基于剖面声呐的海底微地貌观测研究^*          下载免费PDF全文

田壮才  彭子奇  贾永刚  张明伟 《古地理学报》2022,24(1):180-190

海底地貌是海水覆盖下的固体地球表面形态的总称。海底地貌巨变往往与海底地质灾害息息相关,会对海底管线和海上平台等海洋工程设施造成危害,因而对海底地貌进行原位观测具有重要意义。本研究基于前人研究成果和团队常年自主研发仪器经验,研制出了剖面声呐海底微地貌原位观测系统,详细介绍了观测系统的组成、功能、工作原理和工作模式,并提出了观测数据的处理分析方法;然后,使用观测系统进行了标志物检验实验,通过将观测系统测量数据与其他设备测量数据相对比,验证了观测系统的可行性和数据准确性;最后,使用观测系统在舟山海域朱家尖滑坡区进行原位观测,进一步验证了观测系统的可行性。观测结果进一步表明剖面声呐观测系统可以用于海底微地貌的观测研究。  相似文献   

共线SPDC下剩余脉冲泵浦光滤光特性研究     

白云  权润爱  张羽  侯飞雁  刘涛  张首刚  董瑞芳 《时间频率学报》2014,(1):1-9

从宽带脉冲泵浦光的光谱及滤光片的滤光特性参数出发,分析了自发参量下转换（SPDC）产生纠缠光源的系统中各类滤光片对剩余脉冲泵浦光的滤除效率。分析结果表明,适当组合不同类型的滤光片可以有效地滤除剩余脉冲泵浦光,并从实验上验证了分析结果的正确性。该研究为脉冲泵浦光条件下SPDC过程产生的纠缠光源的有效测量提供了理论指导和实验验证。  相似文献   

Impact of the Mass Parameter on Particle Dynamics in a Ring Configuration of N Bodies     

F.?E.?PsarrosEmail author  T.?J.?Kalvouridis 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,298(3):469-488

Parameters play a very important and determinative role in the dynamics of a dynamical system as well as in the formation of its particular characteristics. In this paper we investigate the way in which a large scale variation of the mass parameter, influences the behavior of a mass-less particle which moves in the vicinity of a ring arrangement of N-bodies. More precisely, we study the impact of this parameter on periodic motions and their characteristics.  相似文献   

Terrain Pattern Recognition and Spatial Decision Making for Regional Slope Stability Studies   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

George?MiliaresisEmail author  Nikos?Sabatakakis  George?Koukis 《Natural Resources Research》2005,14(2):91-100

A terrain partition scheme is presented that allows the identification of regions with high landslide risk in natural terrain zones on the basis of geomorphometric criteria from moderate resolution DEMs. The key factor being the terrain segmentation to aspect regions (regions formed by points preserving the same aspect direction) instead of using an artificial regular-grid terrain partition scheme. The study area is in western Greece (NW Peloponnesus) whereas a moderate resolution digital elevation model with spacing 75 m is used. Landslide inventory analysis and knowledge conceptualization identified that the landslide susceptibility of a particular aspect region is high, if the mean elevation is low and the mean gradient is high. Each aspect region was parametrically represented on the basis of its mean gradient and elevation. The domain of each parameter was divided to seven slices (classes) on the basis of the observed density. Subsequent knowledge based mapping identified aspect regions with high landslide susceptibility for the following spatial rule: (a) “mean slope in class 6 or 7” and (b) “mean elevation in class 1 to 5”. Alternatively the rule is expressed as mean slope to be equal or greater than 15^∘ whereas mean elevation to be in the range 0 to 750 m. These identified zones correspond to regions where historical landslides occurred (populated coastal areas in the North) as well as to south regions (natural terrain zone) where no landslide record is available, because of the limitations posed by the natural terrain landslide mapping program in Greece. The presented terrain segmentation technique combined to the spatial decision-making process, provided both an object framework for integrating geomorphometric parameters and a method for landslide risk analysis in natural terrain zones.  相似文献   

Seafloor Geomorphology and Processes on the Western Continental Margin of India based on Multibeam Acoustic Backscatter Data Analysis     

Sumanta Dandapath  Andrew Menezes  Bishwajit Chakraborty  John Kurian  Koppella N. Prudhvi Raju 《Marine Geodesy》2018,41(2):177-200

An assessment of the multibeam sonar data of the central Western Continental Margins of India has been carried out to evaluate the seafloor geomorphology and processes by examining the geomorphological attributes e.g., slope, sediments, structures, etc. associated with geomorphic features. The variation in relief and the features located in the region have been mapped and interpreted collectively by utilizing several geospatial mapping tools. The backscatter strength across the area, apparently congruent with the local relief, has helped to examine the sediment movement on the seafloor. The prominent features found in the region include faults, pockmarks, mounds, submarine terraces, and submerged fossil reefs. Several areas with varying topography engender comparable fractal dimension at short scale breaks, and the probability density functions (PDFs) utilizing backscatter data depicting overlapping classes. The present study highlights how fractals and scale break parameters can be utilized to determine the seafloor processes and associated sedimentological dynamics in a complex geographical environment with strong bottom currents, seasonal upwelling, and faulted structure. The role and impact of the various geomorphic processes on the reworking of sediment movement and the overall progression of the seafloor morphology has been revealed for the first time in this part of the ocean bottom.  相似文献   

Smart 3D数据的三维模型重建     

李莹  林宗坚  苏国中  杨应 《测绘科学》2017,42(9)

针对Smart 3D生成的实景三维模型是一个三角网集合,并不能直接应用于数字城市建设、土地利用管理与城市规划的问题,该文提出了Smart 3D数据三维模型重建的方法:研究了基于分割过滤方法,提取高精度数字高程模型;基于参数化建模、纹理重建方法构建了建筑物三维模型。利用敦化市的倾斜影像进行了实验。实验结果表明:三维重建模型精度高、效果好、提高了自动化的程度,实现了城市建筑物模型的单体化。  相似文献   

用于海底底质分类的多波束声强数据选取研究     

孙文川  金绍华  肖付民  夏伟  朱小辰  田勋 《海洋测绘》2012,(3):18-20

高质量的海底声强图是进行多波束海底底质分类、目标识别的基础。要得到"单纯"反映海底底质信息的声强图,就需要对原始声强数据进行地形改正,消除地形因素的影响。在描述了多波束数据中水深数据不能满足声强数据的改正要求问题的基础上,提出了以水深数据覆盖范围为约束的声强数据选取方法。实例计算结果表明:该方法在能有效地选取高质量的声强数据,提高了基于声强图像的海底底质分类精度。  相似文献   

雨水入渗对非饱和土坡稳定性影响的参数研究   总被引：57，自引：1，他引：56  

吴宏伟  陈守义  庞宇威 《岩土力学》1999,20(1)

很多国家和地区的斜坡失稳与雨水入渗有密切关系。通过参数分析研究可以深化对这种关系的认识和理解,因而对滑坡灾害的预测和预防有重要意义。针对香港地区一种典型非饱和土斜坡,用有限元法模拟雨水入渗引起的暂态渗流场,然后将计算得到的暂态孔隙水压力分布用于斜坡的极限平衡分析。计算中采用延伸的摩尔－库伦破坏准则以便考虑基质吸力对抗剪强度的贡献,研究了降雨特征、水文地质条件及坡面防渗处理等因素对暂态渗流场和斜坡安全因数的影响。数值模拟结果表明：降雨强度、降雨历时和雨型对暂态渗流场及斜坡稳定性有明显的影响;土体的渗透系数,尤其是渗透系数各向异性的影响特别显著;斜坡中相对隔水层的存在以及斜坡防渗护面的效果等因素的影响均不容忽视。  相似文献   

特定环境下水下地形和碍航物的复合探测     

董希贵  黄东武 《海洋测绘》2004,24(2):32-36

对水下地形、碍航物的搜寻方式已由过去的单一设备探测向多种设备复合探测转变。介绍了多种复合探测的基本方法和特点。通过沉船、飞机残骸和航道扫测实例,证明复合探测可大幅度增强水下地形测量结论和水下失落物搜寻判别的真实性、可靠性,同时缩短了搜寻时问,提高了工作效率。  相似文献   

声纳测深数据滤波及实践     

杨久东  马飞虎  孙翠羽  肖巍巍  程广振 《测绘信息与工程》2010,35(1):49-50

介绍了声纳测深的主要误差,分析了测深数据的滤波方法,实现了测深数据的质量控制。  相似文献