基于安全熵的边坡稳定性分析     

程东幸  刘大安 《工程地质学报》2010,18(6):851-856

熵的概念源于热力学,是一种多目标决策的有效方法,是系统不确定性的一个度量。熵已经广泛应用于众多学科,但是应用于地质学,尤其是用来进行边坡稳定性评价的实例却很少。作者基于关系矩阵及信息熵概念提出的边坡安全熵稳定性评价方法,有效地结合了关系矩阵对各种影响边坡稳定性因素的敏感性及信息熵对边坡紊乱度的量化优点,综合考虑边坡地质、环境及工程因素的基础上,对边坡的稳定性状态作出客观的评价。经在龙滩水电站左岸边坡工程稳定性评价中应用,并与解析计算分析及地质资料分析结果对比,具有很好的相应性。  相似文献   

Définition et datation de la Formation de Venaco (Corse) : dépôt d’origine gravitaire d’âge Priabonien     

Jean Ferrandini  Michelle Ferrandini  Philippe Rossi  Brengre Savary-Sismondini 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2010,342(12):921-929

Priabonian age is highlighted for the first time in Corsica in the Venaco Formation using the presence of specific microfauna (in particular some representatives of Turborotalia cerroazulensis lineage). This silicoclastic formation is mainly represented by coarse facies. It is composed of three members from south to north and from oldest towards youngest: member of Uboli, Cardo and Orsu. The sedimentologic analysis reveals a gravity depositional environment, involving different type of currents. Sedimentologic and chronologic characteristics make the Venaco Formation and the Annot Formation (p.p.) equivalent. Dating the Venaco Fm. brings confirmation that the green schist metamorphism of the Variscan batholith and the related deformation are from the pre-Priabonian period.  相似文献   

Elevation,slope aspect and integrated nutrient management effects on crop productivity and soil quality in North-west Himalayas,India     

Birendra Nath Ghosh  Narinder Kumar Sharma  Nurnabi Meherul Alam  Raman Jeet Singh  Gopal Prasad Juyal 《山地科学学报》2014,11(5):1208-1217

On farm bio-resource recycling has been given greater emphasis with the introduction of conservation agriculture specifically withclimate change scenarios in the mid-hills of the north-west Himalaya region（NWHR）. Under this changing scenario, elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） may affect significantly soil quality and crop productivity. A study was conducted during 2009-2010 to 2010-2011 at the Ashti watershed of NWHR in a rainfed condition to examine the influence of elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） on soil resource and crop productivity. Two years of farm demonstration trials indicated that crop productivity and soil quality is significantly affected by elevation, slope aspect and INM. Results showed that wheat equivalent yield（WEY） of improved technology increased crop productivity by -20%-37% compared to the conventional system. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-17%. North aspect and higher elevation increased crop productivity by 15%-25% compared to south aspect and low elevation（except paddy）. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-15%. Irrespective of slope, elevation and cropping system, the WEY increased by -30% in this region due to INMtechnology. The influence of elevation, slope aspect and INM significantly affected soil resources（SQI） and soil carbon change（SCC）. SCC is significantly correlated with SQI for conventional（R2 = 0.65＊）, INM technology（R2 = 0.81＊） and for both technologies（R2 = 0.73＊）. It is recommended that at higher elevation.（except for paddy soils） with a north facing slope, INM is recommended for higher crop productivity; conservation of soil resources is recommended for the mid hills of NWHR; and single values of SCC are appropriate as a SQI for this region.  相似文献   

Improvement of pseudo-static method for slope stability analysis   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Chang-wei Yang  Jian-jing Zhang  Xiao Fu  Chuan-bin Zhu  Jun-wei Bi 《山地科学学报》2014,11(3):625-633

traditional In this paper, two drawbacks pseudo-static method （vertical of the slice method） in the slope stability evaluation have been studied. First, the sliding mass is divided into vertical slices according to this method, which is irrational to some extent in the seismic design of slope. Second, only peak ground acceleration （PGA） is considered, and the effects of shaking frequency and duration on slope stability are neglected. And then, based on the theory of elastic wave and the summarized geological model, this paper put forwards an improved method of pseudo-method by using the theory of elastic wave and Hilbert-Huang transform. The improved pseudostatic method gives reasonable considerations to the time-frequency effects of seismic wave and its rationality has been verified by the shaking table test. This method can evaluate the safety of a slope, the happening time and the scale of landslides. At the same time, this method also can improve the high accuracy of the evaluation of the safety of the slope.  相似文献   

Evolution of a deep-water lobe system in the Neogene trench-slope setting of the East Coast Basin,New Zealand: Lobe stratigraphy and architecture in a weakly confined basin configuration     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

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地形地貌对地震波放大效应数值模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周兴涛  韩金良  施凤根  王昆 《工程地质学报》2014,22(6):1211-1220

采用FLAC3D 软件进行大量数值模拟,研究了地形地貌对地震波放大效应规律。结果表明:对于单面坡模型,斜坡较低时,坡体对天然地震波和简谐波的峰值加速度在竖直向和顺坡面向产生线性放大效应。斜坡较高时,若坡角低,两种波形的加速度等值线近似平行于坡面,天然地震波坡顶正下方极值性不明显,但随坡角增大而明显,坡面正下方可见若干条与坡面相平行具节律性的极小值条带,随坡角增大向一条极值带转化,简谐波在高低坡脚时坡顶面正下方区域内都出现等间距相间分布具节律性的极值条带,坡面正下方的极值带状性不如天然地震波明显,随坡角增大而消失; 若坡角高,两波形加速度放大系数顺坡面呈相间的极值圈分布。双面坡坡顶宽度越小,山脊越单薄,加速度放大效应越强烈,随坡顶宽度增大,坡肩加速度放大系数趋于稳定,双面坡对加速度放大效应强于单面坡。对加速度放大效应,多峰形双峰形单峰形,坡顶越不规则,加速度放大效应越强烈。V形河谷坡面上半部分加速度放大效应要强于U形河谷,U形河谷的谷底中部对地震波动力响应要强于V形谷。坡面局部不规则性只影响到坡面局部范围内的峰值加速度分布,坡高、坡角、坡顶几何特征为整个峰值加速度分布的控制因素。  相似文献   

关岭县沙营乡槽子六村一带崩塌（危岩带）特征及防治对策     

段方情  朱要强  刘勇 《城市地质》2014,(2):43-46

关岭县北部岗乌永窝大寨6.28特大滑坡碎屑流灾害,造成99人死亡及失踪。通过调查类似地质条件下该地区地质灾害隐患分布情况。以该地区大田小学崩塌为代表分析该类型危岩带形成的原因及形成机理,分析了危岩体稳定性及发展趋势,并运用rockfail软件对滚石运动路径、影响范围、弹跳高度、运动能量做了分析。结合该地区自然条件,提出了相应的防治建议。对该地区类似崩塌（危岩）的防治,有一定的借鉴作用。  相似文献   

The mechanism of post-rift fault activities in Baiyun sag,Pearl River Mouth basin     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

Post-rift fault activities were often observed in deepwater basins, which have great contributions to oil and gas migration and accumulation. The main causes for post-rift fault activities include tectonic events, mud or salt diapirs, and gravitational collapse. In the South China Sea continental margin, post-rift fault activities are widely distributed, especially in Baiyun sag, one of the largest deepwater sag with its main body located beneath present continental slope. During the post-rift stage, large population of faults kept active for a long time from 32 Ma (T70) till 5.5 Ma (T10). Seismic interpretation, fault analysis and analogue modeling experiments indicate that the post-rift fault activities in Baiyun sag between 32 Ma (T70) and 13.8 Ma (T30) was mainly controlled by gravity pointing to the Main Baiyun sag, which caused the faults extensive on the side facing Main Baiyun sag and the back side compressive. Around 32 Ma (T70), the breakup of the continental margin and the spreading of the South China Sea shed a combined effect of weak compression toward Baiyun sag. The gravity during post-rift stage might be caused by discrepant subsidence and sedimentation between strongly thinned sag center and wing areas. This is supported by positive relationship between sedimentation rate and fault growth index. After 13.8 Ma (T30), fault activity shows negative relationship with sedimentation rate. Compressive uplift and erosion in seismic profiles as well as negative tectonic subsiding rates suggest that the fault activity from 13.8 Ma (T30) to 5.5 Ma (T10) might be controlled by the subductive compression from the Philippine plate in the east.  相似文献   

Efficient stochastic analysis of unsaturated slopes subjected to various rainfall intensities and patterns     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(1):101490

Rainfall infiltration poses a disastrous threat to the slope stability in many regions around the world. This paper proposes an extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)-based stochastic analysis framework to estimate the rainfall-induced slope failure probability. An unsaturated slope under rainfall infiltration in spatially varying soils is selected in this study to investigate the influences of the spatial variability of soil properties (including effective cohesion c′, effective friction angle φ′ and saturated hydraulic conductivity k_s), as well as rainfall intensity and rainfall pattern on the slope failure probability. Results show that the proposed framework in this study is capable of computing the failure probability with accuracy and high efficiency. The spatial variability of k_s cannot be overlooked in the reliability analysis. Otherwise, the rainfall-induced slope failure probability will be underestimated. It is found that the rainfall intensity and rainfall pattern have significant effect on the probability of failure. Moreover, the failure probabilities under various rainfall intensities and patterns can be easily obtained with the aid of the proposed framework, which can provide timely guidance for the landslide emergency management departments.  相似文献   

Centrifuge modelling of landslides and landslide hazard mitigation: A review     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(1):101493

Landslides are serious geohazards that occur under a variety of climatic conditions and can cause many casualties and significant economic losses. Centrifuge modelling, as a representative type of physical modelling, provides a realistic simulation of the stress level in a small-scale model and has been applied over the last 50 years to develop a better understanding of landslides. With recent developments in this technology, the application of centrifuge modelling in landslide science has significantly increased. Here, we present an overview of physical models that can capture landslide processes during centrifuge modelling. This review focuses on (i) the experimental principles and considerations, (ii) landslide models subjected to various triggering factors, including centrifugal acceleration, rainfall, earthquakes, water level changes, thawing permafrost, excavation, external loading and miscellaneous conditions, and (iii) different methods for mitigating landslides modelled in centrifuge, such as the application of nails, piles, geotextiles, vegetation, etc. The behaviors of all the centrifuge models are discussed, with emphasis on the deformation and failure mechanisms and experimental techniques. Based on this review, we provide a best-practice methodology for preparing a centrifuge landslide test and propose further efforts in terms of the seven aspects of model materials, testing design and equipment, measurement methods, scaling laws, full-scale test applications, landslide early warning, and 3D modelling to better understand the complex behaviour of landslides.  相似文献