高精度CTD采水器控制系统的设计与分析     

李建国  张鹤海 《海洋技术学报》2000,19(4):40-46

本系统是国家“８６３”任务中８１８－０２Ａ项目的重要组成部 和高精度ＣＴＤ测量仪联用,可以完成任意深度、任意时刻的采水控制功能,它采用国内外最新的技术和元器件,打破了原有的采水控制装置的设计思想,使采水器的动作完全合理准确。本文重点介绍其工作原理和关键技术。  相似文献   

一种便携式重力取样器的研制     

毛志新  刘宝林  肖剑  夏柏如 《地质科技情报》2006,25(6):104-106

在对湖泊或水库等浅层水域的环境变化研究和环境污染检测中,浅层水域的淤泥质沉积物取样是一项必不可缺的工作.在综合比较国内外常用重力取样器优缺点的基础上,提出了一种能够获取水库、湖泊等水域浅层淤泥质原状沉积物的重力式取样器,并详细介绍了其工作原理及其各组成机构的功能.通过现场试验情况证明,该取样器具有结构简单、操作方便的优点.  相似文献   

固相萃取-气相色谱法测定饮用水中的多氯联苯   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

刘金巍  王磊  安彩秀  肖凡  查晓康  高希娟 《岩矿测试》2011,30(5):611-616

研究了饮用水中84种多氯联苯的气相色谱分析方法。讨论了洗脱曲线、水样的pH值、甲醇加入量、含盐量、萃取流速等实验条件,并与经典的液-液萃取方法进行了对比。确定了样品在pH值为3,以5 mL/min的流速经大体积样品采样器-C18固相萃取柱富集,7 mL丙酮和5 mL乙腈洗脱,氮吹蒸发浓缩后正己烷定容至1.0mL,加入内标后使用电子捕获检测器气相色谱仪测定,并在选定的色谱条件下以选择离子监测方式进行验证。84种多氯联苯的方法检出限为1.2～15.0 ng/L,加标回收率为74.8%～126.8%,相对标准偏差为1.1%～14.8%。由于采用了大体积样品采样器,可实现多个样品的同时萃取富集,方法快速、低污染,低成本,可用于批量水样品中多氯联苯的分析测定。  相似文献   

Mark4格式器升级为Mark5B采样器的方法及步骤     

杨文军 《云南天文台台刊》2012,(1):26-33

近年来世界VLBI（Very Large Baseline Interferometry）终端技术发展迅速,主流的记录终端已发展到Mark5B记录系统,Mark5C也正在研制和测试阶段。为了适应未来高速率、海量数据以及数字基带转换器观测的要求,需要将现有的Mark5A升级到Mark5B或Mark5B＋,相应地需要将Mark4格式器升级为MarkB采样器。主要描述了相关设备的原理以及Mark4格式器升级的步骤。  相似文献   

Measurement of shipwreck-derived waterborne trace metals using DGT samplers     

T Dempsey  A Hartland  C McSweeney  CN Battershill 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2016,50(1):115-130

ABSTRACT

A contemporary approach to the assessment of metal pollutants in aquatic environments has been to measure contaminant concentrations in biological indicator species (mussels, oysters). However, for environments in which such indicator species do not occur naturally and cannot be deployed, alternative approaches for monitoring trace-metal pollution are required. Three years after the 2011 grounding of the MV Rena, diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) samplers were deployed at Otaiti (the offshore reef where the Rena grounded) to assess levels of waterborne trace-metal contamination. Although the probability of detecting waterborne contaminants within a dynamic open ocean reef environment would seem low, due to mixing and dilution, our analyses confirmed the presence of copper (≤0.43 vs ≤0.27?nmol?kg^?1), iron (≤6.3 vs ≤4.2?nmol?kg^?1), aluminium (≤8.9 vs ≤1.3?nmol?kg^?1), zinc (≤2.8 vs ≤2.0?nmol?kg^?1) and manganese (≤0.11 vs ≤0.09?nmol?kg^?1) at elevated concentrations in the Rena debris field relative to reference sites. The results demonstrate the utility of DGTs as a tool for measuring waterborne contaminants and suggest further research is required to characterise the contaminant plume and determine what effect it might have on the recovery of Otaiti's impacted biological communities.  相似文献   

海洋保温保压取样钻具的研制          下载免费PDF全文

蔡家品  赵义  阮海龙  陈云龙  梁涛  刘海龙  刘协鲁 《探矿工程》2016,43(2):60-63

针对天然气水合物储层环境,依托中国地质调查局地质调查项目“水域地层原位钻探取样器具设计及工艺研究”研制了海洋保温保压取样钻具。在室内试验的基础上,依次在浅水及深水对研制的钻具进行了功能性海试,改进后在1392 m深海进行了保温保压取样钻具功能性试验获得成功,为我国今后在海域天然气水合物勘探取样奠定了坚实的基础。  相似文献   

天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样方法的室内试验研究     

郭威  孙友宏  V.K. Chistyakov 《探矿工程》2009,36(5):1-6

本研究提出的天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样方法是利用外部冷源在孔底降低水合物岩心温度,采用主动式降温的方法降低水合物的临界分解压力,达到被动式降压来抑制水合物分解,获得水合物岩心的方法。首先,通过分析天然气水合物温压特性得出了孔底冷冻取样方法的可行性;然后,借助室内冷冻模拟试验确定了干冰为冷冻剂,酒精作为助冷催化剂和载冷剂的冷冻方式;最后,依据冷冻模拟试验得出的干冰法冷冻方式研制了FCS型天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样器样机,并进行了土层钻进冷冻取样试验,取得冷冻黄土岩心。本研究提出天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样思想,为天然气水合物取样器的设计提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

An evaluation of an automated hollow-fibre ultrafiltration apparatus for the isolation of colloidal materials in natural waters     

N. A. Marley  J. S. Gaffney  K. A. Orlandini  C. P. Dugue 《水文研究》1991,5(3):291-299

Colloidal materials and macromolecules that are less than 0.45 mircons in diameter can act to transport both hydrophobic and hydrophilic contaminations in subsurface waters. An automated hollow-fibre ultrafiltration apparatus is described and evaluated regarding its ability to physically size and isolate colloidal materials from natural waters. Sufficient size-fractionated colloidal samples can be obtained from 60 litre samples to perform inorganic, organic, and radionuclide characterizations, as well as allow the binding capacities of humic and fulvic materials to be evaluated. Samples processed in the field with the automated system were compared with laboratory analyses using single cartridge hollow-fibre ultrafilters and found to agree well with each other. Typical sample reproducibilities were with 15 per cent. The results indicate that field collection of colloidal materials is feasible with minimal sample perturbation using the automated sampler.  相似文献   

A New Plankton Sampler for Coral Reefs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Klaus  Rutzler  Joan D.  Ferraris Ronald J.  Larson 《Marine Ecology》1980,1(1):65-71

Abstract. A new self-contained Horizontal Plankton Sampler (HOPLASA) collects near-reef plankton that is not captured by conventional net tows and emergence traps. An electrical motor-propeller assembly inside a large acrylic cylinder drives water past an in-line flowmeter and through a rigidly attached plankton net. When positioned in the coral reef environment this sampling gear filters known quantities of bottom water. Larvae and developmental stages of many invertebrates and some fishes that never migrate to upper water layers but constitute an important fraction of the food chain are captured. Larvae of sponges, corals, and gorgonians, the most important animal reef builders, are obtained live and undamaged and can be cultured in the laboratory for identification after metamorphosis.  相似文献   

A SF6 tracer study of horizontal mixing in Lake Constance   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Manfred Maiss  Johann Ilmberger  Axel Zenger  Karl Otto Münnich 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1994,56(4):307-328

Horizontal mixing processes in the hypolimnion of the western part of Lake Constance are studied by measuring the dispersion of a sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) tracer plume. Only 1 liter gaseous SF₆ (STP) was released at a central hypolimnic depth of 60 m in August 1990. Over a period of 3 months the horizontal dispersion of the tracer plume was measured by 19 surveys using a new, vertically integrating sampling device. The observed horizontal dispersion is marked by strong storm-induced stirring events. Nevertheless mean turbulent diffusion coefficients for the whole period can be computed. They rise about linear from 0.7 10⁵ cm²/s to 3.0 10⁵ cm²/s with the distance from the western end of the lake. For the hypolimnion of Überlingersee, a sill-separated basin in the western part of Lake Constance, a simple budget model gives an exchange time of 67 ± 6 days with the main basin (Obersee).  相似文献