贵州丹寨排庭金汞矿床地质地球化学特征     

李德鹏  杨瑞东  陈军  高军波  郑禄林  杜丽娟 《地质论评》2019,65(5):1153-1169

贵州丹寨金汞矿位于三都—丹寨金—汞—锑多金属成矿带,目前很少进行系统的成矿作用研究。笔者等通过野外调查及系统采样,结合电子探针、同位素分析等手段,对丹寨排庭金汞矿床地质地球化学特征及成因进行了系统研究。电子探针分析表明,不同阶段黄铁矿形状不一,且其中各元素含量不同,毒砂为主要载金矿物;辰砂矿石的稀土配分曲线类似于地层岩石,说明汞矿的成矿物质主要来源于地层;辰砂和辉锑矿的δ34SV-CDT (或δ34SCDT)为2063‰~2353‰,说明二者当中硫主要来源于地层,其次为生物硫。有机碳同位素δ13CV-PDB为-2978‰~-3045‰,方解石的δ13CV-PDB为-056‰~-597‰,δ18OV-SMOW为1523‰~2014‰,结合稀土元素配分型式,表明丹寨排庭金汞矿的成矿流体具有多期次、多来源性,其主要来源为岩浆热液,并结合了大气降水,有机质和生物的还原作用参与了成矿流体的演化,成矿流体中碳可能来源于地幔或岩浆岩或者不同端元流体的混合体,有机质提供了重要的碳源,氧主要来源于围岩。总之,排庭金汞矿床中金、锑、汞为不同期次,金为早期、接着是锑、汞为晚期,金主要来源于岩浆,金矿的形成主要为热液活动所致,而汞主要来源于地层,碳酸盐岩的溶解及沉积有机物的脱羟基作用在汞矿的形成过程中起重要作用。  相似文献   

新疆乌恰炼铁厂地区铁矿床特征及成因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贾润幸  方维萱  张建国  蒋加燥  蒋炜 《地质与勘探》2019,55(4):913-924

新疆乌恰炼铁厂地区石炭系碳酸盐岩建造中发育多处小型铁矿,这些铁矿床多受断层或构造裂隙控制,按照矿石矿物组构特征可划分为红山镜铁矿型铁矿和萨热塔什磁铁矿型铁矿,红山镜铁矿型铁矿石主要由镜铁矿、方解石和白云石等组成,萨热塔什铁矿石主要由磁铁矿、镜铁矿、黄铁矿和方解石、石英等组成。本文对两类铁矿床中的岩（矿）石进行了主量元素、微量元素和电子探针分析,研究认为,红山镜铁矿型铁矿和萨热塔什磁铁矿型铁矿的形成都与中石炭统康克林组碳酸盐岩沉积作用和后期构造叠加作用有关,前者成矿物质成分简单、成矿温度相对较低。后者成矿物质成分相对复杂、成矿温度也相对较高,除主要成矿物质来源于中石炭统康克林组碳酸盐岩沉积作用外,可能还有北东向深大断裂带中基性岩浆物质成分的混入。  相似文献   

Comparison between Datangpo-type manganese ores and modern marine ferromanganese oxyhydroxide precipitates based on rare earth elements     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

Datangpo-type sedimentary manganese deposits, which are located in northeastern Guizhou province and its adjacent areas, are Mn carbonate-type deposits hosted in black carbonaceous shale that represent a series of medium to large deposits containing a huge tonnage of reserves. PAAS-normalized rare earth element distribution patterns of manganese ores record “hat-shaped” REY (REE + Y) plots characterized by pronounced middle rare earth element enrichment, evident positive Ce anomalies, weak to strong positive Eu anomalies and negligible negative Y anomalies. These REY geochemical characteristics are different from those of country rocks and record the processes and features of sedimentation and diagenesis. Manganese was precipitated as Mn-oxyhydroxide particles in oxidized water columns with the sorption of a certain amount of rare earth elements, subsequently transforming from Mn-oxyhydroxides to rhodochrosite and redistributing REY in reducing alkaline pore-water during early diagenesis. A number of similarities can be observed through a comparison of Datangpo-type manganese ores and modern marine ferromanganese oxyhydroxide precipitates based on their rare earth elements. The precipitation of Datangpo-type manganese ores is similar to that of hydrogenetic crusts and nodules based on their positive Ce anomalies and relatively higher total REY concentrations. However, several differences also exist. Compared to hydrogenetic crusts and nodules, Datangpo-type manganese ores record smaller positive Ce anomalies, lower total REY concentrations, unobvious fractionation between Y and Ho, and weak to strong positive Eu anomalies. These were caused by quicker sedimentary rates in the oxic water columns of the shallower basin, after which pore water became strongly reducing and alkaline due to the degradation of organic matter in the early diagenetic stage. In addition, compared to typical deposits in the world, Datangpo-type manganese ores are similar to hydrogenetic deposits and different than hydrothermal deposits. All of these characteristics of manganese ores indicate that Datangpo-type manganese ores, the principal metallogenic factors of which include oxidation conditions during deposition and reducing conditions during early diagenetic stages, represent hydrogenetic deposits.  相似文献   

Geology,fluid inclusions,and geochemistry of the Zhazixi Sb–W deposit,Hunan, South China     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

The Zhazixi Sb–W deposit in the Xuefeng uplift, South China, exhibits a unique metal association of W and Sb, where the W orebodies are hosted by interlayer fractures and the Sb orebodies are contained within NW-trending faults. This study proposes that the W and Sb mineralization took place in two separate periods. The mineral paragenesis of the W mineralization reveals a mass of quartz, scheelite and minor calcite. The mineral assemblage of the Sb mineralization developed after W mineralization and consists of predominantly quartz and stibnite, and small amounts of native Sb, berthierite, chalcostibnite, pyrite, and chalcopyrite. Fluid inclusions in quartz and coexisting scheelite are dominated by two-phase, liquid-rich, aqueous inclusions at room temperature. Microthermometric studies suggest that ore-forming fluids for W mineralization are characterized by moderate temperatures (170–270 °C), low salinity (3–7 wt% NaCl equiv.), low density (0.75–0.95 g/cm³), and moderate to high pressure (57.2–99.7 MPa) and these fluids experienced a cooling and dilution evolution during W mineralization. Ore-forming fluids for Sb mineralization are epithermal types with low temperatures (150–230 °C), low salinity (4–6 wt% NaCl equiv.), moderate density (0.82–0.94 g/cm³), and high pressure (42.2–122.5 MPa) and these fluids display an evident decline in homogenization temperature during Sb mineralization. Laser Raman analyses of the vapor phase indicate that the ore-forming fluids for both W and Sb mineralization contain a small amount of CO₂.The ore-forming fluids for Sb mineralization are identified as predominantly originating from the continental crust, as suggested by the low ³He values (0.009 × 10⁻¹² cc.STP/g) and ³He/⁴He ratios (0.002–0.056 Ra) as well as high ³⁶Ar values (1.93 × 10⁻⁹ cc.STP/g) and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar ratios (909.5–2279.7). The source of S is identified to be the Neoproterozoic Wuqiangxi Formation, as traced by the δ³⁴S_V-CDT values of stibnite (3.1–9.4‰). The ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb (37.643–40.222), ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb (15.456–15.681), and ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb (17.093–20.042) ratios suggest a mixture of lower crustal and supracrustal Pb sources.It is thus concluded that the ore genesis of the Zhazixi Sb–W deposit is related to the intracontinental orogeny during the early Mesozoic. Fluid mixing is considered to be the critical mechanism involved in W mineralization, whereas a fluid cooling process is responsible for Sb mineralization. Furthermore, the absence of Au is attributed to the low Σa_s content in Sb-mineralizing fluids.  相似文献   

大兴安岭北段宝兴沟金矿床成矿流体特征及矿床成因     

李向文  张志国  王可勇  孙加鹏  杨吉波  杨贺 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(4):1071-1084

宝兴沟金矿床是大兴安岭北部上黑龙江成矿带内大型金矿床之一,矿体主要产于下侏罗统二十二站组砂岩与早白垩世石英闪长岩、闪长玢岩内外接触带内,其热液成矿作用可划分为：黄铁矿±毒砂-石英（Ⅰ）、多金属硫化物-石英（Ⅱ）及少硫化物-碳酸盐（Ⅲ）3个阶段。流体包裹体岩相学研究表明：Ⅰ阶段矿石主要发育气液两相（LV）、少量含CO₂三相包裹体（H_CO2）及富气相包裹体（FV）;Ⅱ阶段矿石中主要发育LV及少量H_CO2包裹体;Ⅲ阶段矿石中只发育LV包裹体。测温结果显示：Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段包裹体总体均一温度峰值集中于225.00~300.00℃,盐度（w（NaCl））为2.00%~10.00%;Ⅲ阶段均一温度峰值集中于175.00~225.00℃,盐度为4.00%~8.00%;成矿流体为简单的含CO₂中低温、低盐度的NaCl-H₂O热液体系,总体具有从成矿早期到晚期均一温度、盐度逐渐降低的特征。氢、氧同位素分析结果显示,Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段成矿流体δD_SMOW为-131.00‰~-108.00‰、δ¹⁸O_SMOW为1.00‰~4.00‰,Ⅲ阶段δD_SMOW为-108.00‰、δ¹⁸O_SMOW为-1.89‰,表明早期以岩浆水为主,晚期逐渐演化为与大气降水混合热液。矿石中黄铁矿（毒砂）δ³⁴S_V-CDT为1.50‰~4.20‰,显示其物质来源以深源岩浆为主。综合分析认为,区内金成矿作用与早白垩世（石英）闪长岩、闪长玢岩侵入活动有直接关系,矿床属中低温岩浆热液成因类型。  相似文献   

黑龙江省羊鼻山铁钨矿床中钨矿成因及物质来源     

马宇鹏  任云生  郝宇杰  赖科  赵华雷  刘军 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(1):105-117

黑龙江省双鸭山市羊鼻山铁钨矿床处于中亚造山带东段的佳木斯地块中部。兴东群大盘道组变质岩系为矿区主要赋矿地层,铁矿矿体呈层状、似层状赋存于大盘道组第一岩段,白钨矿矿体呈透镜状和脉状产于铁矿矿体底板围岩中,受片麻状花岗岩与大盘道组大理岩的接触带控制;主要含矿岩石为石榴石矽卡岩和透辉石矽卡岩,钨矿石中主要金属矿物为磁黄铁矿和白钨矿,并含少量磁铁矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、闪锌矿、锡石、毒砂和辉钼矿。含钨石英脉中δ¹⁸O_水值为3.6‰~7.5‰,δD值为-120.9‰~-66.2‰,表明其成矿流体以岩浆水为主。矽卡岩中与白钨矿共生的金属硫化物δ³⁴S值为16.1‰~18.1‰,²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值为17.879~18.863,²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值为15.537~15.603,²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值为38.202~38.544,表明金属硫化物中的硫和铅主要来源于地层与地壳重熔型岩浆。结合钨矿成矿地质特征,认为羊鼻山铁钨矿床中钨矿的成因类型应属矽卡岩型。  相似文献   

四川龙门山区中泥盆统金宝石组核形石岩石学特征及其成因^*     

成晓雨  李凤杰  荆锡贵  沈凡  张昊 《古地理学报》2018,20(2):207-218

四川龙门山区甘溪剖面中泥盆统金宝石组顶部发育一套核形石灰岩。通过野外剖面实测和镜下详细观察,认为该套核形石灰岩垂向上可分为3个沉积旋回,每个旋回均由核形石灰岩和泥晶灰岩组成。葛万藻(Girvanella)丝状体在核形石的核心和包壳中均有发育,对核形石的形成具有重要的作用。结合核形石中的纹层类型、Girvanella丝状体形态以及渗滤砂与核形石纹层的关系,认为核形石是在浅滩和礁后潟湖环境中沉积形成的,核形石及其围岩中赋存的粒内渗滤砂和粒间渗滤砂,形成于核形石沉积之后的大气水淋滤作用。通过对核形石形成环境的分析可知,龙门山区甘溪剖面中泥盆统金宝石组顶部核形石灰岩形成的水动力条件从下到上逐渐减弱,反映了当时相对海平面由低到高的变化特点。  相似文献   

湖南宝山花岗闪长质岩石混合成因证据探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王杰亭  刘争  赵海玲 《地质找矿论丛》2017,32(4):604-611

通过对湖南宝山花岗闪长质岩石岩相学特征研究,发现存在较多矿物不平衡结构,如富Ca的斜长石熔蚀核,黑云母、石英嵌晶结构,暗色镶边的眼球状石英,针状磷灰石、辉石、黑云母共存等现象,表明宝山花岗闪长质岩石为基性岩浆与酸性岩浆的混合成因;主微量元素分析结果进一步证实了岩体属于混合成因的观点。该结论为壳幔相互作用提供了岩石学依据。  相似文献   

吉林红旗岭富家矿床矿石矿物化学和硫同位素特征——对铜镍硫化物矿床成因及成矿过程的约束     

吕林素  李宏博  周振华  徐立国  杨小男  毛冰 《地球学报》2017,38(2):193-207

本文对吉林红旗岭富家矿床中的矿石矿物进行了系统的矿物化学和硫同位素研究。矿石矿物共生组合主要为磁黄铁矿(Po)-镍黄铁矿(Pn)-黄铜矿(Cp)-黄铁矿(Py),其中Po有单斜磁黄铁矿(Mpo)、六方磁黄铁矿(Hpo)和六方陨硫铁(Tr)相之分,并以Mpo(低温相)为主;Pn有Pn(1)→Pn(2)→Pn(3)的演化趋势;Py有Py(1)→Py(2)→Py(3)→Py(4),均为同一矿化期的不同世代的产物。利用Py-Po矿物对计算出矿石矿物的结晶温度介于500~300℃之间,大致结晶顺序为Pn→Po→Cp→Py。硫同位素特征表明,δ~(34)S值变化较小,介于–4.70‰~+2.40‰之间,δ~(34)S值呈塔式分布,集中分布于–2.5‰~+2.5‰之间,δ~(34)S值略高于地幔硫(0±2‰),并有δ~(34)S_(Po)δ~(34)S_(硫化物)δ~(34)S_(Py)的特征,表明硫来源于地幔,仅有微弱的地壳物质混染,且成矿熔体中硫已达到平衡。结合野外矿体特征和矿石组构特征,富家矿床的成矿物质来源于上地幔;成矿作用方式以岩浆熔离作用为主,兼具岩浆期后热液叠加成矿作用;矿床为通道式成矿,属于深部熔离-贯入式成因。  相似文献   

青藏高原新型层控与褶皱湖泊的发现          下载免费PDF全文

刘刚  刘建宇  燕云鹏 《中国地质调查》2017,4(5):66-73

青藏高原是我国免受人类干扰的最大湖泊分布区,是进行湖泊研究的理想区域。利用高空间分辨率遥感影像对可可西里地区的湖泊进行研究,发现了由地层和褶皱控制的新型湖泊,并通过对涟湖成因的剖析,提出了层控湖泊的概念。研究表明: 可可西里的层控湖泊主要受古近系和新近系红层控制,软硬岩层的韵律变化使湖泊在形态、数量、规模和空间分布等方面具有明显的规律性; 受地层出露宽度的限制,层控湖泊以小型和微型湖泊为主; 褶皱湖泊也发育在古近系和新近系红层中,在青藏高原很可能属于首次发现; 大部分层控湖泊的形成时代晚于中新世,与构造运动有关的沉积环境动荡变化,是其成群、成带发育的根源。  相似文献