沉井下沉阻力离心模型试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周和祥  马建林  张凯  罗朝洋  杨柏 《岩土力学》2019,40(10):3969-3976

如何正确计算沉井的下沉阻力一直是沉井结构设计的难点,为了更加深入地研究沉井下沉阻力及其分布规律,通过离心机模型试验分别对4组不同埋深工况下的沉井进行了下沉模拟,对沉井侧壁土压力、刃脚斜面土压力、刃脚踏面土压力、沉井内外土面沉降进行了分析。研究结果表明：侧壁土压力随入土深度的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,可采用分段函数形式对其大小及分布形式进行简化计算;刃脚斜面土压力呈三次多项式分布形式;随着刃脚入土深度的增加,刃脚斜面与踏面土阻力均显著增大,而单位投影宽度刃脚斜面与踏面土阻力比基本保持不变;沉井下沉会导致井外土面沉降,井内紧靠沉井内壁的土面沉降,离沉井内壁有一定距离的土面隆起。上述试验与分析成果可为理论研究与工程设计提供参考。  相似文献   

压重顶进框构下穿高铁引起桥墩变形及控制技术     

李悄  孟繁增  牛远志 《岩土力学》2019,40(9):3618-3624

以某高速公路下穿京沪高铁工程为例,提出一种基于"卸载-加载平衡"理念的压重顶进框构方案,并对高铁桥墩变形及控制技术进行研究。结果表明,高速公路在高铁桥下开挖10 m深,开挖体量近10万方。采用压重顶进框构方案,施工中边顶进、边监测、边通过框顶堆土、桥下堆土、框内留土等措施加载压重,可有效控制高铁的隆起变形。在通车运营3个月后,高铁相邻桥墩累计最大差异沉降为2.7mm,距离规范限值留有46%的余量,满足规范要求。轨检表明,无砟轨道平顺性满足运营要求。对比分析表明,数值模型中粉质黏土压缩模量可采用P0~P0+100 kPa(P0为土体自重应力)应力区间对应的模量值,卸载模量可取为压缩模量的3~5倍。  相似文献   

基于纤维模型的高墩连续刚构桥地震行波效应分析     

张磊  韩强  杜修力 《震灾防御技术》2009,4(3):312-320

本文基于在MSC.Marc中加入纤维模型编制的THUFIBER程序的基础上,分别采用纤维模型和三维实体单元模型模拟桥墩和上部结构,建立高墩大跨连续刚构桥有限元模型。同时,采用2008年汶川地震波,分析了行波效应对四川某高墩大跨连续刚构桥非线性地震反应的影响。结果表明：行波效应对高墩桥的墩顶位移和墩底剪力影响较大,墩顶位移减小了20%—50%;而墩底剪力增大了20%—30%。  相似文献   

公路桥梁地震易损性和震后恢复过程   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

孙振凯  邹其嘉 《华南地震》1999,19(2):62-70

采用专家调查的方式,统计的我国各种主要公路桥梁在不同烈度的地震发生后可能遭受的结构破坏和功能损失,以及地震发生后所需要的恢复时间。通过分析,给出了大、中、小种规模的斜拉、悬索、板梁式和拱式桥梁的结构破坏概率矩阵、设施损失率、功能损失率分布、损失功能恢复所需要的时间和桥梁在遭受破坏期间所损失的工作日数,并将研究结果与唐山地震之后的实际调查结果进行了对比,得到了一些有益的结果。  相似文献   

旋转地震合成及其在大跨度悬索桥中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

蓝先林  马白虎  贾宏宇  徐向东  杜镔 《世界地震工程》2023,39(1):164-172

为探究旋转地震动在大跨度悬索桥中的应用,首先,从线弹性理论和功率谱角度基于随机振动理论提出了6维地震动加速度功率谱模型;其次,基于MATLAB编制旋转地震动人工地震合成程序,从反应谱角度对合成地震动进行了正确性验证和拟合精度迭代调整;最后,分析了旋转地震动与地震动入射角对桥梁结构地震响应的影响。研究表明：人工合成的地震动平动分量反应谱与实测地震动的平动分量反应谱吻合度较高;六维地震动的主梁跨中竖向位移越是三维平动地震动的3倍,而主缆轴力峰值接近2.25E+05kN,约是三维平动地震动的1.3倍;旋转地震动和地震动入射角将会加大桥梁结构的位移响应和内力响应,且会减小塔底截面和桩最不利截面的安全性。  相似文献   

泥岩地基桥梁钻孔灌注桩承载力试验研究     

钱让清 《煤田地质与勘探》2005,33(3):42-44

根据安徽省安庆市某高速公路桥梁工程3根钻孔灌注桩的单桩竖向抗压静载试验,以及桩身轴力传递和桩侧阻力性状的测试,分析了其静载试验Q~s曲线的特性、桩身轴力传递机理、桩侧阻力和桩端阻力发挥性状,探讨了钻孔方法、泥浆循环等施工因素对钻孔灌注桩的工程性状的影响,揭示了泥岩地基中桥梁钻孔灌注桩的承载力特性和破坏机理模式。   相似文献   

Reduction of pounding effects in elevated bridges during earthquakes     

Robert Jankowski  Krzysztof Wilde  Yozo Fujino 《地震工程与结构动力学》2000,29(2):195-212

Pounding of adjacent superstructure segments in elevated bridges during severe earthquakes can result in significant structural damage. The aim of this paper is to analyse several methods of reduction of the negative effects of collisions induced by the seismic wave propagation effect. The analysis is conducted on a detailed three‐dimensional structural component model of an isolated highway bridge. The results show that the influence of pounding on the structural response is significant in the longitudinal direction of the bridge and significantly depends on the gap size between superstructure segments. The smallest response can be obtained for very small gap sizes and for gap sizes large enough to prevent pounding. Further analysis indicates that the bridge behaviour can be effectively improved by placing hard rubber bumpers between segments and by stiff linking the segments one with another. The experimental results show that, for the practical application of such connectors, shock transmission units can be used. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

伸缩缝刚度对大跨度悬索桥动力特性的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

严琨  王立新  姜慧 《震灾防御技术》2017,12(3):667-676

伸缩缝作为大跨度桥梁与引桥之间的重要连接构件,其抗推刚度及可能存在的变异性对主桥及引桥动力特性的影响不可忽略。本文建立了大跨度悬索桥及引桥的有限元模型,采用弹簧单元模拟加劲梁与引桥箱梁之间的伸缩缝,分析伸缩缝刚度对悬索桥及引桥自振特性及其地震响应的影响规律。分析结果表明:伸缩缝刚度对加劲梁的横弯振型、竖弯与纵飘耦合振型的频率有明显的影响;伸缩缝刚度的变化会导致加劲梁与引桥的振型相互耦合,同时这些振型的频率发生相应的突变,当伸缩缝刚度较大时,加劲梁两个竖弯与纵飘的耦合振型解耦成为独立的竖弯和纵飘振型;当引桥与悬索桥加劲梁的纵飘振型发生耦合时,在纵向和竖向地震作用下的悬索桥及引桥的地震响应达到最小。伸缩缝刚度对悬索桥动力特性影响的分析可为悬索桥的模态参数确认、损伤识别、抗震性能分析提供有价值的借鉴。  相似文献   

Nonsmooth dynamics prediction of measured bridge response involving deck‐abutment pounding          下载免费PDF全文

Zhongqi Shi  Elias G. Dimitrakopoulos 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(9):1431-1452

Earthquake‐induced deck‐abutment contact alters the boundary conditions at the deck level and might activate a different mechanical system than the one assumed during the design of the bridge. Occasionally this discrepancy between the assumed and the actual seismic behavior has detrimental consequences, for example, pier damage, deck unseating, or even collapse. Recently, an insightful shake‐table testing of a scaled deck‐abutment bridge model 1 , showed unexpected in‐plane rotations even though the deck was straight. These contact‐induced rotations produced significant residual displacements and damage to the piers and the bents. The present paper utilizes that experimental data to examine the validity and the limitations of a proposed nonsmooth dynamic analysis framework. The results show that the proposed approach satisfactorily captures the planar rigid‐body dynamics of the deck which is characterized by deck‐abutment contact. The analysis brings forward the role of friction on the physical mechanism behind the rotation of the deck, and underlines the importance of considering the frictional contact forces during deck‐abutment interaction even for straight bridges, which typically are neglected. Finally, the paper investigates the sensitivity of the rotation with respect to macroscopic contact parameters (i.e., the coefficient of friction and the coefficient of restitution). Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Nonlinear FE model updating and reconstruction of the response of an instrumented seismic isolated bridge to the 2010 Maule Chile earthquake          下载免费PDF全文

Yong Li  Rodrigo Astroza  Joel P. Conte  Pedro Soto 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(15):2699-2716

Nonlinear finite element (FE) modeling has been widely used to investigate the effects of seismic isolation on the response of bridges to earthquakes. However, most FE models of seismic isolated bridges (SIB) have used seismic isolator models calibrated from component test data, while the prediction accuracy of nonlinear FE models of SIB is rarely addressed by using data recorded from instrumented bridges. In this paper, the accuracy of a state‐of‐the‐art FE model is studied through nonlinear FE model updating (FEMU) of an existing instrumented SIB, the Marga‐Marga Bridge located in Viña del Mar, Chile. The seismic isolator models are updated in 2 phases: component‐wise and system‐wise FEMU. The isolator model parameters obtained from 23 isolator component tests show large scatter, and poor goodness of fit of the FE‐predicted bridge response to the 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule, Chile Earthquake is obtained when most of those parameter sets are used for the isolator elements of the bridge model. In contrast, good agreement is obtained between the FE‐predicted and measured bridge response when the isolator model parameters are calibrated using the bridge response data recorded during the mega‐earthquake. Nonlinear FEMU is conducted by solving single‐ and multiobjective optimization problems using high‐throughput cloud computing. The updated FE model is then used to reconstruct response quantities not recorded during the earthquake, gaining more insight into the effects of seismic isolation on the response of the bridge during the strong earthquake.  相似文献