Mechanism of loading on plates due to explosive detonation     

W. L. Fourney  U. Leiste  R. Bonenberger  D. J. Goodings 《Fragblast: International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation》2005,9(4):205-217

This paper investigates the various mechanisms and parameters that are responsible for delivering impulse to a vehicle that is unfortunate enough to detonate a buried mine. Small scale tests are used to examine the effects of air blast or ejected sand in imparting impulse to a plate that is located above the surface of the saturated soil that contains the explosive. Parameters such as confinement, stand off distance, depth of burial of the explosive, density of the soil, and saturation level of the soil are also examined.  相似文献   

老盐井组井型互换再利用工程实践          下载免费PDF全文

郭家轩  张旭  胡志兴 《探矿工程》2021,48(6):7-14

水平钻井连通水溶采卤一直是开采井矿盐资源最常用和最经济有效的手段,但由于地层条件复杂、饱和卤水结晶、套管破损等因素造成盐井组采卤运行过程中通道堵塞,一直是制约盐井组运行年限的主要原因。近些年,对堵塞井组修治常用方法有憋压、通井、开窗侧钻,其中水平井开窗侧钻重新对接现有溶腔在很多盐田区块修井中被广泛应用。在河北宁晋石盐田Y2-Y4井组修井过程中,存在老溶腔无法再利用的情况,此时老溶腔成为井组二次对接的“累赘”。在该区块首次采用井组井型互换（水平井改直井,直井改水平井）的方法,避开了老溶腔,实现了老井组的再利用。  相似文献   

节理分布空间变异的地下洞室稳定性概率分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王川  冷先伦  李海轮  李刚 《岩土力学》2021,(1):224-232,244

以岩土材料力学参数空间变异性的"点估计-有限元"分析方法为基础,结合节理分析时自身存在几何模型、网格划分等特性,扩展了该方法在节理分布空间变异性分析方面的适用性,明确了具体的研究步骤与方法。以某抽水蓄能水电站为例,通过分析节理空间变异性对围岩变形与塑性区的影响,验证了扩展后该方法的准确性和合理性。对工程案例开挖揭露的1400余条节理进行概率统计,建立了节理空间变异性的有限元分析模型;采用扩展后的概率分析方法,研究了节理分布对地下洞室群围岩开挖稳定性的影响。研究结果表明:(1)对比概率分析得到的围岩变形概率分布与现场监测结果,发现剔除变形异常点后监测变形量值大部分位于得到的位移概率分布范围内,说明节理的空间变异性是导致监测变形波动的主要影响因素;(2)围岩变形概率分布的标准差能有效识别出围岩开挖变形受节理空间变异性的影响程度,对于所给出的案例依次为:机窝>边墙>顶拱;(3)围岩塑性区的概率分区能合理判断地下洞室群开挖时受节理影响较大的区域和范围,为工程施工的支护设计提供依据。  相似文献   

周期-频度谱在小爆破自动识别研究中的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张春贺  郑秀芬  许绍燮  梁建宏 《地震地磁观测与研究》2006,27(5):24-28

历年来在所开展小爆破识别与判据研究的基础上,进行了计算机易于实现爆炸事件自动识别判据的研究,通过对近震、爆破、矿塌和远震事件的周期-频度谱、波形不规则指数、卓越周期开展的研究,确定了切实可行的爆破事件自动识别方法和判据,达到了77%以上的正确自动识别概率。关键词爆破;自动识别;周期-频度谱;波形不规则指数;卓越周期  相似文献   

A coupling method for soil structure interaction problems     

M. Souli  I. Shahrour 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(9):1140-1153

This paper describes a soil‐structure coupling method to simulate blast loading in soil and structure response. For the last decade, simulation of soil behavior under blast loading and its interaction with semi buried structure in soil becomes the focus of computational engineering in civil and mechanical engineering communities. In current design practice, soil‐structure interaction analysis often assumes linear elastic properties of the soil and uses small displacement theory. However, there are numerous problems, which require a more advanced approach that account for soil‐structure interaction and appropriate constitutive models for soil. In simplified approaches, the effect of soil on structure is considered using spring‐dashpot‐mass system, and the blast loading is modeled using linearly decaying pressure–time history based on equivalent trinitrotoluene and standoff distance, using ConWep, a computer program based on semi‐empirical equations. This strategy is very efficient from a CPU time computing point of view but may not provide accurate results for the dynamic response of the structure, because of its significant limitations, mainly when soil behavior is strongly nonlinear and when the buried charge is close to the structure. In this paper, both soil and explosive are modeled using solid elements with a constitutive material law for soil, and a Jones–Wilkins–Lee equation of state for explosive. One of the problems we have encountered when solving fluid structure interaction problems is the high mesh distortion at the contact interface because of high fluid nodal displacements and velocities. Similar problems have been encountered in soil structure interaction problems. To prevent high mesh distortion for soil, a new coupling algorithm is performed at the soil structure interface for structure loading. The coupling method is commonly used for fluid structure interaction problems in automotive and aerospace industry for fuel sloshing tank, and bird impact problems, but rarely used for soil structure interaction problems, where Lagrangian contact type algorithms are still dominant. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Tunnel blasting techniques in difficult ground conditions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. K. Chakraborty  J. L. Jethwa 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1994,12(4):219-239

Summary The quality of tunnelling can be improved by proper blast design which takes into account the rock mass conditions. The effects of different rock mass properties on tunnel blast performance need to be assessed. The strength of the formation and joint orientation critically affected fragmentation and overbreak in a model study of blasting. Similar effects were noted in situ when the performance of a blast pattern in different rock mass conditions in the Tandsi inclines (Bihar, India) were analysed. Accordingly, the on-going blast pattern was modified for the poor ground conditions prevailing in the rest of the inclines. Improved fragmentation and smooth profile were obtained as a result; the rate of drivage improved considerably and the cost of excavation was reduced. Based on the observations in the model studies and the investigations at Tandsi, some guidelines for optimum blast design in difficult ground conditions are suggested.  相似文献   

Crustal Stress Measurement for Significant Project Construction and Its Application in Design     

Guo Qiliang 《中国地震研究》2007,21(3):345-354

The hydrofracturing technique has developed into a reliable and practical method for determining the original three-dimensional crustal stress state of underground caverns,the load-bearing capacity of a high pressure cavern itself,and the high pressure hydraulic permeability of rock masses,and has also been extensively used in disposal of nuclear waste,long and deeply-buried traffic channels and high-pressure cavern engineering for hydraulic power plants.The practice shows that the comprehensive measurement of the physical parameters of the rock mass and taking full use of the wall rock load-bearing capacity to optimize the engineering design hold are very useful in ensuring the engineering safety and improving the design level.  相似文献   

河南平顶山平煤矿区天然地震、爆破、塌陷时频特征分析     

高家乙  刘晓锋  闫睿 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(3):67-74

选取2019年3月—8月河南平顶山市宝丰县平煤矿区发生的ML 2.0—2.9天然地震、爆破、塌陷等9次震动事件,在区域地质构造背景和波形特征分析基础上,采用短时傅里叶变换(STFT)方法开展时频波谱分析,提取不同类型事件的时频特征。结果显示:(1)天然地震频率成分丰富,且高、低频分布均匀,P波在约3 Hz和8 Hz处存在2个峰值,S波存在多个峰值;(2)爆破事件的时频谱相对集中,以低频为主,P波频率峰值约5Hz,信号主频随时间变化,大致呈线性降低至1—2 Hz;(3)塌陷事件频率成分以4 Hz以下的低频为主,P波无明显峰值且频率成分单一,主频出现在2 Hz左右的面波。本文结果可为今后该矿区震动事件类型判断提供参考依据。  相似文献   

Model of a strong volcanic blast and a method of estimating the mass ejected     

N.N.Myagkov 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,133(1):209-211

A hydrodynamic model of a strong volcanic blast associated with large (caldera-forming) ash–gas-flow eruptions is presented. We show that the mass erupted from a vent influences considerably the damping of the shock wave. If the ejected mass flux is constant, the shock amplitude as a function of distance will decrease slower (in accordance with the inverse 4/3 power law) than that of an atomic explosion (the inverse cube power law). From the modelling, we extract a relation connecting the effective energy of a blast with the mass ejected during the blast phase. The mass released during the largest explosion of the 1883 eruption of Krakatau, and the lateral blast energy at Mount St. Helens on 1980 May 18 are estimated on the basis of the equation obtained.  相似文献   

塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏溶洞充填物特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

徐微  蔡忠贤  贾振远  林忠民 《现代地质》2010,24(2)

塔河油田奥陶系缝洞型储层是该区最重要的油气生产层段,古岩溶作用产生的大量溶洞作为油气的存储空间,具有举足轻重的意义。通过对11口井充填溶洞的岩心观察,划分出化学沉(淀)积岩相、搬运型岩相、垮塌型岩相、渗流充填相4大类溶洞充填相。搬运型岩相为溶洞的早期充填产物,当地表岩溶的溶蚀作用发展到一定程度时岩石会发生崩落,崩落的结果就产生了垮塌型岩相,后期的渗流充填相以填隙物的形式充填在垮塌型岩相里。据区内Ta井的典型溶洞充填特征,归纳出其充填序列为上部的溶洞破裂相、中部的塌陷相及下部的海水侵入充填相。溶洞充填物中微量元素、稀土元素等的地球化学特征,证实区内存在海水-淡水混合岩溶,对油田的开发生产具有很好的指导意义。  相似文献