Failure Pressure Analysis of Corroded Moderate-to-High Strength Pipelines     

苏晨亮  李昕  周晶 《海洋工程》2016,(1):69-82

Based on the elastic-plastic, large-deformation finite element method, burst capacity of steel pipeline with longitudinal corrosion defect subjected to internal pressure is studied. The appropriate stress-based criterion is used to predict the failure pressure of finite element model of corroded pipeline under internal pressure. By considering the pipe steel grades and geometries of corrosion defects, a series of finite element analyses is conducted. The effects of corrosion depth, length and width on burst capacity are also discussed. A specific failure pressure solution for the assessment of corrosion defects in moderate-to-high strength pipeline is proposed on the base of numerical results. The failure pressures predicted by the proposed method are in better agreement with the experimental results than the results by the other methods.  相似文献   

Effect of Groundwater Fluctuations on Pore Pressures and Earth Pressures on Coastal Excavation Retaining Walls     

Lisha Zhang  Kanghe Xie  Dazhong Huang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(8):770-781

Pore water and earth pressures acting on retaining structures are investigated using an efficient coastal double-layered excavation model to determine offshore excavation responses to groundwater fluctuations outside foundation pits. Total pore water pressure includes excess pore water pressure (due to groundwater fluctuations) and steady pore water pressure (due to steady seepage) determined using one-dimensional consolidation theory of double-layered soil and one-dimensional steady-state flow theory, respectively. Rankine's active and passive earth pressures are obtained from pore water pressure. This method is applicable to arbitrary groundwater fluctuation conditions. How physical parameters affect pore water pressure is numerically investigated using examples, demonstrating the method's practicality for calculating pore water and earth pressures.  相似文献   

Seismic Stability of Gravity Retaining Structures by Pseudo-Dynamic Method     

Rui Huang  Tang-Dai Xia 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(1):1-9

An analytical expression of a gravity retaining wall's seismic stability against sliding and overturning is proposed in this article. The derivation, aiming at the cohesionless soil with inclined backfill surface and nonvertical wall back, is based on limit equilibrium analysis and the pseudo-dynamic method. The variations of the sliding and overturning stability safe factors with the horizontal seismic acceleration are investigated for different seismic amplification factors, soil friction angles, wall friction angles, vertical seismic acceleration coefficients, wall back inclination angles, and backfill surface inclination angles. The results indicate that the soil friction and horizontal seismic action significantly impact the seismic stability. The increase of vertical earthquake action changes the curvature of stability factor curves. The wall friction and back inclination strengthen the gravity retaining wall's resistance to sliding and overturning failure while the backfill surface inclination plays a negative role in the seismic stability. We also found that the seismic stability safe factors calculated by the proposed method are larger but more reasonable than those by the Mononobe-Okabe method.  相似文献   

红河油田低压易漏地层水平段固井技术          下载免费PDF全文

闫吉曾 《探矿工程》2018,45(5):40-45

为提高红河油田水平井固井质量,满足后期分段压裂需求,对红河油田水平井固井技术进行了研究。针对红河油田水平段固井技术难点,通过室内和现场试验,优选出了GSJ水泥浆体系,基于实测地层压力与地层破裂压力,进行平衡压力固井设计确定了环空浆体结构,为提高顶替效率,优化了扶正器类型与加放位置,专业软件模拟表明套管居中度＞73%,良好的井眼准备和套管漂浮措施确保了管柱的顺利下入;加长胶塞、树脂滚轮刚性旋流扶正器和关井阀等附件的使用,保证了固井质量。现场应用53口水平井,水泥浆全部返至地面,CBL测井结果表明,固井优良率达81.13%。该固井技术成功应用于红河油田水平井中,保证了固井质量,满足了后期分段压裂的需要。  相似文献   

坑式钢管静压桩在地基加固中的应用     

周军怀  李向阳  柴卓 《探矿工程》2018,45(11):56-59

坑式钢管静压桩是解决既有建筑物因软弱土层地基产生沉降变形的一种技术方法。针对山西北化关铝化工有限公司质检楼地基沉降变形及工程地质条件,提出了采用坑式钢管静压桩进行加固处理的设计方案,介绍了坑式钢管静压桩施工方案和施工流程及注意事项;总结了施工过程中遇到的问题,并对施工后的监测数据进行了分析。结果表明,坑式钢管静压桩施工对软弱地基加固效果良好,可成功地解决软弱土层产生的地基沉降开裂问题。  相似文献   

耐高温高压复合保温管研究          下载免费PDF全文

罗光强  周策  刘一民  韩锐 《探矿工程》2018,45(8):15-19

耐高温高压复合保温管主要解决超高温高压环境下钻孔测量问题。为攻克超高温高压环境下真空绝热保温、高压密封等关键技术,研究的耐高温高压复合保温管为“超高温钻孔测量仪”提供一种耐高温承压管,使用环境温度可达270 ℃,压力120 MPa。通过室内测试与现场应用,说明其满足超高温高压要求,可应用于高温地热能钻探工程、干热岩钻探工程、科学钻探工程、深部矿产资源勘探和深部油气资源勘探等工程中,为超高温大深度钻井测量提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

岩溶塌陷灾害的岩溶地下水气压力监测技术及应用   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

蒋小珍  雷明堂 《中国岩溶》2018,37(5):786-791

文章系统、全面地介绍了岩溶地下水气压力监测技术及其应用成果。该技术在监测成孔、孔口的密封及监测频率等方面创新性地提出了相关的工艺方法,能真实、及时且充分地反映出岩溶管道裂隙系统中的地下水气压力变化特点,可为岩溶塌陷的机理研究、监测和预警提供科学依据。岩溶地下水气压力监测技术工艺简单、操作方便、成本低廉,经过20多年的改进,已成功应用于全国11个典型岩溶塌陷区,服务于高铁、水源地、油气管线、市政建设等潜在岩溶塌陷风险性评价、安全降深、监测预警等方面,取得了很好的效果。   相似文献   

围压和孔隙结构对不同粒级砂岩孔隙度渗透率的影响实验研究     

张丽华  潘保芝  单刚义 《地质与资源》2018,27(3):288-292

孔隙度和渗透率是储层评价的两个重要参数.岩石毛管压力曲线和核磁共振T2谱图是描述储层微观结构特征的重要参数.通过测量不同压力条件下岩心样品的孔隙度和渗透率,得到了孔隙度和渗透率随压力的变化情况.实验结果表明：孔隙度和渗透率随着压力的增加而降低,并且与压力服从对数函数变化规律.不同孔隙度渗透率区间的砂岩样品,孔隙度和渗透率随着压力变化的趋势不同.通过测量不同粒级砂岩样品的毛管压力曲线和核磁共振T2谱图,证实了孔隙结构对孔隙度和渗透率的影响,微观孔隙结构是决定渗透性好坏的关键因素.  相似文献   

Controls on the formation of stratabound dolostone bodies,Hammam Faraun Fault block,Gulf of Suez     

《Sedimentology》2018,65(6):1973-2002

Dolomitization is commonly associated with crustal‐scale faults, but tectonic rejuvenation, diagenetic overprinting and a fluid and Mg mass‐imbalance often makes it difficult to determine the dolomitization mechanism. This study considers differential dolomitization of the Eocene Thebes Formation on the Hammam Faraun Fault block, Gulf of Suez, which has undergone a simple history of burial and exhumation as a result of rifting. Stratabound dolostone bodies occur selectively within remobilized sediments (debrites and turbidites) in the lower Thebes Formation and extend into the footwall of, and for up to 2 km away from, the Hammam Faraun Fault. They are offset by the north–south trending Gebel fault, which was active during the earliest phases of rifting, suggesting that dolomitization occurred between rift initiation (26 Ma) and rift climax (15 Ma). Geochemical data suggest that dolomitization occurred from evaporated (ca 1·43 concentration) seawater at less than ca 80°C. Geothermal convection is interpreted to have occurred as seawater was drawn down surface‐breaching faults into the Nubian sandstone aquifer, convected and discharged into the lower Thebes Formation via the Hammam Faraun Fault. Assuming a ca 10 Myr window for dolomitization, a horizontal velocity of ca 0·7 m year⁻¹ into the Thebes Formation is calculated, with fluid flux and reactivity likely to have been facilitated by fracturing. Although fluids were at least marginally hydrothermal, stratabound dolostone bodies do not contain saddle dolomite and there is no evidence of hydrobrecciation. This highlights how misleading dolostone textures can be as a proxy for the genesis and spatial distribution of such bodies in the subsurface. Overall, this study provides an excellent example of how fluid flux may occur during the earliest phases of rifting, and the importance of crustal‐scale faults on fluid flow from the onset of their growth. Furthermore, this article presents a mechanism for dolomitization from seawater that has none of the inherent mass balance problems of classical, conceptual models of hydrothermal dolomitization.  相似文献   

压力对辉长岩矿物反应和部分熔融影响的实验研究     

沙茜  周永胜 《岩石学报》2018,34(3):851-865

本文在高温高压条件下,开展了辉长岩矿物反应与部分熔融实验,利用偏光显微镜与扫描电镜对实验样品微观结构观察,研究实验中的新生矿物与熔体的分布;通过电子探针分析熔体成分特征。实验结果表明,在低压(300MPa)条件下,静压和塑性变形实验样品中,单斜辉石以固体反应方式生成橄榄石,在高压(1300MPa)塑性实验中所有实验样品都没有发现新生矿物颗粒,这与相图中低压条件下斜长石与橄榄石稳定共存,而高压下斜长石-辉石稳定共存相吻合。高压塑性变形条件下,单斜辉石和黑云母首先发生部分熔融,随着温度增高,斜长石逐渐参与熔融,熔体呈薄膜状分布在矿物颗粒边界,熔体成分依赖于参与熔融的矿物成分,表明出现的熔体为非平衡熔融结果。  相似文献