The complexity of luminescence dating of tidal sand body revealed by the discrepancy of paired quartz OSL ages     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating is becoming a useful technique to yield absolute age of organic-poor sandy deposits. The buried tidal sand body (BTSB) in the coastal zone of northern Jiangsu Province, China, has been suggested to have the same origin as the offshore radial sand ridge in the Yellow Sea. However, chronological constrain of the BSTB is still quite limited. In this study, OSL measurements were conducted using silt-sized multi-grain and coarse-grained single-grain quartz to constrain the depositional history of a 25.6 m core from the BTSB. A low luminescence sensitivity of quartz was observed, and only ∼1.04% of the grains passed the standard rejection criterion for single-grain measurement. Analysis of paired OSL ages from two grain-size fractions using different protocols showed that silt-sized quartz ages were underestimated of 0.14–1.35 ka in comparison to coarse-grained quartz in the depth interval of 5.8–22.4 m. We interpret such an age discrepancy as the effects of lateral infiltration of fine-grained sediment into the sand body due to dynamic feature of channel-ridge system on the shelf. As far as we know, it is the first time that such infiltration is demonstrated through OSL dating. Our OSL data indicated that there is a significant hiatus between the Late Pleistocene stiff clay layer (50–18 ka) and the Holocene sequence. Holocene deposits only occurred in the last 2 ka, with rapid accumulation of ∼17 m-thick sediments at ∼2–1 ka, a slower accumulation between ∼1 and 0.1 ka and rapid land emergence through an accretion of ∼4 m-thick sediment over the past ∼0.1 ka. This study highlights the complexity of OSL dating in highly dynamic sedimentary environments. Therefore, examining different grain size fractions and comparing different measurement protocols are highly deserved in carrying out OSL dating in such environments.  相似文献   

Downstream changes in quartz OSL sensitivity in modern river sand reflects sediment source variability: Case studies from Rocky Mountain and Andean rivers     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

OSL (optically stimulated luminescence) sensitivity of quartz has been shown to either (1) record downstream sediment transport related to increased number and duration of light exposure cycles or (2) be a function of source geology, presenting a potential tool to track sediment provenance. To test these competing models this study leverages a suite of modern river samples from an extensional basin system in the Rocky Mountains of western USA (Bear River) and a retroarc foreland basin system in the southern Central Andes of Argentina (Río San Juan) to understand the relationships among quartz luminescence sensitivity, sediment transport distance, and catchment lithologies. We compare our results with petrographic analysis of the river sand composition, and characterization of the lithology and morphometrics of the river catchments. Samples taken along the Bear River and its major tributaries in the Rocky Mountains show a progressive downstream decrease in quartz OSL sensitivity that records variation in sediment provenance and steady contribution of lower OSL sensitivity quartz recycled from Palaeozoic passive margin stratigraphy. Andean river sand samples from the Rio San Juan network exhibit pervasive low sensitivity quartz derived from Andean arc volcanic rocks and recycled Neogene foreland basin strata. These modern river sand data do not show increased sensitivity with transport distance and instead indicates that in these landscapes, quartz OSL sensitivity is an intrinsic property of the source rock. Our study shows that river sands primarily composed of older, recycled low-strained quartz derived from quartzite lithologies exhibit the highest quartz sensitivity values. Moderate quartz OSL sensitivity values are observed in rivers with young igneous quartz derived directly from the volcanic and intrusive rocks. Conversely, microcrystalline quartz in chert lithic grains or polycrystalline quartz found in composite metamorphic lithic grains record the lowest quartz OSL sensitivity values. Determining the controlling factors of quartz sensitivity in river sand provides a current baseline for resolving paleogeographic and paleodrainage histories in the sedimentary record and provides further understanding of how sediments are eroded, transported, and deposited in fluvial systems with diverse tectonic settings and geologic source rocks.  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地车排子凸起东缘下切谷特征及其形成机制     

秦磊  李小刚  邱子瑶  李志军  徐少华  李仪汶  陈岑  汪佳蓓  文思奇 《现代地质》2021,35(3):832-840

下切谷是层序地层学研究的重要内容之一,同时也是寻找地层、岩性等圈闭的有利地区。综合利用钻测井、三维地震资料以及地震平面属性信息,在车排子凸起至红—车断裂带区域识别出下切谷沉积体系,对下切谷的发育特征以及形成机制进行分析,结果表明:地震振幅绝对值之和属性体显示研究区发育4条近东西流向的下切谷,主要表现为分支型和单一型的平面形态特征。在地震剖面上,几何形态以V形和U形为主,谷内沉积物充填样式有双向上超充填型和侧向加积充填型,同时具有加积、前积和上超等地震反射特征,属于“顺源堆积”与“溯源堆积”的交互沉积。结合准噶尔盆地车排子凸起中生代构造及气候演化特征分析认为,凸起东缘下切谷形成于晚侏罗世。该时期车排子凸起强烈隆升,相对湖平面急剧下降,河流侵蚀下伏地层导致下切谷形成。下切谷内沉积充填阶段发生在白垩纪。该时期车排子凸起剧烈下沉,相对湖平面上升,下切谷持续性的接受沉积充填。  相似文献   

Pore Characteristics and Factors Controlling Lacustrine Shales from the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin,Northeast China: A Study Combining SEM,Low-temperature Gas Adsorption and MICP Experiments     

HAN Hui  DAI Jie  GUO Chen  ZHONG Ningning  PANG Peng  DING Zhengang  CHEN Jianping  HUANG Zhenkai  GAO Yuan  LUO Jinyu  LI Qirui  ZHANG Zhaokun 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(2):585-601

To investigate pore characteristics and the factors controlling lacustrine shales,geochemical,mineralogical and petrophysical experiments were performed on 23 shale samples from the Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin,China.A comparison of mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) and low-temperature N2 adsorption pore-size distribution showed that MICP has a higher pore-size distribution (PSD) line in its overlapping pore diameter range,which may be elevated by the higher pressure of MICP.Therefore,in the overlapping range,low-temperature N2 adsorption data were preferred in pore characterization.Negative correlations were observed between pore volumes and TOC content,indicating organic matter pores are not well-developed in the studied samples.This may be related to their low grade of maturity and type I kerogens.There existed negative relationships between pore volumes and S1,which illustrated that liquid hydrocarbons occupied some pore space.Micropore volume had a better correlation with S1 than mesopore and macropore volumes,which suggests that liquid hydrocarbons preferentially occur in micropores.No obvious relationships between pore volumes and quartz or feldspar were observed,while pore volumes increased with the increasing clay mineral content.These relationships indicate that intraparticle pores in clay minerals represent the principal pore type.  相似文献   

地下水曝气-砂滤处理产生的废弃石英砂中铁砷含量与形态分布     

张耀强  胡冰冰  谢世伟  袁松虎 《地学前缘》2021,28(5):208-214

高铁高砷地下水严重威胁饮水质量,曝气-砂滤法因处理效果好且成本低在农村地区得到广泛应用。砂滤过程石英砂表面富集铁和砷后需定期更换,然而废弃石英砂堆置具有砷释放风险。本文以江汉平原某水厂砂滤池废弃石英砂为研究对象,采用激光剥蚀-等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、X射线衍射(XRD)和分步化学提取等手段,研究了砂样中的Fe和As含量及形态分布。结果表明,砂粒表面形成了一层厚度为20100 μm的高铁砷薄层,薄层内部Fe和As含量显著高于两侧,Fe和As分布高度相关(R²=0.985)。砂样表面铁矿物以无定型/弱结晶型为主,同时检出赤铁矿和臭葱石等矿物。砂样中Fe和As总含量分别为20.1 mg/g和53.4 μg/g。砂样表面铁主要以易溶解态、碳酸盐结合态和易还原态为主,As主要吸附在铁矿物上。研究区降雨充沛,当废弃石英砂遭遇雨水冲刷或淹没时,可能导致铁砷薄层中As解吸或随Fe矿物还原溶解而释放。  相似文献   

大豆脲酶促沉碳酸钙改良砂土地基承载特性模型试验研究：基于静力触探试验     

郎钞棚  马明  邱立冬  杨远江  李明东 《高校地质学报》2021,27(6):784-788

大豆脲酶促沉碳酸钙（SUICP）是一种新型土体改良技术,碳酸钙充填土内孔隙、胶结土颗粒,必将提高地基承载力。为了定量研究SUICP 灌浆对砂土地基承载力的提高作用,开展了内径38.5 cm、高度100 cm的砂柱模型试验,碳酸钙沉积量为砂土质量的3%,基于静力触探试验对地基承载特性改良效果进行了研究。发现砂土地基SUICP 灌浆处理前的锥尖阻力平均值为0.564 MPa,处理后平均值为0.783 MPa,增加38.9%;侧壁摩阻力处理前平均值为19.08 kPa,处理后平均值为26.92 kPa,增加49.83%;砂土地基承载力处理前平均值为79.02 kPa,处理后平均值为108.64 kPa,增加了45.09%。SUICP灌浆提高地基承载特性的原因包括两个方面,一是碳酸钙将砂土颗粒黏结在一起使得颗粒变大,二是碳酸钙的填充作用使得土体更加密实。通过本研究证实了SUICP灌浆对砂土地基承载力的提高作用,解释了发生机理。研究中也发现砂土地基改良的均匀性并不理想,还要进一步探索其发生机理,并研发更好的灌浆技术提高均匀性。  相似文献   

泥质薄夹层不同参数对油砂SAGD 开发效果的影响     

孔令晓  齐梅  张帅超  刘鹏程 《现代地质》2018,32(3):537

泥质夹层对油砂SAGD的开发效果具有一定影响。以加拿大麦凯河某区块为研究对象,利用数值模拟手段,对位于注入井上方和注采井间的泥质薄夹层进行表征,模拟对比了泥质薄夹层的位置、延展长度、渗透率、厚度以及条数对SAGD开发效果的影响,得到了油砂SAGD开发的泥质薄夹层的临界参数。研究表明,泥质薄夹层位于注入井上方时对SAGD开发效果影响较小,位于注采井间时有不利影响,且越靠近生产井,蒸汽腔发育越晚,累产油量越低。注采井间泥质薄夹层超过7条、延展长度超过20 m时蒸汽腔几乎不发育,而渗透率与厚度对SAGD开发效果影响不明显。因此油砂SAGD布井时注采井间应尽量避开泥质薄夹层,从而有效降低泥质薄夹层对SAGD的影响。该研究结果,对于指导油砂SAGD部署、规避地质风险、实现SAGD高效开发具有重要指导意义。  相似文献   

波浪作用下斜坡沙质海床上桩柱周围局部冲刷试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

程永舟  唐雯  李典麒  黄筱云  夏波 《水科学进展》2018,29(2):260-268

在斜坡上桩柱引起的局部冲刷与平底条件下产生的冲刷存在差异。布置中值粒径为0.320 mm、坡度为1:16的斜坡沙床,开展规则波作用下桩柱周围的局部冲刷试验研究。试验主要考虑小Keulegan-Carpenter数（KC数）条件,探讨了波高、波周期和桩柱位置对局部冲刷的影响,并从最大冲刷深度和冲刷形态两个方面对比分析了斜坡与平底条件局部冲刷的异同。结果表明:斜坡上桩柱位置对局部冲刷有较大影响;在相同的KC数条件下,斜坡沙床上的最大冲深大于平底沙床;斜坡沙床的清水冲刷形态与平底沙床差异较大,而浑水冲刷形态相似。  相似文献   

The Influence of Extractable Organic Matter on Pore Development in the Late Triassic Chang 7 Lacustrine Shales, Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China     

HAN Hui  LIU Pengwei  DING Zhengang  SHI Pitong  JIA Jianchao  ZHANG Wei  LIU Yan  CHEN Shiji  LU Jungang  Chen Kang  PENG Xudong  WANG Zhiyong  XIAO Shuqi  GAO Yuan 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(4):1508-1522

To investigate the influence of extractable organic matter (EOM) on pore evolution of lacustrine shales, Soxhlet extraction, using dichloromethane, was performed on a series of Chang 7 shale samples (Ordos Basin, China) with vitrinite reflectance of 0.64% to 1.34%. Low‐pressure gas adsorption experiments were conducted on the samples before and after extraction. The pore structure parameters were calculated from the gas adsorption data. The results show complex changes to the pore volumes and surface areas after extraction. The pore development of both the initial and extracted samples is strongly controlled by total organic carbon (TOC) content. Micropores developed mainly in organic matter (OM), while mesopores and macropores predominantly developed in fractions other than OM. The influence of EOM on micropores is stronger than on mesopores and macropores. Organic solvents with a higher boiling point should be used to explore the effect of EOM on pore structure in the future.  相似文献   

Wave-Enhanced Sediment-Gravity Flows in Bohai Bay Lacustrine Basin, Eastern China     

BAI Chenyang  YU Bingsong  DONG Tianyang  HAN Shujun  GE Ji  ZHU Donglin 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(6):2416-2431

Sequences of wave-enhanced sediment-gravity flows (WESGFs) have been widely recognized in the marine shelf environment. In this study, we show observations of WESGF deposits in lacustrine settings using well core and thin section data from the Paleogene in the Jiyang sub-basin, Bohai Bay basin, eastern China. The findings of this study include the following: 1) the sequence of WESGFs in the lacustrine basin is similar to that of marine; it consists of three units, MF1 unit: siltstone with basal erosion surface, MF2 unit: silt-streaked claystone, and MF3 unit: silty-mudstone; and 2) prodelta sand sheets are found in the lacustrine WESGF sequence and are classified as the MFd unit: clay-streaked siltstone. However, because the system size and variability in hydrodynamic conditions are different between the lacustrine and marine basins, lacustrine WESGFs do appear to have three distinguishable features: 1) the sediment grain size and sand content are slightly higher than those of the marine WESGFs; 2) lacustrine WESGFs may contain prodelta sediments or sedimentary sequences of other types of gravity flows, such as hyperpycnal flows; and 3) the scale of the sedimentary structures for lacustrine WESGFs is smaller. The WESGFs found in the continental lacustrine basin provide a new model for sediment dispersal processes in lake environments and may be helpful to explain and predict the distribution of sandy reservoirs for oil and gas exploration.  相似文献