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121.
There are two grades of network-type texture in metamorphic peridotite from the Kuda ophiolite,Xinjiang,China,The first graduation consists of coarse-grained olivine with plastic deformation fabrics,orthopyroxene and minor clinopyroxene and Cr-spinel.The second graduation consists of small minerals filling among the mineral grains of the first graduation.Four kinds of assemblages containing tremolite have been discovered in the second graduation,which were formed during mantle partial melting and mantle metasomatism of a highly depleted peridotite. 相似文献
122.
华北克拉通-扬子克拉通与秦岭造山带古地幔组成及状态的对比 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
经研究,华北克拉通古地幔以含石榴石的二辉橄榄岩、方辉橄榄岩及纯橄榄岩为主.地幔交代作用强烈,岩石富集不相容元素,明显高于南非及西澳克拉通者.扬子克拉通古地幔主元素亏损程度差,交代作用较弱,岩石为石榴石/尖晶石二辉橄榄岩.秦岭造山带壳、幔交界带的岩石类型复杂,包括蛇纹石化尖晶石二辉橄榄岩(蛇纹岩)、石榴石辉石岩、榴闪岩、变辉长岩及变玄武岩等.蛇纹岩遭受强的塑性流变,剪切变形结构发育.与克拉通相比,地幔交代作用很弱.3个地幔域的古地温状态有差异,秦岭造山带最高,扬子克拉通居中,华北克拉通最低.上述结果表明,两克拉通的古地幔特征相差显著,暗示经历了不同的演化过程.交代作用可能发生在1700Ma以前和1100~500Ma,后者强于前者.造山带地幔的剪切变形明显强于克拉通地幔 相似文献
123.
Osmium-strontium-neodymium-lead isotopic covariations in mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses and the heterogeneity of the upper mantle 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Pierre Schiano Jean-Louis Birck Claude J. Allgre 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1997,150(3-4):363-379
Osmium, strontium, neodymium, and lead isotopic data have been obtained for 30 hand picked samples of basaltic glass from the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian mid-oceanic ridges. Large variations in Os isotopic ratios exist in the glasses, from abyssal peridotite-like values to radiogenic compositions similar to oceanic island basalts (187Os/186Os and 187Os/188Os ratios range from 1.06 to 1.36 and from 0.128 to 0.163, respectively). Os isotopic and elemental data suggest the existence of mixing correlations. This relationship might be ascribed to secondary contamination processes; however, such a hypothesis cannot account for the negative correlation observed between Os and Nd isotopes and the existence of complementary covariations between Os and SrPb isotopes. In this case, OsSrNdPb isotopic variations are unrelated to late post-eruption or shallow level contamination. These relationships provide strong evidence that the Os isotopic composition of the samples are derived from the mantle and thus implies a global chemical heterogeneity of the oceanic upper mantle. The results are consistent with the presence of recycled oceanic crust in the mantle sources of mid-ocean ridge basalts, and indicate that the unique composition of the upper mantle below the Indian ocean results from its contamination by a mantle component characterized by radiogenic Os and particularly unradiogenic Nd and Pb isotopic compositions. 相似文献
124.
Assuming a radially stratified Newtonian mantle in a steady-state approximation, we demonstrate that the permeability of a viscosity interface at 660-km depth strongly depends on the wavelength of buoyancy forces driving the flow. The flow induced by long-wavelength loads penetrates through the boundary freely even if the viscosity increases by two orders. In contrast, the boundary is practically impermeable for short-wavelength loads located in the upper mantle. Thus, a stepwise increase of viscosity is a significant obstacle for small descending features in the upper mantle, but huge upper mantle downwellings, or upwellings formed in the-lower mantle can overcome it easily. This indicates that certain care is necessary in interpreting the seismic structure of the mantle by means of flow models. The global tomographic image includes only the first few degrees of the harmonic series and, consequently, its interpretation in terms of a present-day flow field results in a predominantly whole-mantle circulation even for extreme viscosity contrasts. 相似文献
125.
Crustal structure of Dabieshan orogenic belt 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chunyong Wang Xiankang Zhang Buyun Chen Xuebo Chen Songyan Song Jinhan Zheng Hongxiang Hu Hai Lou 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1997,40(5):456-462
The crustal structures ofP velocity and density on the deep seismic sounding profile across the Ilabieshan orogenic belt are presented. There is a 5-km-thick
crustal “root” between the Yuexi and Xiaotian where the elevation is highest on the profile. An apparent Moho offset of 4.
5 km beneath the Xiaotian-Mozitan fault marks the paleo-suture of the Triassic collision. A high-velocity anomaly zone at
the depth below 3 km beneath the ultra-high pressure (UHP) zone may be correlated to the higher content of UHP metamorphic
rocks.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Joint Earthquake Science Foundation. 相似文献
126.
Song-Yan Song Xue-Song Zhou Chun-Yong Wang Xian-Kang Zhang Jian-Li Song Yi Gong 《地震学报(英文版)》1997,10(1):15-25
On the basis of S wave information from Tai’an-Xinzhou DSS profile and with reference to the results from P-wave interpretation,
the 2-D structures, including S-wave velocity V
s, ratio γ between V
p and V
s; and Poisson’ s ratio σ, are calculated; the structural configuration of the profile is presented and the relevant inferences are drawn from the
above results. Upwarping mantle districts (V
s≈4.30 km/s) and sloping mantle districts (V
s≈4.50 km/s) of the profile with velocity difference about −4% at the top of upper mantle are divided according to the differences
of V
s, γ and σ in different media and structures, also with reference to the information of their neighbouring regions; the existence of
Niujiaqiao-Dongwang high-angle ultra-crustal fault zone is reaffirmed; the properties of low and high velocity blocks (zones)
including the crust-mantle transitionalzone and the boudary indicators of North China rift valley are discussed. A comprehensive
study is conducted on the relation of the interpretation results with earthquakes. It is concluded that the mantle upwarps,
thermal material upwells through the high-angle fault, the primary hypocenter was located at the crust-mantle juncture 30.0∼33.0
km deep, and additional stress excited the M
S=6.8 and M
S=7.2 earthquakes at specific locations around 9.0 km below Niujiaqiao-Dongwang, the earthquakes took place around the high-angle
ultra-crustal fault and centered in the brittle media and rock strata with low γ and low σ values.
This subject is part of the 85-907-02 key project during the “8th Five-Year Plan” from the State Science and Technology Commission. 相似文献
127.
128.
戚长谋 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1997,(4)
基于岩浆铬矿床与超镁铁质岩石的关系,从元素亲合性和共生规律的角度揭示了铝对铬成矿制约的主导作用,分析了铝和铬亲石、亲氧的二重性及其晶体化学的依存关系。论证了超镁铁Si-O体系中铝丰度过高或过低均不利于铬的成矿。揭示了制约元素分散富集的因素都是在一定条件下互为依存和转化的,是在动态中的矛盾的对立和统一。 相似文献
129.
地幔热柱具有多级演化特征。河淮亚热柱顶部地幔物质以薄板状斜插至燕山造山带之下,燕山造山带轴部东西向尚义-赤城韧性剪切带与太行山构造岩浆带轴部北北东向乌龙沟-上黄旗韧性剪切带交汇叠加,使深部中下地壳应变软化岩石及深部幔源物质减压释荷产生深熔岩浆并上侵,从而加速了造山带的上隆速度,并可形成地幔热柱的第三级构造单元——幔枝构造。其中隆升较快的地段发育成为典型的变质核杂岩构造。幔枝构造控制着构造变形-岩浆活动-蚀变变质-成矿作用统一体系,并形成与幔枝构造密切相关的内带为金(铜钼)、外带为银(铅锌)多金属的成矿系列。论述了不同构造部位的成矿特征及其相关性、统一性。据此提出了在有利构造部位(参照已有矿点分布)扩大找矿和向深部扩大找矿的认识。 相似文献
130.
联合古陆演化周期中超大型含煤及含油气盆地的形成 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
联合古陆———Pangea的拼合与裂解反映了地球系统内部的巨大变革,这一过程根本上改变了浅部圈层的构造和环境。地史上超大型含煤盆地及含油气盆地与Pangea的演化周期密切相关。在石炭纪及二叠纪拼合过程中形成了一系列超大型聚煤盆地;晚侏罗世Pangea开始裂解,出现全球性裂陷作用期,大西洋张开,许多与裂陷有关的大型叠合盆地形成。在这些盆地中已发现十余个与晚侏罗世烃源岩有关的巨型含油气系统。上述情况表明Pangea演化过程中出现了对能源资源聚集极为有利的古构造、古环境和古气候条件。 相似文献