黏弹性地基板在矩形变速荷载作用下的振动分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

卢正  姚海林  吴莎  吴万平  刘杰 《岩土力学》2010,31(11):3613-3618

利用双重Fourier变换方法,首先推导得到了黏弹性地基板在多个矩形变速移动荷载作用下的动力响应一般解。然后以实际刚性路面为算例,采用快速傅立叶变换(FFT)方法对匀变速荷载作用下的板的动挠度进行了数值求解。与经典解进行了比较,显示出了较好的一致性。利用数值结果重点分析了矩形移动荷载的加速度、减速度以及初速度对板的动态挠度的影响,发现移动荷载加速度、减速度及初速度对黏弹性地基板动力响应的影响十分明显,随着加速度（减速度）和初速度的增大,板的动挠度在关键速度时明显减小;板的动挠度出现峰值的位置对应着不同的加速度（减速度）和初速度,但却对应着相同的关键速度。  相似文献   

泥石流启动过程PFC数值模拟   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

胡明鉴  汪稔  陈中学  王志兵 《岩土力学》2010,31(Z1):394-397

泥石流松散碎屑物质具有散粒体的基本特征,在暴雨激发下容易形成泥石流,整个过程具有散粒体大变形的特征。颗粒流理论是基于离散单元法模拟圆形颗粒介质的运动及其相互作用,在模拟颗粒相互作用和大变形问题研究方面具有显著的优越性。为分析泥石流松散碎屑物质启动形成泥石流的过程及其与土体含水率的关系,采用二维颗粒流程序（PFC2D）分析降雨作用下松散碎屑物质启动形成泥石流的过程,揭示崩滑堆积体在降雨作用下含水率超过临界值后质点运动速度和位移增加,松散碎屑物质启动并加速而导致滑坡泥石流连锁式破坏的过程和机制。  相似文献   

水位变化过程中边坡临界滑动场   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈银斌  朱大勇  姚华彦 《岩土力学》2010,31(Z2):179-183

库水位升降过程中,会引起边坡体内孔隙水压力分布的变化,对边坡的稳定性产生影响。对边坡临界滑动场进行改进,提出了可以考虑水位变化过程的边坡临界滑动场数值模拟方法,方便、快速地计算出边坡局部、整体安全系数在水位变化过程中的变化历程。通过对一个典型边坡在水位上升和下降过程中的稳定性分析,并和其他方法进行比较分析,结果表明,临界滑动场方法能搜索任意形状的最危险滑面,计算的安全系数是合理的。  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠塔中地区春夏季风蚀起沙研究   总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1  

杨兴华  何清  艾力·买买提明 《中国沙漠》2010,30(4):770-776

利用塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中地区的观测资料,对塔中地区春夏季地表土壤风蚀起沙的临界摩擦速度及其变化特征和起沙风速进行了分析研究,并计算了2008年4月19日和7月19日两次沙尘暴天气过程沙漠地表的风蚀起沙量。结果表明:塔中地区春夏季地表起沙的临界摩擦速度为0.26 m·s-1;2 m高度的临界起沙风速约为4.1 m·s-1;两次沙尘暴过程的顺风向沙粒通量和垂直尘粒通量的平均值分别为17.44×10-4 kg·m-1·s-1 、13.8×10-8 kg·m-2·s-1、164.69×10-4 kg·m-1·s-1和799.77×10-8 kg·m-2·s-1;沙尘通量的变化与风速及摩擦速度的变化具有一致性。  相似文献   

饱水白云岩临界点、骨架和流体弹性参数的数值计算   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

刘思思  牛滨华  孙春岩  杨奎 《现代地质》2011,25(1):129-136

基于临界孔隙度模型,提出了用岩石的整体弹性信息反演求取临界点、流体和骨架等局部弹性参数的数值计算方法和双向线性回归计算公式;结合饱水白云岩的样品测试数据,以孔隙度为自变量和因变量,对密度和密度与纵、横波速度平方的乘积分别进行了数值计算。以测试样品的整体信息求得其临界点、流体和骨架弹性参数值,并与实测数据做了相关性分析,其相关系数高达90%,充分表明数值计算公式的正确性和实现方法的有效性。岩石骨架、流体弹性参数的数值反演计算在油气勘探领域中具有巨大潜力,运用测井曲线和地震数据,可以反演求出岩石孔隙中流体弹性参数(密度、速度),对直接指示油层、气层起到重要作用。  相似文献   

云南省宣威市农耕区土壤重金属元素分布影响因素及生态风险评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

秦元礼  张富贵  彭敏  张利  唐瑞玲  成杭新 《地质与勘探》2022,58(2):360-368

为探究云南省碳酸盐岩风化区重金属污染特征及分布影响因素,选取云南省宣威市农垦区为研究对象,利用1:5万土地质量地球化学调查成果,通过分析表层土壤重金属元素累积特征及分布规律,并结合土壤理化性质及地形因素等数据,研究驱动农垦区土壤重金属元素富集的影响因素,并利用富集指数法(EF)和潜在生态风险评价(RI)进行污染评价.结...  相似文献   

Trace metal distribution in sediments of northern continental shelf of Crete Island,Eastern Mediterranean     

S. E. Poulos  C. G. Dounas  G. Alexandrakis  P. Koulouri  P. Drakopoulos 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(4):843-857

The present study investigates the distribution of trace metals (Zn, Hg, Cd, Cu, and Pb), as indicators of pollution, in the surficial offshore shelf sediments along the northern coast of Heraklion Prefecture (Crete, Mediterranean Sea). The concentrations and the spatial distribution of the different trace metals, in relation to the sedimentological characteristics and the water circulation pattern of the entire continental shelf, are associated with human inshore sources of pollutants located along the coastline of the study area. Although the trace metal concentrations measured are higher than the background values, they are not considered to be dangerous to human health, as they are lower than the standard values given by the World Health Organisation, with only a few localised exceptions. Furthermore, results reveal the important role of local hydrodynamism that moves fine-grained material and associated trace metals offshore (seawards to wave breaking zone) and then transports them eastwards by entrapping them in the prevailing offshore shelf-water circulation.  相似文献   

Recent changes in heavy metal storage in flood-plain soils of the Lahn River,central Germany     

Charles W. Martin 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(4):803-814

Between 1995 and 2007, the concentrations of Pb and Zn in floodplain soils increased along a 60-km reach of the Lahn River, Germany, suggesting that the storage of some metals in the fluvial system is out of phase with recent declines in the release of metals to the environment. Re-sampling of surface soils to 5 cm along five transects perpendicular to the river indicated that the concentration of Pb increased between 1995 and 2007 along two transects and was statistically unchanged at the other three. The concentration of Zn increased at three of five transects and was statistically unchanged at two transects over the same time period. Between 1995 and 2007, concentrations of Cu were statistically equal along four of five transects and declined at the other transect. The increase in Pb and Zn was greater in a more rural than in a more urbanized reach of the Lahn River. Soil texture and organic matter content had virtually no impact on the concentration of metals. The increase in Pb concentration suggests a lag between the decline in Pb releases to the environment and its movement through the fluvial system. Increased Zn storage may result from the high solubility of the metal and the relative ease with which it moves through the environment. Environmental controls appear to have slowed Cu storage along the Lahn River, but are not yet reflected in Pb and Zn storage.  相似文献   

Impact of AMD on water quality in critical watershed in the Hudson River drainage basin: Phillips Mine,Hudson Highlands,New York   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sivajini Gilchrist  Alexander Gates  Zoltan Szabo  Paul J. Lamothe 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(2):397-409

A sulfur and trace element enriched U–Th-laced tailings pile at the abandoned Phillips Mine in Garrison, New York, releases acid mine drainage (AMD, generally pH < 3, minimum pH 1.78) into the first-order Copper Mine Brook (CMB) that drains into the Hudson River. The pyrrhotite-rich Phillips Mine is located in the Highlands region, a critical water source for the New York metro area. A conceptual model for derivation/dissolution, sequestration, transport and dilution of contaminants is proposed. The acidic water interacts with the tailings, leaching and dissolving the trace metals. AMD evaporation during dry periods concentrates solid phase trace metals and sulfate, forming melanterite (FeSO₄·7H₂O) on sulfide-rich tailings surfaces. Wet periods dissolve these concentrates/precipitates, releasing stored acidity and trace metals into the CMB. Sediments along CMB are enriched in iron hydroxides which act as sinks for metals, indicating progressive sequestration that correlates with dilution and sharp rise in pH when mine water mixes with tributaries. Seasonal variations in metal concentrations were partly attributable to dissolution of the efflorescent salts with their sorbed metals and additional metals from surging acidic seepage induced by precipitation.  相似文献   

Variation and correlations of selected heavy metals in sediment and aquatic plants in Tasik Chini,Malaysia     

Mohammad Ebrahimpour  Idris Mushrifah 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(4):823-831

This paper aims to determine the correlation between Cd, Cu and Pb concentration in the sediment and in five aquatic plants sampled during wet, normal and dry seasons. Analyses of the sediment showed that concentrations of exchangeable Cd and Cd after acid reduction were higher during the wet season (October) than on other sampling dates with mean values of 0.18 and 0.29 μg g⁻¹, respectively. The concentration of Cu in the organic oxidation phase was higher in the normal season (January) than on other sampling dates with a mean value of 11.1 μg g⁻¹. The concentrations of exchangeable Pb and that in the residual phase were higher during the wet season than on other sampling dates with mean values of 1.05 and 9.18 μg g⁻¹, respectively. Cd and Pb concentrations in the leaves, stems and roots varied between sampling dates with a reduced concentration during dry season (July) and the highest metal concentrations (Cd and Pb) during wet season. There were positive correlations between Cd and Cu concentrations in the plant tissues (leaves, stems and roots) of most aquatic plants in the acid reduction fraction. Conversely, there was no positive correlation between Pb concentration in the plant tissues of all aquatic plants and the acid reduction fraction of the sediment.  相似文献