The role of urban growth,climate change,and their interplay in altering runoff extremes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Elisa Arnone  Dario Pumo  Antonio Francipane  Goffredo La Loggia  Leonardo V. Noto 《水文研究》2018,32(12):1755-1770

Changes in climate and urban growth are the most influential factors affecting hydrological characteristics in urban and extra‐urban contexts. The assessment of the impacts of these changes on the extreme rainfall–runoff events may have important implications on urban and extra‐urban management policies against severe events, such as floods, and on the design of hydraulic infrastructures. Understanding the effects of the interaction between climate change and urban growth on the generation of runoff extremes is the main aim of this paper. We carried out a synthetic experiment on a river catchment of 64 km² to generate hourly runoff time series under different hypothetical scenarios. We imposed a growth of the percentage of urban coverage within the basin (from 1.5% to 25%), a rise in mean temperature of 2.6 °C, and an alternatively increase/decrease in mean annual precipitation of 25%; changes in mean annual precipitation were imposed following different schemes, either changing rainstorm frequency or rainstorm intensity. The modelling framework consists of a physically based distributed hydrological model, which simulates fast and slow mechanisms of runoff generation directly connected with the impervious areas, a land‐use change model, and a weather generator. The results indicate that the peaks over threshold and the hourly annual peaks, used as hydrological indicators, are very sensitive to the rainstorm intensity. Moreover, the effects of climate changes dominate on those of urban growth determining an exacerbation of the fast runoff component in extreme events and a reduction of the slow and deep runoff component, thus limiting changes in the overall runoff.  相似文献   

菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)“斑马蛤2号”筏式和底播养殖模式比较研究          下载免费PDF全文

田园  金燕  陈炜  李翠翠  王璠  于欣  车宗豪  刘括  梁腾  霍忠明  闫喜武 《海洋与湖沼》2021,52(6):1496-1505

为探究菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）筏式养殖模式可行性，在我国黄海北部首次开展了菲律宾蛤仔"斑马蛤2号"新品种的筏式与底播养殖模式对比试验。采用平均壳长为2.37 cm，平均全湿重为2.99 g规格的"斑马蛤2号"苗种为试验材料，对两种养殖方式的"斑马蛤2号"生长、存活、营养成分进行比较分析，结果表明，筏式养殖"斑马蛤2号"夏季（4-7月）壳长、壳宽、壳高、全湿重、软体重的相对生长速率分别比底播养殖"斑马蛤2号"快149.54%、100.61%、116.30%、152.25%、132.58%（P<0.05）。筏式养殖"斑马蛤2号"存活率为90%以上，显著高于底播养殖（P<0.05）。两种养殖方式的"斑马蛤2号"水分、灰分、粗蛋白、糖原、脂肪酸等营养成分季节变化规律基本一致。筏式养殖"斑马蛤2号"冬季糖原、单不饱和脂肪酸含量明显高于底播养殖"斑马蛤2号"（P<0.05）。研究表明，当年10月采用多层聚乙烯网笼按密度为150-200粒/层放养菲律宾蛤仔"斑马蛤2号"大规格苗种（平均壳长为2.37 cm，平均全湿重为2.99 g），可于翌年的4月、7月、10月收获平均壳长为3.03、3.36、3.51 cm的市场规格产品。筏式养殖模式具有存活率高的优点。"斑马蛤2号"筏式养殖模式试验的成功为蛤仔健康养殖提供了新途径。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地东部将军戈壁地区侏罗系砂岩型铀矿成矿规律研究及其意义          下载免费PDF全文

蒲小晨  唐湘飞  张强  吴声明  牛军杰  郭超 《地质找矿论丛》2022,37(2):199-206

通过野外实地勘查和近几年钻孔样品测试数据综合统计,结合三角图图解和地球化学数据组合对比,分析侏罗系头屯河组、西山窑组、三工河组、八道湾组赋铀层位砂岩碎屑矿物组分,并对不同地段不同层位铀矿化对比、剖析赋铀层位层间氧化带附近铀矿化特征,总结了研究区地球化学特征及氧化带特征与铀成矿规律。  相似文献