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21.
Hector A. Hernndez-Arana Ashley A. Rowden Martin J. Attrill Richard M. Warwick Gerardo Gold-Bouchot 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,58(4):825-841
The influence of large-scale natural disturbance from winter storms (‘northers’) and river runoff on the macrobenthic community structure of the southern Gulf of Mexico was investigated in both carbonate and transitional carbonate–terrigenous sedimentary environments. Samples of the infauna were obtained in three seasons from 13 stations from two 250 km transects along 80–170 and 20–50 m water depth. Samples after the northers season had the lowest total number of families and individuals, 114 and 2940, respectively, compared to the dry and rainy seasons with 129 and 132 families and 11580 and 15266 individuals, respectively. Spatial patterns of macroinfauna composition varied across and along the shelf as a response to sedimentary environments and depth. Coarser sediments from the carbonate area harboured the highest mean densities per station with 500–24,000 individuals m−2 and 108–122 families in total, compared to the transitional sediment with 500–8200 individuals m−2 and 56–74 families across the three seasons. Univariate and multivariate statistical techniques demonstrated that low densities and number of taxa were associated with winter storms, but storm influence was dependent on depth and sediment type. Multiple linear regression analysis and BIOENV analysis indicated that sediment mean grain size, percentage of clay and organic matter best explained the macroinfauna spatial patterns, although BIOENV indicated that depth has an overriding role. An increase in densities of opportunistic taxa (numerous polychaetes of small sizes) was observed four months after the ‘northers’ and this was more evident in the area of carbonate sediment. Additionally a combined disturbance from northers and river runoff is suspected to be responsible for a naturally impoverished macroinfauna community in the transitional sedimentary environment. 相似文献
22.
如何计算整个系统的运转效率,特别是受不确定因素影响的系统(如过驳系统),仍然是一个非常重要的研究课题。文章提出基于模糊综合评判方法的效率计算方法,是一种新的尝试,这种方法较好的避免了人的主观随意性,更符合实际情况,同时又可以弥补统计方法的不足。文章对某沿海地区的一过驳系统进行了效率计算,取得比较好的效果。 相似文献
23.
Changes in soils and vegetation in a Mediterranean coastal salt marsh impacted by human activities 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
J. lvarez-Rogel F.J. Jimnez-Crceles M.J. Roca R. Ortiz 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):510-526
This paper reports changes in vegetation distribution and species cover in relation to soil factors and hydrology in a semiarid Mediterranean salt marsh adjacent to the Mar Menor saline lagoon. Species cover, soil salinity, and the groundwater level were monitored between 1991 and 1993 and between 2002 and 2004, and total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrates, ammonium and exchangeable phosphorus were measured in the soils in both study periods. In addition, three soil profiles were described in August 1992 and August 2004. The results indicate an elevation of the water table throughout the 13-year period, which was attributable to water flowing from areas with intensive agriculture. Flooding increased and soil salinity dropped in the most saline sites and increased in the least saline ones. The morphology of the soil profiles reflected the increase in flooding periods, due to the appearance of a greyer matrix in the deeper horizons and a more diffuse pattern of Fe mottles. Following these environmental changes, Sarcocornia fruticosa, Phragmites australis and Juncus maritimus strongly expanded at the wettest sites, which led to the disappearance of the original zonation pattern. The cover of Limonium delicatulum, in turn, decreased with the increase in moisture but increased following the increase in salinity. Changes in soil nutrients were only very evident in the sandy soils of the beach, probably due to the influence of organic debris deposited on the shoreline by the storms and due to the strong increase in the colonisation of this habitat by perennial species. According to the results obtained, control measures are needed in order to preserve habitat diversity in this and other salt marshes of this area. Monitoring of the vegetation distribution could be a useful tool to identify environmental impacts, in order to implement remedial actions. 相似文献
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王昌平 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2008,19(2):142-146
区域性地质灾害危害程度等级尚无比较科学的划分方法。通过福建省区域地质灾害危害程度等级划分的探讨,采用单位面积地质灾害造成的人员死亡数、财产损失值作为“地质灾害模数”,对区域地质灾害危害程度等级进行划分,判别不同区域地质灾害严重程度,为区域地质灾害防治决策提供科学依据。 相似文献
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大别杂岩中混合岩的矿物空间分布研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了矿物空间分布研究的基本原理及两种统计方法(接触频数法和线切法)。作者对混合岩矿物空间分布的研究表明:(1)前人提出的统计方法存在方法上的缺陷和应用上的局限性,作者推导出矿物接触类型的概率公式;(2)部分浅色体中矿物显示聚集分布的特征,而绝大部分的浅色体中矿物具有分散分布的特点。结合质量平衡和地球化学研究认为:大别杂岩中主体混合岩成因机制是重熔和交代作用。 相似文献
29.
Researchontemporalandspatialdistribu┐tion,evolutionarycharacterandmechanismofcrustaldeformationfieldbeforeandaftertheTangshan... 相似文献
30.
新疆第三次荒漠化监测中的问题及其建议 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
回顾了新疆3次在荒漠化监测中所进行的荒漠化监测与评价指标体系的建立,也是新疆开展荒漠化监测的基础;介绍了以遥感与地理信息为主要技术的荒漠化监测评价的方法;阐述了新疆第三次荒漠化监测中存在的问题。指出目前新疆荒漠化评价存在的主要问题是评价指标的不确定性、评价指标体系的难操作性和遥感数据源选用的随机性,进而对上述问题的解决途径进行了讨论。 相似文献