山东半岛东部,北部地区冬季冷流低云的探讨     

王长甫  陈文玉 《海洋预报》1996,13(4):39-46

本文主要对山东半岛东部、北部及渤海海峡地区的地方性天气－冷流低云，作了初步的分析。着重分析产生这种低云的环流特点及殊地理环境，分析归纳出这种低云的预测方法及判据。  相似文献   

Recorder-Dependent Temperature Error of Expendable Bathythermograph     

Shoichi Kizu  Kimio Hanawa 《Journal of Oceanography》2002,58(3):469-476

The accuracy of temperature measurement by the expendable bathythermograph (XBT) is examined for five types of recorders by comparison with co-located CTD measurements and statistical analysis of temperature profiles including an isothermal layer. A positive temperature error increasing downward is occasionally detected for two types of Japanese recorder which have been commonly used among Japanese oceanographic institutions and marine observatories. This error resembles to that reported by Bailey et al. (1989) and Wright (1991) for a different type of recorders, although its cause is not clearly understood. The irregular occurrence of the error suggests that the problem is not solely due to the recorders but rather by some inconsistency of the whole measuring system including them, an XBT probe and sea water. The error is estimated to increase at a rate of O (0.1°C/100 m), and it could be close to 1°C at the deepest part of the profiles (760 m for Tsurumi T-7). This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Experimental Investigation of Instantaneous Properties of Wave Slamming on the Plate   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任冰李雪临  王永学 《中国海洋工程》2007,21(3):533-540

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the instantaneous properties of wave slamming on the plate structure of an open structure.The advanced instantaneous measuring technique-Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV) is applied to acquire the instantaneous velocity field of wave slamming.From the cross-correlation analysis results of the images captured by the CCD camera,the flow fields of wave impacting on the structure are displayed visually,and the instantaneous whole-field fluid velocity vectors are obtained.The relation between the instantaneous peak impacting pressures and the instantaneous velocities of water particles is studied by probability analysis.  相似文献   

Locomotor activity rhythm in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica elvers     

DOU Shuozeng  TSUKAMOTO Katsumi 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(5):76-89

Under artificial LD cycles(6,12,18 L),the elvers of Japanese eel,Anguilla japonica,showed a 24 h cycle of locomotor activity rhythm being most active at light transitions:the eels' activity rose to a primary peak after lights-off,followed by a quiescent period during which they buried into the shelters or lying motionlessly on sand for most of the time,and then reached a secondary peak before lights-on.Elvers could resynchronize their activity rhythm with a new photo cycle within 4 d.Moreover,their activity level at dark phase significantly increased as the light period was prolonged:higher activity levels during shorter dark period.However,the elvers did not display clearly the existence of a circadian rhythm under constant light or dark conditions.The timing of daily activity rhythm evidenced in the Japanese eels may occur through the action of the LD cycles with a weak participation of an endogenous circadian system.In all the LD cycles,over 99% of the activity occurred in the dark phase,indicating that the eels were always nocturnally active no matter what time of day it might be.Under 12 L conditions,the eels' activity level and the time outside sand were significantly elevated both at light and dark phases as temperature increased from 10~15 to 20~25 ℃.The activity rhythm pattern(i.e.,two peaks occurring around light transitions) did not apparently change among temperatures.However,in contrast with the primary activity peaks immediately after lights-off at 20 and 25 ℃,the timing of the primary peaks at 10 and 15 ℃ showed a latency of a few hours following lights-off,indicating the inhibiting effect of low temperature on the eels' activity.  相似文献   

礁膜配子放散条件的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈昌生 《台湾海峡》1996,15(2):154-158

本文报道了礁膜配子的放散与温度、光照、比重的关系。结果表明，自然海区的礁膜在白天大量放散配子。配子放散的适宜温度为１９－２１℃；光照为２０００－５０００ｌｘ时能促进配子大量放散出来；配子放散的适宜比重为１．０５－１．０２５；这些研究结果将为礁膜人工育苗提供一些科学依据。  相似文献   

不同水温对文昌鱼性腺发育的影响   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

林加涵  方永强 《台湾海峡》1996,15(2):170-173,T001

研究表明，不同水温对文昌鱼性腺发育分化和成熟有十分显著的影响。１４℃对文昌鱼性腺发育没有显著的作用，２０和２５℃十分有利于性腺发育和成熟，经４０ｄ培养，出现一些雌、雄文昌鱼产卵和释精以及加速性腺发育。本文还讨论了水温促进性腺发育可能的机制。  相似文献   

强壮箭虫对温度、盐度的耐受性研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

刘青  曲晗  张硕 《海洋湖沼通报》2007,(1):111-116

研究强壮箭虫对突变温度、突变盐度和渐变温度、渐变盐度的耐受性.结果表明:水温由15℃突变到1℃时,存活率为75%;水温由15℃突变为30℃时,存活率仅为5%.求得24h急性半致死温度上限为27.2℃.水温从20℃逐渐上升至25、30、35℃,存活率分别为85 %、10 %、0 %;水温从20℃逐渐下降至15、10、5℃,其存活率分别为 100 %、95 %和80 %.盐度从31突变为20、40,箭虫的存活率均为100%,随着盐度突变幅度的增大,强壮箭虫的存活率呈降低趋势.求得24h急性半致死盐度上限为45,24h急性半致死盐度下限为13.3.盐度逐渐从31上升到46、 52,其存活率由90%下降到0%;盐度逐渐从31降到13、6,其存活率由95%下降到0%.求得间隔12h半致死渐变盐度上限为48.7,半致死渐变盐度下限为9.3.根据实验结果,强壮箭虫应属喜冷广温种和近岸广盐种.  相似文献   

西太平洋翁通-爪哇海台晚第四纪浮游有孔虫群与古温度变化   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

金海燕  翦知湣  刘东升 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2003,23(4):65-71

通过对翁通-爪哇海台ODP807站的浮游有孔虫进行定量分析,结合已有的氧、碳稳定同位素数据,揭示了晚第四纪赤道西太平洋表层海水温度及上部海水垂向结构的冰期／间冰期变化特征。研究表明,自530kaBP以来,西太平洋暖池区的表层海水温度(SST)和温跃层深度(DOT)都经历过显著的变化,其中年平均SST的冰期／间冰期变化幅度达4．2℃,DOT的波动范围更是超过100m,这进一步论证了西太平洋暖池的不稳定性。频谱分析还揭示出SST和DOT变化不仅具有典型的100ka冰期／间冰期旋回,还有热带地区特有的半岁差周期,说明研究区的古海洋学变化既有高纬驱动的作用,也有热带驱动的影响。  相似文献   

The Structure of A Turbulent Jet in A Crossflow-Effect of Jet-Crossflow Velocity     

李行伟  匡翠萍  陈国谦 《中国海洋工程》2002,(1)

A comprehensive numerical study on the three-dimensional structure of a turbulent jet in crossflow is performed. The jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio (R) varies in the range of 2 - 16; both vertical jets and inclined jets without excess streamwise momentum are considered. The numerical results of the Standard two-equation k-ε model show that the turbulent structure can be broadly categorised according to the jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio. For strong to moderate jet discharges, i.e. R> 4, the jet is characterized by a longitudinal transition through a bent-over phase during which the jet becomes almost parallel with the main freestream, to a sectional vortex-pair flow with double concentration maxima; the computed flow details and scalar mixing characteristics can be described by self-similar relations beyond a dimensionless distance of around 20-60. The similarity coefficients are only weakly dependent on R. The cross-section scalar field is kidney-shaped and bifurcated, vvith distinct double concentr  相似文献   

Spatial differences in reproduction of capelin (Mallotus villosus socialis) in the coastal waters of Sakhalin     

Velikanov  A. Ya. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2002,59(5):1011-1017

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