃地质》2012,(3):79-84

在综合分析影响震后崩塌各种因素的基础上,首先,选取了较为系统的评价指标,利用层次分析法（AHP法）对各评价指标的权重进行了计算,其次,建立了震后崩塌危险性等级评价模型,评价了S303线映秀—卧龙段K07＋100～K07＋400处震后边坡的危险性。结果表明：该方法的评判结果与选取崩塌实际情况一致。  相似文献   

Origin of abnormal substances discharged from Baozhusi Dam Base, Sichuan, China     

Qian Hui  K. W. F. Howard  Zhang Yiqian  Xi Linping 《Environmental Geology》2005,47(7):1000-1009

Baozhusi reservoir is a large-scale hydropower engineering project in Sichuan Province, China. After drainage wells were drilled in the dam base, white flocculent and black gel substances, accompanied by a rotten-egg odor, were found in some of the drainage water wells. On the basis of a brief introduction of the geological setting in Baozhusi Dam area, the origin of the abnormal substances were analyzed and discussed through the following procedures: (1) the abnormal substances were sampled and their chemical and mineral compositions were analyzed; (2) the origin of drainage waters were determined using the isotope method and well flux measurement results; (3) characteristics of chemical composition of drainage waters were discussed relative to other kinds of waters in the area; (4) process of formation of the abnormal substances were determined using hydrogeochemical methods; (5) laboratory immersion experiment was carried out to verify the conclusions. Results showed that the abnormal substances were formed by interactions between recharging water from the reservoir and dam base rock as well as dam building materials. Among these, the precipitation of calcite and dolomite, the dissolution of calcium hydroxide and anhydrite as well as the reduction of SO₄^–2 to H₂S by organic matter are the most important processes.  相似文献   

关于教育科学中评估问题的注记     

何伍鸣  王柏钧  韩资徽  王力勤 《成都信息工程学院学报》1992,(3)

本文对L·Saaty提出的多目标决策方法进行了分析,结合教育评估实例,指出方法中的某些形式计算,并对有关位置参数的稳健估计作了简单推导和讨论。这种稳健评估方法思想,可供现场进行教育评估参考和应用。  相似文献   

Effects of process parameters on the comminution capability of high pressure water jet mill     

Longlian Cui  Liqian AnWeili Gong 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006

To improve comminution efficiency, the effects of several process parameters on the comminution capability of high pressure water jet mill were investigated. Fractal dimension of particle size distribution, as an index of water jet mill comminution capability, was used for describing the fineness of the comminution product. Nine process parameters including the pump pressure, the mixing tube length and diameter, the coal particle mass flow rate, the diameter of feed material particle, the standoff distance, loading times, hardness of the target and the impact angle were investigated individually. The results obtained from this study provide deeper insight into the high pressure water jet comminution technology and a basis for process parameters optimization. We also show that the fractal dimension of particle size distribution can be used to monitor the comminution capability and estimate the degree of particle comminution.  相似文献   

基于地学信息图谱的土地利用动态变化研究——以山东省龙口市为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

鲍文东  侯志华  吴泉源 《地域研究与开发》2007,26(3):80-84

阐述了地学信息图谱的内涵及其概念模式.选择山东省龙口市为例,在遥感和地理信息系统技术支持下,利用2002年数字遥感图像和1996年土地利用图及其自然和社会经济统计数据,建立了龙口市土地利用动态变化信息图谱,并根据图谱从空间和时间两方面分析龙口市土地利用动态演变过程,最后结合马尔科夫模型对其未来的演变趋势进行动态预测.研究表明:自1996年以来,龙口市土地利用发生了大幅度变化,耕地面积减少5 383.48 hm2,园地和建设用地面积各增加33 729.62 hm2和2319.91 hm2;同时土地利用结构发生明显变化,主要表现在耕地和园地之间的转化,耕地和园地向建设用地的转化.预测表明:在未来的几十年内,耕地面积仍将继续减少,建设用地面积还会逐年增加,园地仍为该市的主要用地类型.  相似文献