燃烧麦秸对大气颗粒物中多环芳烃含量的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

赵起越  李新中陈添 《岩矿测试》2003,22(4):273-276

通过对集中燃烧麦秸前后北京市大气颗粒物中多环芳烃的分析，结合麦秸燃烧排放气体中相关成分的测试，说明燃烧麦秸对大气中多环芳烃的含量有很大的影响，提示有关部门应对之采取措施，防止大气环境质量因此而受到破坏。  相似文献   

东海泥质区表层沉积物中多环芳烃的分布特征及物源   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

张宗雁  郭志刚  张干  刘国卿  郭玲利 《地球化学》2005,34(4):75-82

以 GC/MSD内标法定量测定了东海近岸和远岸泥质沉积区 18个表层沉积物中多环芳烃 (PAHs)的含量,探讨了多环芳烃在这些泥质区的分布特征、影响因素及来源.结果显示 ,近岸泥质区多环芳烃含量普遍较高,介于 180.3～ 424.8 ng/g(干重 )之间;冲绳海槽次之,含量为 211.7 ng/g ;济州岛西南泥质区最低,含量介于 117.1～ 211.7 ng/g之间.东海泥质区多环芳烃的分布主要受控于离物源的远近、沉积物粒度、有机碳含量以及东海环流体系.东海泥质区的多环芳烃主要来源于热成因,大气干湿沉降和河流输入是其进入泥质区的主要途径.东海泥质区多环芳烃的污染程度中等.  相似文献   

Studies of distribution, release and environmental influences of Fushun oil shale and its self-combustion     

Liping ZHANG Rongshu ZENG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):38-39

Three dumping sites have been formed at the northern region of Fushun City, Liaoning Province, for a large number of gangues including much oil shale that had been piled onto ground as gangue during long-term coal exploitation at West Fushun Open-pit Mine. Under appropriate conditions, self-combustion occurs after long-term exposure of oil shale and consequently such phenomena could be found almost everywhere at the three dumping sites. Much polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） must be generated through oil shale self-combustion, a kind of incomplete combustion. In this paper, in order to make clear the PAHs distribution in oil shale and its self-combustion and their potential effects on surrounding environment, coal, low-grade oil shale, high-grade oil shale, burning oil shale, burnt oil shale and shaly soil collected from West Fushun Open-Pit Mine and West Dumping Site were analyzed quantitatively in 16 US EPA priority PAHs for the first time. Results showed that 16 PAHs in all samples were less than those in some bitumites and carbonaceous coals and were as much as those in lignites and anthracites from some Chinese mining areas. Coal and low-grade oil shale were abundant in lower molecular-weighted PAHs in contrast to high-grade oil shale with rich higher molecular-weighted PAHs. They had more benzo[a] pyrene than the highest background value in soils in Liaoning Province. So PAHs in these crude oil shales could cause potential effects on environment. There were at least 5121.40 p.g/kg PAils generated and at least 3976.70 μg/kg PAHs released into environment in the period from combustion beginning to sampling on the basis of calculation. Furthermore, the concentrations of 3-4 ring PAHs among them were very high. Therefore it could be said that oil shale self-combustion aggravated the environmental impacts of PAHs in oil shale. The low concentrations of PAHs in shaly soil showed that much PAHs had been released through recultivation and biodegradation.  相似文献   

Relationship of polycyclic aromatic sulfur compounds and gold enrichment in the Kupferschiefer from Poland and Germany     

孙玉壮王萍  陈建平 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(1):16-22

1INTRODUCTION ORGANICALLY BOUNDSULFURCOMPOUNDSWEREPREVI OUSLYDETECTEDINTHEKUPFERSCHIEFER(P櫣TTMANNAND GO EL,1990;ROSPONDEKETAL.,1994).P櫣TTMANN ANDGO EL(1990)INVESTIGATEDTHEEXTRACTABLEORGANIC MATTERINTHEKUPFERSCHIEFERFROMTHENORTH SUDETIC SYNCLINEANDPROPOS…  相似文献   

西藏昂拉仁错环形构造剖析     

崔志强  刘登忠  刘海军  赵培松 《测绘科学》2007,32(6):159-161

卫星图像分析显示,青藏高原腹地阿里地区存在非常清晰的大型环形构造影像,结合遥感影像及地质等特征分析,认为昂拉仁错环形构造是雅鲁藏布江断裂带、班公湖-怒江断裂带南缘分支断裂和南北向展布的多桑地堑和亚热地堑为界所围陷的环形构造。其形成是在印度板块向欧亚板块俯冲的碰撞过程中,青藏高原在总体隆升的背景下,由于岩石圈受到南北向挤压、东西向拉张的影响,张性断裂活动性增强,后期火山活动频繁,形成了由不同方向断裂、不同时期岩浆活动构成的多层环形构造。  相似文献   

海水中多环芳烃的暴露浓度对鲈鱼体内脂质过氧化程度的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林建清  洪华生  王新红  肖智强 《台湾海峡》2005,24(3):310-315

本文以鲈鱼为实验材料，以鲈鱼体内的丙二醛含量为指标研究了在水样中16种多环芳烃组分和外加芘为实验试剂的条件下，鲈鱼体内不同器官、组织的脂质过氧化程度的变化．实验结果表明：（1）在鲈鱼鳃、全血中的丙二醛浓度较高，而肝脏的丙二醛浓度较低。（2）水样中多环芳烃及外加芘的暴露能导致鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度升高，这表明多环芳烃以及芘的暴露能引起鲈鱼肝内脂质过氧化程度的提高。（3）水体中多环芳烃及外加芘浓度的变化对鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度的影响具有可逆性，且鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度与水环境的多环芳烃（包括芘）暴露浓度呈良好的正相关关系。这说明：鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度可作为指示水环境的多环芳烃污染程度的指标。由于生物体内的丙二醛浓度受多种因素的影响，在使用丙二醛浓度指标来指示海洋环境的多环芳烃污染时。最好与其他指标配合使用，以更准确地指示海洋环境多环芳烃污染。  相似文献   

若干新技术研究海洋多环芳烃生物降解的进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈双雅  郑天凌  胡忠 《台湾海峡》2002,21(4):504-515

综述了降解多环芳烃的海洋微生物种类及其降解途径的若干研究进展，介绍了研究中所应用到的16SrDNA、PCR、DNA－DNA杂交、变性凝胶梯度电泳、转座子诱变等分子生物学技术，分析了在海洋多环芳烃微生物降解研究中极具潜力的分子生物学技术如流式细胞技术、发光酶基因标记技术、生物芯片技术的应用前景。  相似文献   

海洋微生物对多环芳烃的降解   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  

郭楚玲  哈里德  郑天凌  洪华生  田蕴 《台湾海峡》2001,20(1):43-47

从海域沉积物中富集分离出以芘作为唯一碳源和能源的海洋微生物，以ST4富集培养的混合微生物作为研究对象；该海洋混合菌株能利用菲（Phe）、芘（Pyr)、荧蒽（Fla)等多种多环芳烃；在不同浓度的芘的降解中，当芘的浓度为50mg/dm^3时，其生长水平和降解速率最高；当芘的浓度为200mg/dm^3时，其生长受到抑制，芘几乎不能被降解。外加营养盐酵母浸出液和葡萄糖促进降解微生物的生长，提高降解速率。研究表明了海洋微生物在多环芳烃污染环境的生物修复应用前景。  相似文献   

珠江虎门潮汐水道水体中多环芳烃的分布及季节变化   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

杨清书  欧素英  谢萍  麦碧娴  傅家谟  盛国英 《海洋学报》2004,26(6):37-48

采用GF/F玻璃滤膜对珠江虎门潮汐水道6个表层水样进行过滤分离出多环芳烃的颗粒相和溶解相,并根据美国EPA标准对多环芳烃进行了定量分析.结果显示,洪、枯季水体中16种优先控制多环芳烃总量分别是223～614,6 559～20 031 ng/dm3;洪、枯季多环芳烃总量分别为786～2 098,11 360～34 338 ng/dm3;广州前航道的污染较狮子洋严重.珠江虎门潮汐水道水体中多环芳烃的含量、分布具有明显的季节变化特征,枯季多环芳烃的浓度高于洪季1个数量级以上,且二环多环芳烃的含量占95%以上,主要呈溶解相形式出现;洪季高环多环芳烃的含量明显升高,主要呈颗粒相形式输运.  相似文献   

Topographically associated but chronologically disjunct late Quaternary floodplains and terraces in a partly confined valley,south‐eastern Australia     

T. J. Cohen  G. C. Nanson 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2008,33(3):424-443

The Bellinger River catchment in the New England Fold Belt on the mid‐north coast of New South Wales is characterized by an assemblage of stepped late Quaternary alluvial units. Late Pleistocene terraces were formed by large, more competent rivers that eroded almost entire valley floors; however, a decline in discharge prior to the Holocene has resulted in the abandonment of these deposits as elevated terraces or residual alluvium, onlapped by contemporary floodplains. Intrinsic controls on floodplain formation appear to be superimposed over an early–mid‐Holocene climatic signature. A fluvially active period, known as the Nambucca Phase, from 10 to 4·5 ka, eroded Late Pleistocene terraces. Two floodplain surfaces, one higher than the other, both started to accrete vertically from 4 ka but with some valley locations remaining vulnerable to episodes of erosion, resulting in substantial units of even younger basal alluvium. The high floodplain is dominated by horizontally laminated, vertically accreted sequences, while the low floodplain, which overlaps in age, is characterized by pronounced cut‐and‐fill stratigraphy. Terraces and floodplains in partly confined settings can have similar elevations but be polycyclic, with very different basal ages. In such landscapes the classical assumption that individual terrace or floodplain profiles along a valley represent periods of coeval formation is shown to be frequently invalid. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献