Bacterial diversity and community structure in the East China Sea by 454 sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董逸  赵苑  张文燕  李艳  周锋  刘诚刚  吴莹  刘素美  张武昌  肖天 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(3):527-541

The 454 sequencing method was used to detect bacterial diversity and community structure in the East China Sea. Overall, 149 067 optimized reads with an average length of 454 nucleotides were obtained from 17 seawater samples and five sediment samples sourced in May 2011. A total of 22 phyla, 34 classes, 74 orders, 146 families, and 333 genera were identified in this study. Some of them were detected for the first time from the East China Sea. The estimated richness and diversity indices were both higher in the sediment samples compared with in the seawater samples. All the samples were divided by their diversity indices into four regions. Similarity analysis showed that the seawater samples could be classified into six groups. The groups differed from each other and had unique community structure characteristics. It was found that different water masses in the sampling areas may have had some influence on the bacterial community structure. A canonical correspondence analysis revealed that seawater samples in different areas and at different depths were affected by different environmental parameters. This study will lay the foundation for future research on microbiology in the East China Sea.  相似文献   

南海西沙海槽沉积物柱MD05-2902细菌多样性     

李涛  王鹏 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(10):85-93

A sediment core MD05-2902 was collected from the deep-sea basin of the Xisha Trough. The vertical distribution and diversity of bacteria in the core was investigated through ten sub-sampling with an interval of 1 m using bacterial 16 S rRNA gene as a phylogenetic bio-marker. Eighteen phylogenetic groups were identified from 16 S rRNA gene clone libraries. The dominant bacterial groups were JS1, Planctomycetes and Chloroflexi, which accounted for 30.6%, 16.6%, and 15.6% of bacterial clones in the libraries, respectively. In order to reveal the relationship between biotic and abiotic data, a nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis was performed. The result revealed that the δ15N, δ13C, total organic carbon and total organic nitrogen possibly influenced the bacterial community structure. This study expanded our knowledge of the biogeochemical cycling in the Xisha Trough sediment.  相似文献   

Response of microbial community to petroleum stress and phosphate dosage in sediments of Jiaozhou Bay,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHAO Yangguo  CHEN Min  BAI Jie  LI Xinwei  Farhana Zulfiqar  and WANG Qianli 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(2):249-256

The dynamic microcosms were used to evaluate the effect of oil spills on microbial ecological system in marine sediment and the enhancement of nutrient on the oil removal. The function and structure of microbial community caused by the oil pollution and phosphate dosage were simultaneously monitored by dehydrogenase activity assay and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) techniques. The results indicated that the amount of total bacteria in all dynamic microcosms declined rapidly with incubation time. The number of petroleum-degrading bacteria and the activity of sediment dehydrogenase were gradually enhanced by petroleum in the oil-treated microcosms, while they both showed no obvious response to phosphate dosage. In comparison, phosphate spiked heterotrophic bacteria and they showed a significant increase in amount. DGGE profiles indicated that petroleum dosage greatly changed community structure, and the bacteria belonged to class Deltaproteobacteria, and phyla Bacteroidetes and Chlorobi were enriched. This study demonstrated that petroleum input greatly impacted the microbial community structure and consequently the marine sediment petroleum-degrading activity was enhanced. Phosphate dosage would multiply heterotrophic bacteria but not significantly enhance the petroleum degradation.  相似文献   

微生物成因白云石研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

王宁 《岩石矿物学杂志》2011,30(4):683-690

"白云岩问题"一直是沉积地质学研究的热点和难点之一,白云岩在我国和世界范围内都是重要的油气储层。因此,深入认识白云岩成因对于碳酸岩油气勘探具有重要参考意义。白云岩成因有多种解释模式,如萨布哈蒸发模式、渗透回流模式、埋藏调节模式、混合水模式、潮汐泵模式等。近几十年来,随着低温白云石研究的不断深入,微生物白云石模式作为一种新的成因模式被提出并不断被完善。本文回顾了微生物成因白云石的研究进展,总结了低温白云石形成的3个动力学障碍(镁离子的高水合能、硫酸根的存在、碳酸根离子的低浓度和低活度),简要介绍了微生物成因白云石模式的建立、微生物成因白云石的生长过程及发育特征,系统分析了微生物在白云石形成过程中的调节作用,指出微生物(如硫酸盐还原菌、古甲烷菌)的存在可以改变溶液中的离子平衡,进而有利地克服白云石形成过程中的动力学障碍,并列举了低温微生物成因白云石的氧同位素指标在古温度恢复和过去气候变化研究中的应用,最后对微生物成因白云石相关研究方向(如多学科交叉、新技术应用等)加以展望。对微生物成因白云石模式的深入认识,将为正确解释"白云岩问题"提供新的途径,也将为石油学家关心的白云岩储层问题提供新的理论基础和研究思路。  相似文献   

黄海北部海域沉积物反硝化细菌数量及反硝化速率的季节变化          下载免费PDF全文

晨曦  于江华  王晓东  赵阳国  王纯杰 《海洋科学》2011,35(6):48-51

用乙炔抑制法和最大或然数（most probable number,MPN）法对黄海北部海域沉积物反硝化速率及反硝化细菌数量的季节变化进行了研究,结果表明,该海域反硝化速率在夏季最大,范围在3．2～7．5μmol／（m^2·h）之间,平均值为4．85μmol／（m^2·h）;而在春、秋季其范围分别为0．26～2．65μmol／（m^2·h）和1．21～4．12μmol／（m^2·h）。该研究海域3个季节反硝化细菌数量差别较大,春、夏、秋季分别在1．78×10^4～8．12×10^4,1．18×10^6～6．18×10^6和0．72×10^5～4．50×10^5个／g之间。春、秋两季反硝化速率和反硝化细菌数量之间呈显著性正相关,相关系数分别为0．759和0．750（P〈0．05）。本结果可为黄海北部海域氮循环机制研究提供重要参考。  相似文献   

A VIBRIO ANGUILLARUM STRAIN ASSOCIATED WITH SKIN ULCER ON CULTURED FLOUNDER, PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS     

莫照兰  谭训刚  徐永立  张培军 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2001,(4)

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｗａｓｆｏｃｕｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｎｅｅｄｔｏｓｔｕｄｙｔｈｅｂａｃｔｅｒｉｏｌｏｇｙｏｆｍａｒｉｎｅｆｉｓｈｉｎＣｈｉｎａ ,ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｂａｃｔｅｒｉａａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙｉｎｍａｒｉｎｅｆｉｓｈｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｎｄｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｌｏｓｓｔｏｆｉｓｈｆａｒｍｓ (Ｄｅｎｇｅｔａｌ.,1 996;Ｌｉｎｅｔａｌ.,1 999) .Ｖｉｂｒｉｏｇｅｎｕｓｂａｃｔｅｒｉａｈａｖｅｅｍｅｒｇｅｄａｓｔ…  相似文献   

A VIBRIO ANGUILIARUM STRAIN ASSOCIATED WITH SKIN ULCER ON CULTURED FLOUNDER, PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Mo Zhao-lan  Tan Xun-gang  Xu Yong-li  Zhang Pei-jun 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2001,19(4):319-326

The characteristics of a bacterium strain M3, isolated from cultured flounderParalichthys olivaceus with remarkable external sign of skin ulcer during an epizootic outbreak, indicated that the bacterium belonged to the speciesVibrio anguillarum. Challenge by I.M. (intramuscular injection), bath, and oral administration with M3 showed that it was highly pathogenic forParalichthys olivacues. The LD₅₀ dose was 5.144×10³ CFU/ per fish infection by I.M. injection. Recovered inoculated bacteria from the surviving fish revealed that the asymptomatic carriers could be a latent contagious source. Study of the effect of bacterial culture CFS (cell-free-supernatant) showed that the exotoxins produced by M3 play an important role in its pathogenicity for flounder. The resistance of M3 to 36 out of 41 antibiotics indicated that the bacterial disease outbreak was mainly attributable to the frequent and excessive use of antimicrobial agents; and that vaccination would be an effective precaution against bacterial disease. Contribution No. 4107 from Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science. Contribution No. 270 from Experimental marine Biology Laboratory, CAS. Funded by projects under the Major State Basic Research Development Program, Grant G1999012003.  相似文献   

Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Different Fractions of the Coelomocytes of Holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix in Response to the Thermostable Toxin of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in Vitro     

Dolmatova  L.S. Eliseykina  M.G. Timchenko  N.F. Kovaleva  A.L. Shitkova  O.A. 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2003,21(4):293-304

Pure fraction (92% - 95%) of phagocytes (FP) and a mixture of amoebocytes (62%) and morula cells (38 % )-FPMC- of the holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix ( Holothuroidea,Dendrochirota ) were obtained by using ficoll-verographine step gradient. Basal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in FP quantified by using reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) was more than twice that in FPMC. Thermostable toxin of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (TST) at differentconcentrations ( 0.2; 0.5; 2.5 μg/ml, but not 0.1 μg/ml) stimulated NBT reduction in FPMC after 24 h incubation. In FP, TST at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.2 μg/ml inhibited and at concentrations of 0.5 and 2.5 μg/ml stimulated NBT reduction after 24 h incubation. Maximal effect was observed in FP and FPMC at TST concentrations of 0.5 and 0.2 μg/ml, respectively. Addition of catalase (0.7 μg/ml) to the cells treated with TST (2.5 μg/ml) was followed by a decrease in NBT reduction compared to that under toxin treatment alone. TST stimulated superoxide dismutase activity in ccncentration-dependent manner (maximum at 0.5 μg/ml concentration in FP) after 24 htreatment, and this stimulation was prevented by a commercial catalase. Plant lectin concanavalin A stimulated NBT reduction more than 5-fold in FPMC compared to the control. With addition of TST, lectin stimulated ROS to lesser extent than that with lectin alone. When catalase, TST, and lectin were added into the FPMC simultaneously, ROS increase was similar to that under lectin treatment alone. On the whole, data obtained indicated that ROS generation in holothurian coelomocytes especially occurs in both stimulated and not stimulated phagocytes, and that changes in ROS production by these cells may be one of the mechanisms of antibacterial protection of holothurians.  相似文献   

2011年夏季北极王湾细菌群落结构分析及浮游细菌丰度检测          下载免费PDF全文

乔宗赟曾胤新  董培艳郑天凌 《极地研究》2015,27(3):246-254

采用PCR-DGGE方法,对2011年夏季北极王湾表层海水及沉积物细菌的群落分析结果表明,沉积物中的细菌多样性指数高于海水。深水站位(S1和S3)的沉积物细菌群落不但与浮游细菌群落存在差异,并且与浅水站位(S5)也存在差异。位于湾口、湾内的浮游细菌群落组成也存在一定差异。测序结果显示,王湾海洋细菌的多样性组成包括α-变形细菌、γ-变形细菌、δ-变形细菌、放线菌、拟杆菌及厚壁菌等类群。基于定量PCR方法的检测结果表明,位于湾口、湾内的浮游细菌丰度相似,但湾内玫瑰杆菌支系的丰度明显低于湾口。研究结果表明,与湾口相比,王湾湾内的细菌群落受陆源性淡水输入的影响明显,不但表现在细菌群落的多样性组成上,也表现在某些特定细菌类群的数量分布上。  相似文献   

海洋沉积物细菌群落结构对芘和苯甲酸钠胁迫的响应     

孙向楠  胡晓珂  王慧 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(6):1304-1311

应用分子生态学方法, 研究在不同芳香族化合物胁迫下海洋沉积物中细菌群落结构的演替 规律。在实验室建立驯化系统, 在海洋沉积物中分别添加芘和苯甲酸钠, 采用Illumina MiSeq 高通量 测序技术分析实验组和对照组细菌群落16S rRNA 基因V3-V4 可变区数量的组成及变化, 研究沉积物 中添加芘、苯甲酸钠后, 微生物群落多样性和群落结构的变化。实验结果表明: 芘、苯甲酸钠极大地 降低了海洋沉积物中菌群丰度和多样性; 在添加苯甲酸钠的实验组, 变形杆菌门中海杆菌属 (Marinobacter)、假海源菌属(Pseudidiomarina)的细菌显著富集; 在添加芘实验组中拟杆菌门中的 Balneola 属、碳酸噬胞菌属(Aequorivita)极大富集。初步分析了在海洋沉积物环境中不同多环芳烃胁迫 下细菌群落结构的演替特征, 实验结果为海洋环境中针对不同芳香烃的微生物修复提供理论依据。  相似文献