全文获取类型
收费全文 | 750篇 |
免费 | 96篇 |
国内免费 | 127篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 161篇 |
大气科学 | 122篇 |
地球物理 | 88篇 |
地质学 | 214篇 |
海洋学 | 149篇 |
天文学 | 6篇 |
综合类 | 65篇 |
自然地理 | 168篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 19篇 |
2021年 | 28篇 |
2020年 | 27篇 |
2019年 | 27篇 |
2018年 | 24篇 |
2017年 | 27篇 |
2016年 | 28篇 |
2015年 | 32篇 |
2014年 | 41篇 |
2013年 | 49篇 |
2012年 | 46篇 |
2011年 | 40篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 65篇 |
2008年 | 38篇 |
2007年 | 57篇 |
2006年 | 56篇 |
2005年 | 42篇 |
2004年 | 43篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 36篇 |
2001年 | 31篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 22篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有973条查询结果,搜索用时 531 毫秒
131.
天山北麓山地-绿洲-荒漠生态系统净初级生产力空间分布格局及其季节变化 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以天山北麓总面积达93 936 km~2的山地-绿洲-荒漠生态样带为例,利用生态-遥感光能利用率模型NPP-PEM,使用1 km分辨率SPOT/VEGETATION遥感等数据资料,估算了生态样带净初级生产力(NPP)空间分布及其季节变化.结果表明山地-绿洲-荒漠生态样带平均NPP为161.06 g C·m~(-2)·a~(-1),样带陆地生态系统年总碳吸收量或年总NPP累积量为15.081 Tg C(1Tg=10~(12)g),其中绿洲农田、山地草甸草原、平原荒漠草原和山地森林对的碳吸收贡献率分别为32.67%、28.16%、12.41%和9.15%.夏季是各类生态系统NPP增加量最大的季节,而沙漠由于早春短命植被覆盖而具有生长双峰现象.样带NPP空间分布及其季相变化特征是自然环境、地貌、气候以及人类生产活动长期共同作用和影响的结果,其中水热条件和基质是控制干旱区陆地生态系统NPP空间格局的决定因子.结果检验表明模拟效果较为合理,证明NPP-PEM模型在干旱生态系统的应用是可行的.研究为干旱区陆地生态系统碳循环研究开辟了途径,可为干旱区生态系统评估、监测和管理提供研究方法和参考依据. 相似文献
132.
利用1992-2013年的DMSP/OLS灯光数据和农民人均纯收入数据,对南疆三地州的基础地貌特征,以及19个重点贫困县市的农民收入与灯光强度的关系进行分析,以期从时间和空间的角度探讨农民收入的变化。结果表明:南疆三地州的地势由南向北逐渐降低,绿洲主要分布于中海拔地段,包含中海拔风积地貌、中海拔梁峁、中海拔山地、中海拔平原、中海拔台地,总面积分别为10.34×104、0.222×104、0.318×104、11.004×104、0.227×104km2;与各县农民收入存在最大相关性的民族主要为汉族和维吾尔族,最大相关系数分别为0.971和0.942;灯光强度可以在长时段的条件下反映出南疆三地州重点贫困县市农民收入的变化情况,但是较短时限的变化与灯光强度的关系较为复杂,必须结合更多的因素参考,收入变化相对灯光强度变化的比率最大的县(市)为塔什库尔干县(R=86841),最小为叶城县(R=1069.86);灯光强度的分布极为稀疏,以疏附县、疏勒县为中心的总体扩张方向为东北,以叶城县为中心的总体扩张方向为北,以和田县为中心的总体扩张方向为西南和北。应用灯光数据寻找沙漠腹地的绿洲或人迹意义重大。 相似文献
133.
Assessment of effectiveness of nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau based on net primary production and the large sample comparison method 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
Yili Zhang Zhongjun Hu Wei Qi Xue Wu Wanqi Bai Lanhui Li Mingjun Ding Linshan Liu Zhaofeng Wang Du Zheng 《地理学报(英文版)》2016,26(1):27-44
Twenty-one typical coupled large samples were chosen from areas within and surrounding nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau using the large sample comparison method (LSCM). To evaluate the effectiveness of the nature reserves in protecting the ecological environment, the alpine grassland net primary production (NPP) of these coupled samples were compared and the differences between them before and after their establishment as protected areas were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) With respect to the alpine grassland NPP, the ecological and environmental conditions of most nature reserves were more fragile than those of the surrounding areas and also lower than the average values for the Tibetan Plateau. (2) Of the 11 typical nature reserves selected, the positive trend in the NPP for Manzetang was the most significant, whereas there was no obvious trend in Taxkorgan. With the exception of Selincuo, the annual NPP growth rate in the nature reserves covered by alpine meadow and wetland was higher than that in nature reserves consisting of alpine steppe and alpine desert. (3) There were notable findings in 21 typical coupled samples: (a) After the establishment of the nature reserves, the annual rate of increase in the NPP in 76% of samples inside nature reserves and 82% of samples inside national nature reserves was higher than that of the corresponding samples outside nature reserves. (b) The effectiveness of ecological protection of the Mid-Kunlun, Changshagongma, Zoige and Selincuo (Selin Co) nature reserves was significant; the effectiveness of protection was relatively significant in most parts of the Sanjiangyuan and Qiangtang nature reserves, whereas in south-east Manzetang and north Taxkorgan the protection effectiveness was not obvious. (c) The ecological protection effectiveness was significant in nature reserves consisting of alpine meadow, but was weak in nature reserves covered by alpine steppe. This study also shows that the advantage of large sample comparison method in evaluating regional ecology change. Careful design of the samples used, to ensure comparability between the samples, is crucial to the success of this LSCM. 相似文献
134.
135.
黄山风景区钓小旅游公路全长3.9km,其间有五个边坡稳定性较差,故对此进行加固治理。本文浅谈治理工程中的SNS柔性防护网的应用。 相似文献
136.
137.
138.
In this paper, the structure of systematic and random errors in marine survey net are discussed in detail and the adjustment method for observations of marine survey net is studied, in which the rank-defect characteristic is discovered first up to now. On the basis of the survey-line systematic error model, the formulae of the rank-defect adjustment model are deduced according to modern adjustment theory. An example of calculations with really observed data is carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of this adjustment model. Moreover, it is proved that the semi-systematic error correction method used at present in marine gravimetry in China is a special case of the adjustment model presented in this paper. 相似文献
139.
140.
Based on the high-resolution datasets collected in a sea fog field experiment at the northern coast of South China Sea, the variations of liquid water content (LWC) and net longwave radiation flux (NLRF) during two sea fog events on 16th-17th and 18th-19th March, 2008 are exaimeed by wavelet analysis, and the cooling mechanisms for fog formation and persistence are also investigated. The main results are shown as follows. (1) Sea fog may develop and persist whether it is cloudy or not aloft. However, when there is cloud aloft the LWC is less and wind speed in sea fog is higher than that in the clear sky. (2) The quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) of NLRF are observed in the formation stage of the two fogs. QPOs of LWC are only found in the developing stage no matter with cloudless or cloudy condition. (3) It is likely that sea fog forms by the cooling effects of longwave radiation and develops through the vertical mixing induced by the radiative cooling at the upper level. (4) During sea fog development and persistence, other mechanisms could also play important roles in fog-layer cooling, such as turbulent heat transport and radiation transport between air-sea interfaces. 相似文献