金沙江上游某巨型复合型滑坡的基本特征及稳定性分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

石豫川  冯文凯  叶志平  胥良 《地质灾害与环境保护》2003,14(4):11-15,42

在对西南某水电站库区一特大型、多期复合型滑坡所处的工程环境条件、自身结构及各期次滑坡体物质组成特征认真调查和研究的基础上．结合ESR测龄试验研究，对该滑坡的变形破坏机制及形成年代进行了综合分析，并对其稳定性进行了定性评价。  相似文献   

原子荧光光谱法测定地球化学样品中的砷、锑和汞的方法改进   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何贵  陈康林  王禄军 《四川地质学报》2003,23(1):62-64

在原子荧光光谱法中，通过改进地球化学样品的分解条件，预还原条件及测定条件，使砷、锑和汞能在同一介质中测定，而且实现了砷与汞的双道同时测定。方法的检测出限、准确度及精密度均能达到行业要求。  相似文献   

碱熔沉淀-等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中的多元素   总被引：14，自引：17，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

王蕾  何红蓼李冰 《岩矿测试》2003,22(2):86-92

采用过氧化钠焙融或偏硼酸锂熔融分解样品，将提取液碱性沉淀，通过过滤分离掉大量熔剂，再将沉淀用酸复溶后用等离子体质谱测定26个元素。通过对比，偏硼酸锂熔融—酸提取—碱性沉淀的方案，空白低，易操作，成本低，大多数元素测定结果的相对误差＜10％，相对标准偏差＜5％(n＝10)，与标准值相吻合。  相似文献   

单道扫描电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定珊瑚礁中主量和微量元素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

林学辉  刘昌岭 《岩矿测试》2003,22(3):225-227

建立了用单道扫描电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定珊瑚礁中主量和微量元素的方法。珊瑚礁样品经酸溶解后,直接进行Ca、Mg、K、Na、V、Sr、Ba、Co、Ni、Pb、Li、Rb的测定,方法检出限为0.0004～0.1mg/L,精密度RSD<5%(n=6),样品的加标回收率为97%～105%。测定w(CaO)为50%的样品,结果与传统的EDTA容量法相符。方法经碳酸盐岩石国家一级标准物质验证可行,已用于大批量的珊瑚礁样品的测定。  相似文献   

钾-氩和氩-氩定年样品的送样要求及预处理   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11  

刘玉琳苗国均  黄宝玲 《岩矿测试》2003,22(4):297-299

介绍了K-Ar和Ar-Ar法定年样品的送样要求及实验室预处理程序，样品粒度以250～180μm为宜；用量则视样品的K含量和年龄情况而定，K含量越高、年龄越老，所需样品量越少，多数样品的用量在几十至几百毫克；对于年龄情况不清楚的样品，10～20g手标本或者1～2g合适粒度的样品可以保证用量。全岩样品常受蚀变和捕虏晶的影响，有效的预处理可以在很大程度上消除这些干扰因素。文章还介绍了用稀HNO3消除碳酸盐、1．7mol／L HF消除轻微蚀变的影响以及电磁选剔除捕虏晶的实验过程。  相似文献   

加卸载响应比(LURR)理论的实验研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

余怀忠  尹祥础  夏蒙棼  梁乃刚  李敏  许昭永  彭克银  Wu Zhishen  Qi Li 《中国地震》2003,19(1):58-66

利用大尺度岩石试件破坏声发射实验，对加卸载响应比(Load/Unload Response Ratio)理论进行了实验研究。实验采用的加载条件力求能够模拟地下岩石的复杂受力过程。在加载过程中，岩石试件内部出现的损伤用声发射技术进行了记录。实验数据经过分析之后所得的结论与加卸载响应比理论预测的结果相符合。把加卸载响应比值Y的变化情况与声发射事件定位的过程相对比，也可以进一步看出岩石材料内部的损伤发展过程与加卸载响应比Y值的变化具有一致性。而高Y值的异常情况出现，又是在材料发生最终破坏之前，所以，可以用加卸载响应比理论定量地分析岩石试件损伤演化情况，从而对岩石材料的破坏及地震做出预测。实验结果再一次验证了加卸载响应比理论。  相似文献   

Modelling the effects of temperature and food on individual growth and reproduction of Daphnia and their consequences on the population level     

Karsten Rinke  Thomas Petzoldt 《Limnologica》2003,33(4):293-304

Individual based simulations of population dynamics require the availability of growth models with adequate complexity. For this purpose a simple-to-use model (non-linear multiple regression approach) is presented describing somatic growth and reproduction of Daphnia as a function of time, temperature and food quantity. The model showed a good agreement with published observations of somatic growth (r² = 0.954, n = 88) and egg production (r² = 0.898, n = 35). Temperature is the main determinant of initial somatic growth and food concentration is the main determinant of maximal body length and clutch size. An individual based simulation was used to demonstrate the simultaneous effects of food and temperature on the population level. Evidently, both temperature and food supply affected the population growth rate but at food concentrations above approximately 0.4 mg Cl⁻¹ Scenedesmus acutus temperature appeared as the main determinant of population growth.

Four simulation examples are given to show the wide applicability of the model: (1) analysis of the correlation between population birth rate and somatic growth rate, (2) contribution of egg development time and delayed somatic growth to temperature-effects on population growth, (3) comparison of population birth rate in simulations with constant vs. decreasing size at maturity with declining food concentrations and (4) costs of diel vertical migration. Due to its plausible behaviour over a broad range of temperature (2–20 °C) and food conditions (0.1–4 mg Cl⁻¹) the model can be used as a module for more detailed simulations of Daphnia population dynamics under realistic environmental conditions.  相似文献   

Optimum multiple tuned mass dampers for structures under the ground acceleration based on the uniform distribution of system parameters     

Chunxiang Li  Yanxia Liu 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(5):671-690

The five MTMD models, with natural frequencies being uniformly distributed around their mean frequency, have been recently presented by the first author. They are shown to have the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio (more precisely, for a given mass ratio there is an upper limit on the total number, beyond which the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio occurs). In this paper, the eight new MTMD models (i.e. the UM‐MTMD1～UM‐MTMD3, US‐MTMD1～US‐MTMD3, UD‐MTMD1 and UD‐MTMD2), with the system parameters (mass, stiffness and damping coefficient) being, respectively, uniformly distributed around their average values, have been, for the first time here, proposed to seek for the MTMD models without the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio. The structure is represented by the mode‐generalized system corresponding to the specific vibration mode that needs to be controlled. Through minimization of the minimum values of the maximum dynamic magnification factors (DMF) of the structure with the eight MTMD models (i.e. through the implementation of Min.Min.Max.DMF), the optimum parameters and values of Min.Min.Max.DMF for these eight MTMD models are investigated to evaluate and compare their control performance. The optimum parameters include the optimum mass spacing, stiffness spacing, damping coefficient spacing, frequency spacing, average damping ratio and tuning frequency ratio. The six MTMD models without the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio (i.e. the UM‐MTMD1～UM‐MTMD3, US‐MTMD1, US‐MTMD2 and UD‐MTMD2) are found through extensive numerical analyses. Likewise, the optimum UM‐MTMD3 offers the higher effectiveness and robustness and requires the smaller damping with respect to the rest of the MTMD models in reducing the responses of structures subjected to earthquakes. Additionally, it is interesting to note, by comparing the optimum UM‐MTMD3 with the optimum MTMD‐1 recently investigated by the first author, that the effectiveness and robustness for the optimum UM‐MTMD3 is almost identical to that for the optimum MTMD‐1 (without inclusion of the optimum MTMD‐1 with the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio). Recognizing these performance benefits, it is preferable to employ the optimum UM‐MTMD3 or the optimum MTMD‐1 without the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio, when installing the MTMD for the suppression of undesirable oscillations of structures under earthquakes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

试论火山岩储层的类型及其成因特征   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

陈庆春朱东亚  胡文瑄曹学伟 《地质论评》2003,49(3):286-291

本文在总结前人研究的基础上，结合胜利及辽河油田最新资料，提出了一种火山岩油气藏储层分类方案，共分为火山熔岩型、火山碎屑岩型和潜火山岩型3种类型。其中火山碎屑岩型又可分为正常火山碎屑岩型和火山碎屑沉积岩型两种亚类型；潜火山岩型分为隐爆角砾岩型和蚀变岩型两种亚类型。文中结合实例对各种类型储层的成因机制、空间展布特点以及储集性的变化特征进行了阐述和讨论。  相似文献   

指派交叉--一种新的遗传交叉方法     

郑肇葆 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(3):272-276

在用遗传算法生成影像纹理分类的“Tuned”模板中，引用了一个新的遗传交叉方法——指派交叉，与其他的交叉方法相比，指派交叉可在相同的搜索空间中提供更好的优化组合。试验证明，指派交叉是值得推广的一种遗传交叉方法。  相似文献