辽宁省海城市牌楼镇发达菱镁矿、滑石矿特征     

孙英艳 《吉林地质》2015,(2)

本文叙述了辽宁省海城市牌楼镇发达菱镁矿、滑石矿矿区地层、构造、赋矿层位等控矿因素,对区内菱镁矿、滑石矿矿体特征、矿石矿物组成、矿石化学成分、质量、品级等进行了研究分析,确定该矿床成因为区域沉积变质热液交代型矿床。  相似文献   

南海北部深水区白云凹陷古近系烃源岩的早期预测   总被引：17，自引：3，他引：14  

米立军  刘震  张功成  沈怀磊  常迈  郭瑞  田继先  谭卓 《沉积学报》2007,25(1):139-146

烃源岩评价是深水区油气勘探非常关键的问题,由于深水区没有井钻穿始新统,所以本研究只能根据相邻浅水区钻井和区域对比的方法,通过层序地层格架、沉积相、地震相、地震速度岩性等资料与相邻地区对比识别烃源岩,确定烃源岩的性质和分布。白云凹陷古近系地层沉积中,沉积密集段具有如下特征:(1)准层序逐步向岸推进;(2)陆源碎屑物质供应不足;(3)水体相对较深的中深湖细粒沉积发育。地震反射特征与有利烃源岩具有良好的对应关系,白云凹陷恩平组湖扩体系域和文昌组湖扩体系域发育中弱振幅、中低频率和中高连续性地震相,是有利烃源岩发育区。利用单井资料建立起一个通过孔隙度来预测烃源层有机质成熟度的预测模型,泥岩孔隙度可以较容易从地震信息中获取,从而对白云凹陷的烃源层的热演化程度进行初步评价。根据沉积相与有机相的关系,直接将沉积相转换为有机相,预测有机相类型。在白云凹陷深水烃源岩预测实践的基础上,本文总结了一套深水区烃源岩早期评价方法,包括:(1)层序格架分析法确定有利烃源岩发育的垂向位置;(2)地震反射特征分析法确定烃源岩的横向分布范围;(3)根据泥岩层速度计算烃源岩热成熟度;(4)沉积相转有机相预测有机相类型。(5)对烃源岩进行综合评价优选次洼。  相似文献   

凝缩段的识别及其地质意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李斌  邵长国  陈涌 《华南地质与矿产》2004,(1):64-67

凝缩段是厚度极薄的海相地层单位,由一种沉积速率极缓慢的深海相沉积物组成。区域上,它们在最大海进期间的延伸最为广泛。凝缩段能将由远海微体化石带证实的年代地层构架与近岸浅海沉积层序的物理地层连接起来,因此它是一个联系浅水与深水沉积相的物理地层纽带,通过地震、测井以及露头资料的分析即可识别。凝缩段在区域性和全球性地层对比中起着极为重要的作用。  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷三叠纪布达特群-早白垩世大磨拐河组储层孔隙纵向分布特征   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

王前平  刘立  张新涛  于笠 《世界地质》2005,24(3):225-229

贝尔凹陷是海拉尔盆地最有潜力的油气勘探地区.由于该区储层类型较多,实测孔隙数据较少,很难了解各类储层孔隙在纵向上的分布.根据铸体薄片数据,采用立方体模型来推算原生孔隙度,利用原生孔隙度和视孔隙度与埋深在纵向上的组合规律了解储层孔隙的现今分布特征.通过实验数据推测出该区储层可能发育3个次生孔隙带,分布在埋深1 000～1 200m、1 300～2 000 m和2 040～2 300m,其中1 300～2 000m次生孔隙带已被证实.  相似文献   

Sr,Nd,Pb and trace element systematics of the New Caledonia harzburgites:Tracking source depletion and contamination processes in a SSZ setting     

Arianna Secchiari  Alessandra Montanini  Delphine Bosch  Patrizia Macera  Dominique Cluzel 《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(1):37-55

The New Caledonia ophiolite(Peridotite Nappe)consists primarily of harzburgites,locally overlain by mafic-ultramafic cumulates,and minor spinel and plagioclase lherzolites.In this study,a comprehensive geochemical data set(major and trace element,Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes)has been obtained on a new set of fresh harzburgites in order to track the processes recorded by this mantle section and its evolution.The studied harzburgites are low-strain tectonites showing porphyroclastic textures,locally grading into protomylonitic textures.They exhibit a refractory nature,as attested by the notable absence of primary clinopyroxene,very high Fo content of olivine(91-93 mol.%),high Mg#of orthopyroxene(0.91-0.93)and high Cr#of spinel(0.44-0.71).The harzburgites are characterised by remarkably low REE concentrations(<0.1 chondritic values)and display"U-shaped"profiles,with steeply sloping HREE(DyN/YbN=0.07-0.16)and fractionated LREE-MREE segments(LaN/SmN=2.1-8.3),in the range of modern fore-arc peridotites.Geochemical modelling shows that the HREE composition of the harzburgites can be reproduced by multi-stage melting including a first phase of melt depletion in dry conditions(15%fractional melting),followed by hydrous melting in a subduction zone setting(up to 15%-18%).However,melting models fail to explain the enrichments observed for some FME(i.e.Ba,Sr,Pb),LREE-MREE and Zr-Hf.These enrichments,coupled with the frequent occurrence of thin,undeformed films of Al2 O3,and CaO-poor orthopyroxene(Al2O3=0.88-1.53 wt.%,CaO=0.31-0.56 wt.%)and clinopyroxene with low Na2 O(0.03-0.16 wt.%),Al2 O3(0.66-1.35 wt.%)and TiO2(0.04-0.10 wt.%)contents,point to FME addition during fluid-assisted melting followed by late stage metasomatism most likely operated by subductionrelated melts with a depleted trace element signature.Nd isotopic ratios range from unradiogenic to radiogenic(-0.80<εNdi≤+13.32)and negatively correlate with Sr isotopes(0.70257≤87Sr/86Sr≤0.70770).Pb isotopes cover a wide range,trending from DMM toward enriched,sediment-like,compositions.We interpret the geochemical signature displayed by the New Caledonia harzburgites as reflecting the evolution of a highly depleted fore-arc mantle wedge variably modified by different fluid and melt inputs during Eocene subduction.  相似文献   

三维重磁人机交互解释的剖面成体建模方法     

肖敦辉  董方灵 《地理与地理信息科学》2009,25(5)

由于重磁异常人机交互解释过程中三维地质体模型的构建和编辑操作在二维计算机屏幕上很困难,给物探解释人员带来很大的不便.该文提出了一种将各个剖面上多边形连接成体的建模方法,给出了该地质体模型的正演计算方法,并用VC6.0与OpenGL在开发的三维重磁正反演解释系统中进行了实现.借助该方法,重磁解释人员可方便地编辑地质体模型并且可直观地进行三维显示,从而提高人机交互解释的效率.  相似文献   

Strain variation in fold-and-thrust belts: Implications for construction of retrodeformable models     

Malay Mukul 《Journal of Earth System Science》1999,108(3):207-221

Deformation in fold-and-thrust belts such as the Himalayas can be represented by the displacement vector field. The strain component of the displacement vector field across the fold-and-thrust belt varies from near zero in external thrust sheets to a significant part of the field in internal thrust sheets. In addition, strain exhibits three-dimensional patterns in parts of internal sheets, near fault zones, and in the overturned limbs of fault-related folds due to superposition of penetrative-strain producing deformation events. This paper examines superposition of these strain producing deformation events in some detail and points out situations in fold-and-thrust belts wherein the finite strain becomes three-dimensional. This suggests that the plane-strain assumption used in the construction of retrodeformable models of fold-and-thrust belt evolution breaks down in these situations and the models lose their validity. Therefore, current techniques used for construction of retrodeformable models in fold-and-thrust belts need to be modified and three-dimensional models which include three-dimensional finite and incremental strain data need to be constructed for an accurate study of the evolution of geometry and kinematics in fold-and-thrust belts.  相似文献   

Development and Intercomparison of Condensed Isoprene Oxidation Mechanisms for Global Atmospheric Modeling     

Ulrich Pöschl  Rolf von Kuhlmann  Nathalie Poisson  Paul J. Crutzen 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2000,37(1):29-52

A new condensed isoprene oxidation mechanism forglobal atmospheric modeling (MIM) was derived from ahighly detailed master chemical mechanism (MCM). In abox model intercomparison covering a wide range ofboundary layer conditions the MIM was compared withthe MCM and with five other condensed mechanisms, someof which have already been used in global modelingstudies of nonmethane hydrocarbon chemistry. Theresults of MCM and MIM were generally in goodagreement, but the other tested mechanisms exhibitedsubstantial differences relative to the MCM as well asrelative to each other. Different formation yields,reactivities and degradation pathways of organicnitrates formed in the course of isoprene oxidationwere identified as a major reason for the deviations.The relevance of the box model results for chemistrytransport models is discussed, and the need for avalidated reference mechanism and for an improvedrepresentation of isoprene chemistry in global modelsis pointed out.  相似文献   

Microbial signatures in peritidal siliciclastic sediments: a catalogue   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

Gisela Gerdes  Thomas Klenke  & Nora Noffke 《Sedimentology》2000,47(2):279-308

A catalogue of microbial structural signatures is presented, based upon the coupling of fundamental biogeochemical–microbial processes and local morphogenetic determinants. It summarizes a collection of sedimentary structures obtained from two modern siliciclastic peritidal environments in different climatic zones (temperate humid: Mellum Island, southern North Sea; subtropical arid: coast of southern Tunisia). Textural geometries reveal a high structural diversity, but their determinants are primarily based upon six major parameters: (1) intrinsic biofactors: structural diversification of sedimentary microbial films and mats inherent in the organisms, i.e. their construction morphology, growth, taxis and behaviour, and local abundance of specific morphotypes. Most prominent are the ensheathed filamentous cyanobacteria Microcoleus chthonoplastes and Lyngbya aestuarii, and the sheathless filamentous cyanobacterium Oscillatoria limosa. (2) Biological response to physical disturbances: sediment supply, erosion and fracturing of surface layers resulting from desiccation cause growth responses of biofilms and microbial mats. (3) Trapping/binding effects: physicobiological processes give rise to grain orientations and wavy to lenticular lamina, lamina‐specific grain arrangements and ‘sucrose’ calcium carbonate accumulations. (4) Secondary physical deformation of biogenic build‐ups: mechanical stresses acting upon sediments overgrown and biostabilized by biofilms and mats produce erosional and overthrust structures. (5) Post‐burial processes: textural fabrics that evolve from mechanical effects of gas formation from decaying mats, and features related to the formation of authigenic minerals (calcium carbonates, calcium sulphates, pyrite). (6) Bioturbation and grazing: post‐depositional structures, such as Skolithos‐type dwellings, traces of burrowing insects, gastropod grazing traces and faecal pellets. In synopsis, the catalogue firstly comprises a sound set of ubiquitous signatures. This uniformity in architectural characteristics is attributed to the presence and local dominance of certain microbes throughout the different settings. The catalogue secondly documents signatures that are extremely sensitive to tidal position, hydrodynamic regime and overall climatic conditions. These kinds of signature indicate narrow facies zones, which often coincide with the activity or dominance zones of certain organisms. An overview of structures of microbial origin from the fossil record underlines the potential of many of the signatures included in this catalogue to become fossilized and provide strong indicators of former siliciclastic tidal settings.  相似文献   

华南埃迪卡拉（震旦）系年代地层划分方案及其层型剖面     

陈启聪  唐烽  张恒  高林志  任留东  赵明胜  李玉兰  张立军  赵萌生  陈建书  王约  焦德光  刘军平 《地质学报》2024,98(6):1649-1666

依据华南峡东标准剖面的地球化学和多重地层划分对比资料,2014年全国地层委员会发布了埃迪卡拉（震旦）系年代地层划分暂定方案。该方案近年来已经受到来自生物地层学和同位素地质年代学研究所获得的新成果、新认识的挑战,迫切需要推出新的具体划分方案,建立新的阶一级层型剖面,作为华南乃至全国埃迪卡拉系的对比划分标准。为此,本文建议在埃迪卡拉纪以生物地层学为主确立年代地层单元的划分标准,提出在华南分别建立埃迪卡拉系上统和下统的顶阶层型剖面,即江川阶和瓮会阶。本文推荐了这两阶的相关顶、底界线层型剖面及标志化石、推测年龄和内部细分的化石带;其次初步设计了新的埃迪卡拉系、统、阶年代地层格架（地层柱）,提议待定的上、下统及其余各阶名称,指明今后重点工作、细致研究的层型剖面和对比区域。  相似文献