喜马拉雅珠峰地区冬季大气气溶胶化学组分及光学特征     

钟苗  徐建中  张兴华  冯琳 《冰川冻土》2021,43(1):80-91

为了研究喜马拉雅山北坡冬季大气气溶胶化学组分、光学特征及来源,2017年11—12月在珠穆朗玛峰站(QOMS)共采集22个PM2.5样品.结果显示:PM2.5中包括水溶性离子(WSIs)、有机质(OM)、元素碳(EC)在内的所有检测成分,总质量浓度为(3.36±1.06)μg·m-3;有机碳(OC)、元素碳(EC)和水...  相似文献   

斑纹鲟凝集素(CFL)的初步研究Ⅱ.CFL的分子组成及性质鉴定   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

戴聪杰  王桂忠  李少菁  艾春香 《海洋学报》2006,28(3):98-102

采用生化方法对斑纹鲟(Charybdis feriatus)凝集素进行了初步研究.结果表明,斑纹鲟的血清中有动物红细胞和微生物细胞凝集活性的凝集素(Charybdis feriatuslectin,CFL),其活力表现依赖于Ca2+,并为多种糖所抑制;CFL对40℃以上的温度敏感,其活力在pH6.0~8.0内稳定.经巯基乙醇处理和未经巯基乙醇处理的CFL在SDS-PAGE上均为一条蛋白带,说明斑纹鲟凝集素不含二硫键,且只有一种亚基,分子量为40.8 kDa,CFL氨基酸组成分析表明其富含酸性氨基酸.  相似文献   

TOC-IRMS联用在线高温氧化测定溶解有机碳稳定同位素组成的方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

粟蓉  申凯文  尹希杰  杨海丽 《应用海洋学学报》2023,42(2):339-345

本研究利用总有机碳分析仪联用稳定同位素质谱仪(TOC-IRMS)技术,探讨了高温氧化法测试水体中溶解有机碳(Dissolved Organic Carbon, DOC)含量及稳定碳同位素组成。根据溶解有机碳的组成特征,从氧化难易程度、分子结构等方面选取5种可溶于水的化合物：咖啡因、葡萄糖、邻苯二甲酸、乙酸钾和腐殖酸钠,配置成DOC溶液。通过改变溶液碳含量、氧化温度、通氧量大小,载气流速等参数,研究不同实验条件对DOC碳转化率及δ¹³C值的影响。TOC-IRMS在氧化温度850℃,通氧时长20 s(流速10 cm³/min),载气流速80 cm³/min的条件下,测得5种化合物不同浓度DOC溶液的平均碳转化率为95.69%～103.57%;δ¹³C值与标定参考值基本一致,差值范围为-0.82‰～0.55‰。在上述实验条件下,测得不同类型水样的DOC含量相对标准偏差小于3.7%,δ¹³C值的标准偏差小于0.2‰,结果表明TOC-IRMS联用在线高温氧化法测定不同类型水样的DOC含量...  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油地球化学特征及其成因   总被引：25，自引：5，他引：20  

段毅  吴保祥  张辉  郑朝阳  王传远 《地质学报》2006,80(2):301-310

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油进行系统地采样和高分辨率的GC-MS、IRMS分析,研究了原油的生物标志化合物和碳同位素组成特征,并且进行了油源对比,探讨了其成因。研究资料指示了所研究原油属于同一成因类型;原油有机母质为菌藻类和高等植物,特别是高等植物为原油的形成作出了贡献;原油形成于弱还原和淡水或微咸水环境;原油均为成熟原油;原油地球化学特征和上三叠统延长组长,油层组具有亲缘关系,反映了原油主要来源于长,油层组。这些研究结果为盆地的石油勘探提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Chemical Composition of Ancient Celadon Material （1127-1279 A.D.） from Zhejiang, China and Its Implication     

PENG Zicheng LEUNG Po Lau YU Peter CHENG Peikai LI Mai 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(5):759-762

The microprobe EDXRF equipment was used for analysis of the major and trace elements in glaze layer-transitive layer-body layer of the celadon from the Altar Yao （Kiln） and Laohudong Yao in the Southern Song Dynasty （1127-1279 A.D.）, Zhejiang, China. The K values of the discriminant factor for the celadon wares are larger than 8, which means the celadon of the Altar Yao and Laohudong Yao are different from that of the Longquan Yao. The former two belong to the Guan Yao system （the Chinese imperial kilns）, but the latter to the Min Yao system （the Chinese popular kilns）. The principle component analysis shows their relationship between the Altar and Laohudong wares with provenance postulation. The thickness of the transitive layer in the Altar and Laohudong wares is obviously different, which reveals the microstructure characteristics of the celadon even though both kinds of wares belong to the imperial kiln system.  相似文献   

Comparative studies on carbon origin of dawsonite between Hailaer Basin in China and Bowen-Gunnedah-Sydney basin system in Australia     

Yuqiao GAO  Li LIU  Qi'an MENG  Yan XU  Xiyu QU  Xianmei JIN 《世界地质(英文版)》2007,10(2)

Dawsonite, NaAlCO3(OH)2, is widespread as a cement, replacement and cavity filling in Hailaer Basin in China and Bowen-Gunnedah-Sydney (BGS) basin system in Australia. The origin of dawsonite is emphatically contrasted and analyzed through stable isotopic composition. Dawsonite δ13C values ranging from -4.0×10-3 to 4.1×10-3 are remarkably consistent through the BGS basin system. The calculated δ13C values of CO2 gas in isotopic equilibrium with dawsonite range from -11.3×10-3 to -4.6×10-3. These values indicate carbon of dawsonite came from inorganic CO2 gas accompanied by magmatic activity. In Hailaer Basin, the Dawsonite δ13C values ranging from -4.64×10-3 to 2.12×10-3 are also consistent. The calculated δ13C values of CO2 gas in isotopic equilibrium with dawsonite range from -11.82×10-3 to -5.11×10-3. According to the coincidence of dawsonite-bearing well and CO2 gas well with mantle source,lying along deep fracture within or adjacent to Yanshanian granite,it is concluded that CO2 gas forming dawsonite is derived from mantle related to magmatic process during the Yanshanian. A little biologic origin carbon owing to petroleum charging intervened when dawsonite formed.  相似文献   

杭州湾和三门湾拖网大型底栖动物群落组成和多样性研究     

严润玄  韩庆喜  王晓波 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(3):484-493

本研究根据2017年8月和2018年8月在东海北部杭州湾和三门湾大型底栖动物的拖网采集资料,对这两个海域的大型底栖动物群落结构和多样性进行了研究。杭州湾的10个站位和三门湾的6个站位共获得61种大型底栖动物,其中甲壳动物最多(22种),其次是鱼类(20种)、软体动物(14种)、棘皮动物(2种)、刺胞动物(2种),多毛类最少(1种)。杭州湾大型底栖动物优势种出现3种,三门湾出现8种,脊尾白虾Palaemoncarinicauda是两个海域唯一的共同优势种。相比2017年,杭州湾和三门湾在2018年鱼类的种类和数量都有明显的增长。根据大型底栖群落的多样性指数,杭州湾不同区域的生物多样性差异较大,而三门湾则较为平均。对杭州湾和三门湾大型底栖动物进行聚类分析和nMDS排序分析,结果表明,杭州湾不同站位大型底栖动物相似度低,Q8、Q9、Q10站位群落结构与三门湾的站位更为接近,三门湾的底栖群落在2017年和2018年存在较大差异。杭州湾和三门湾大型底栖动物群落的变化可能与环境因子、人类活动、厄尔尼诺事件等的变化相关。  相似文献   

舟山群岛外海域鱼类数量分布与环境因子的关系     

于南京  俞存根  许永久  陈立红  许恒涛  王慧君  张佩怡  刘坤 《海洋学报》2020,42(10):80-91

根据2018年4月（春季）和10月（秋季）在舟山群岛外海域进行的渔业资源调查资料,分析了鱼类的种类组成、数量分布和优势种,并用典范对应分析方法分析了其与水文环境之间的关系。结果表明,舟山群岛外海域鱼类有106种,隶属于12目47科80属,春、秋季鱼类质量密度分别为210.50 kg/km2和829.06 kg/km2,尾数密度分别为8.08×103 ind/km2和165.94×103 ind/km2。春季鱼类资源密度在调查海域的西北部较高,东部较低,而秋季鱼类资源密度在东部海域较高,西北部海域较低。两个季节的鱼类优势种更替明显,春季优势种为黄鮟鱇（Lophius litulon）、日本红娘鱼（Lepidotrigla japonica）、细条天竺鲷（Apogon lineatus）,秋季为细条天竺鲷、日本发光鲷（Acropom japonicum）。鱼类种数呈现显著的季节和空间变化,但是都以西部以及西北部靠近近岸岛屿的海域种类数较高,大部分鱼类栖息在50～80 m水深海域。典范对应分析结果表明,表层温度、底层温度、表层盐度是影响调查海域鱼类种类组成和数量分布的主要环境因子。  相似文献   

气候变化对东北大西洋渔获物组成、多样性和营养级的影响     

陈爽  陈新军 《海洋学报》2020,42(10):100-109

东北大西洋是世界上重要的捕捞海域,气候变化对该海域捕捞产生了重要的影响。本文基于联合国粮农组织所提供的1982?2016年东北大西洋渔获产量数据,对该海域渔获物组成、多样性、平均营养级及主成分变化特征进行时间序列上的分析,并结合东北大西洋海域气候、环境因子,应用广义可加模型探究渔获物组成与气候变化之间的关系。结果显示:渔获物多样性的变化总体上呈下降趋势,2002?2010年间处于较低水平;平均营养级在2002年之前呈平缓下降的趋势,2002年之后开始波动上升,相关性分析表明这两个指标与海域环境因子的变化较为相关。对渔获物组成进行主成分分析显示,第一主成份变化的方差解释率达到35.3%,且与海域气候、环境因素有较高的相关性,第一主成分变化能够较好地表征气候影响下渔获物组成变化的情况。广义可加模型分析结果显示,渔获物组成变化的影响因素按解释率由高到低分别为:海表温度、海平面高度、盐度、海冰和北大西洋涛动指数。该研究有助于认识气候变化对海洋渔业资源及其结构组成的影响。  相似文献   

2017年春夏季西北太平洋浮游植物的区域差异及其与不同水团的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林更铭  陈杨航  黄奖  王彦国  叶又茵  杨清良 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(6):107-118

The West Pacific Ocean is considered as the provenance center of global marine life and has the highest species diversity of numerous marine taxa. The phytoplankton, as the primary producer at the base of the food chain,effects on climate change, fish resources as well as the entire ecosystem. However, there are few large-scale surveys covering several currents with different hydrographic characteristics. This study aimed to explore the relationships between the spatio-temporal variation in phytoplankton community structure and different water masses. A total of 630 water samples and 90 net samples of phytoplankton were collected at 45 stations in the Northwest Pacific Ocean(21.0°–42.0°N, 118.0°–156.0°E) during spring and summer 2017. A total of 281 phytoplankton taxa(5 μm) belonging to 61 genera were identified in the study area. The distribution pattern of the phytoplankton community differed significantly both spatially and temporally. The average abundances of phytoplankton in spring and summer were 797.07×10~2 cells/L and 84.94×10~2 cells/L, respectively. Whether in spring or summer, the maximum abundance always appeared in the northern transition region affected by the Oyashio Current, where nutrients were abundant and diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community;whereas the phytoplankton abundance was very low in the oligotrophic Kuroshio region, and the proportion of dinoflagellates in total abundance increased significantly. The horizontal distribution of phytoplankton abundance increased from low to high latitudes, which was consistent with the trend of nutrient distributions, but contrary to that of water temperature and salinity. In the northern area affected by the Oyashio Current, the phytoplankton abundance was mainly concentrated in the upper 30 m of water column, while the maximum abundance often occurred at depths of 50–75 m in the south-central area affected by the Kuroshio Current.Pearson correlation and redundancy analysis(RDA) showed that phytoplankton abundance was significant negatively correlated with temperature and salinity, but positively correlated with nutrient concentration. The phytoplankton community structure was mainly determined by nutrient availability, especially the N:P ratio.  相似文献