关于松嫩平原西部地区土的可塑性研究与探讨     

王晓峰 《吉林地质》2010,29(3):111-114

本文通过对松嫩平原西部齐齐哈尔、大庆等地粉土及粘性土612组液限与塑限、塑性指数的对比试验数据的相关分析,建立了液限与塑限、塑性指数间的回归方程。回归方程的相关系数分别为0.897、0.931,经验关系高度显著。  相似文献   

Elasto‐plastic seepage‐induced stresses due to tunneling     

Jong‐Ho Shin  In‐Mo Lee  Young‐Jin Shin 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2011,35(13):1432-1450

When tunneling is carried out beneath the groundwater table, hydraulic boundary is altered, resulting in seepage entering into the tunnel. The development of flow into the tunnel induces seepage stresses in the ground and the lining is subjected to additional loads. This can often cause fine particles to move, which clog the filter resulting in the long‐term hydraulic deterioration of the drainage system. However, the effect of seepage force is generally not considered in the analysis of tunnel. While several elastic solutions have been proposed by assuming seepage in an elastic medium, stress solutions have not been considered for the seepage force in a porous elasto‐plastic medium. This paper documents a study that investigates the stress behavior, caused by seepage, of a tunnel in an elasto‐plastic ground and its effects on the tunnel and ground. New elasto‐plastic solutions that adopt the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion are proposed for a circular tunnel under radial flow conditions. A simple solution based on the hydraulic gradient obtained from a numerical parametric study is also proposed for practical use. It should be noted that the simple equation is useful for acquiring additional insight into a problem on a tunnel under drainage, because only a minimal computational effort is needed and considerable economic benefits can be gained by using it in the preliminary stage of tunnel design. The proposed equations were partly validated by numerical analysis, and their applicability is illustrated and discussed using an example problem. Comments on the tunnel analysis are also provided. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Geochemistry, mineralogy, and technological properties of the main Stephanian (Carboniferous) coal seams from the Puertollano Basin, Spain     

A. Alastuey  A. Jimnez  F. Plana  X. Querol  I. Surez-Ruiz 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2001,45(4)

This study is focused on the occurrence and distribution of mineral matter and major and trace elements in the high volatile bituminous coal from Puertollano (south-central Spain). The relationship between ash behaviour and inorganic composition, as well as the possible formation of fouling and slagging deposits in boilers during the conversion process, were investigated. The Puertollano coals do not exhibit plastic properties, despite their rank, probably because of their high ash and inertinite contents.The Puertollano coal has medium to low total S content (0.48% to 1.63% db, with a mean of 1.0% db) and is characterised by relatively high contents of Si, Pb, Sb, and Cs. Some elements such as As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ge, Li, Mn, Ni, W, and Zn are also present in relatively high contents. The enrichment in a number of heavy metals could be attributed to the common sulphide ores occurring near the Puertollano coal deposit.The following trace elements affinities are deduced: (a) sulphide affinity: As, Co, Cd, Cu, Ni, Sb, Tl, and Zn; (b) aluminum–silicate affinity: K, Ti, B, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu Ga, Hf, Li, Nb, Rb, Sn, Ta, Th, V, Zr, and LREE; (c) Carbonate affinity: Ca, Mg, Mn, and B; (d) organic affinity: B.The very high Si levels and the anomalous enrichment in Cs, Ge, Pb, Sb, and Zn shown by the Puertollano coals account for the high contents of these elements in the Puertollano fly ash when compared with the other Spanish coal fly ashes.The chemical composition of the high temperature ash (HTA) is consistent with the trend shown by the ash fusion temperatures (AFT) and also with the predictive indices related to slagging and fouling propensities. Thus, the ash fusion temperatures increase with high values of Al₂O₃ as well as with the decrease in Fe₂O₃, CaO, and MgO.  相似文献   

Isoductile strengths and strength reduction factors of elasto‐plastic SDOF systems subjected to simple waveforms     

Isabel Cuesta  Mark A. Aschheim 《地震工程与结构动力学》2001,30(7):1043-1059

The inelastic response of elasto‐plastic SDOF oscillators subjected to 24 simple waveforms was studied. The waveforms contain linear, quadratic, sinusoidal, and triangular acceleration components that repeat for not more than several cycles. Similarities and differences in oscillator response characteristics are presented, organized by a characteristic period. The strengths and corresponding strength reduction factors required for constant ductility responses are discussed. Response data are compared with expectations based on the concepts of equal energy, equal displacement, and preservation of force. Limitations on the applicability of the equal energy concept are identified. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Probabilistic critical excitation for MDOF elastic–plastic structures on compliant ground     

Izuru Takewaki 《地震工程与结构动力学》2001,30(9):1345-1360

Earthquake ground motions and their effects on structural responses are very uncertain even with the present knowledge. It is therefore desirable to develop a robust structural design method taking into account these uncertainties. Critical excitation approaches are promising and a new random critical excitation method is proposed for MDOF elastic–plastic shear‐building structures on compliant ground. The power (area of power spectral density (PSD) function) and the intensity (magnitude of PSD function) are fixed and the critical excitation is found under these restrictions. In contrast to linear elastic structures, transfer functions and simple expressions for response evaluation cannot be defined in elastic–plastic structures and difficulties arise in describing the peak responses except by laborious elastic–plastic time‐history response analysis. Statistical equivalent linearization is used to estimate the elastic–plastic stochastic peak responses approximately. The critical excitation responses are obtained for several examples and compared with those of the corresponding recorded earthquake ground motion. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

上地幔的岩石组构和各向异性   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

金淑燕 《地质科技情报》1993,12(3):32-38

着重介绍了上地幔各向异性及其成因,研究内容和方法,各向异性研究的地球动力学意义,并强调指出橄榄石和辉石在塑性固态流动过程中产生的晶格优选方位或组构是导致上地幔各向异性最主要原因。  相似文献   

砂岩分级加卸载蠕变试验过程能量演化分析     

韩超  庞德朋  李德建 《岩土力学》2020,41(4):1179-1188

对陕西柠条塔砂岩样品进行单轴分级加卸载蠕变试验，分析样品变形破坏过程中的能量演化规律。结果表明：随循环级数增加，各级耗散能非线性增长，各级塑性应变能相对稳定；耗散能超过塑性应变能可作为样品破坏的先兆能量特征。通过定义相关系数，建立能量与变形之间的关系后发现：随循环级数增加，各级塑性应变能与各级新增塑性应变呈正相关性，各级耗散能与塑性应变累积量呈正相关性。分别对加载、蠕变、卸载及恢复等4个阶段的能量计算后得出：各阶段能量演化速率均随循环级数的增加而增大。加、卸载速率恒定时，加载段能量变化率大于同级卸载段能量变化率，蠕变段能量变化率大于同级恢复段能量变化率。通过分析各级循环加载段能量变化规律，提出能量衰减系数 ，该值随应力水平增长呈幂函数形式降低，以此提出一种可以有效预测破坏应力的方法。  相似文献   

An experimental study on semi-brittle and plastic rheology of Panzhihua gabbro   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

何昌荣  周永胜  桑祖南 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(7):730-742

Rheological properties of the crust and upper mantle are essential data that are needed in modelling the mechanical behaviour of the shallow part of the earth. The importance of such data has been seen in discussions about the strength profile of continen…  相似文献   

北疆复播地膜玉米的气候适应性初探     

唐凤兰  谢国辉  李辉  孔祥耀 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2005,28(5):28-29

北疆乌兰乌苏的地膜玉米分期复播田间试验表明:随着复播日期的推迟,收获籽粒的百粒重和单穗籽粒干重呈下降趋势。7月5日前播种,90d以上的生长期,≥10℃活动积温2000℃·d,才能保证复播地膜玉米承单3号的正常成熟。  相似文献   

Scaling of strength reduction factors for degrading elasto‐plastic oscillators     

Arindam Chakraborti  Vinay K. Gupta 《地震工程与结构动力学》2005,34(2):189-206

The inelastic (design) spectra characterizing a seismic hazard are generally obtained by the scaling‐down of the elastic (design) spectra via a set of response modification factors. The component of these factors, which accounts for the ductility demand ratio, is known as the strength reduction factor (SRF), and the variation of this factor with initial period of the oscillator is called an SRF spectrum. This study considers scaling of the SRF spectrum in the case of an elasto‐plastic oscillator with strength and stiffness degradation characteristics. Two models are considered: one depending directly on the characterization of source and site parameters and the other depending on the normalized design spectrum characterization of the seismic hazard. The first model is the same as that proposed earlier by the second author, and is given in terms of earthquake magnitude, strong‐motion duration, predominant period, geological site conditions, ductility demand ratio, and ductility supply‐related parameter. The second model is a new model proposed here in terms of the normalized pseudo‐spectral acceleration values (to unit peak ground acceleration), ductility demand ratio and ductility supply‐related parameter. For each of these models, least‐square estimates of the coefficients are obtained through regression analyses of the data for 956 recorded accelerograms in western U.S.A. Parametric studies carried out with the help of these models confirm the dependence of SRFs on strong‐motion duration and earthquake magnitude besides predominant period and site conditions. It is also seen that degradation characteristics make a slight difference for high ductility demands and may lead to lower values of SRFs, unless the oscillators are very flexible. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献