东营凹陷王家岗地区王古1潜山构造特征及油气成藏条件     

侯方辉  李三忠  王金铎  于建国  吕海青  许淑梅 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(2):341-344,322

进一步了解王古1潜山的构造特征及成藏条件,利用渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷东营凹陷王家岗地区的大量三维地震剖面和一些钻井资料,并结合东营凹陷南坡缓坡带区域构造背景及成藏条件分析认为,王古1潜山初始发育于印支期,后经燕山期拉张断陷,切割为断块并抬升,最后于燕山期定型,为典型的缓坡盆倾残丘潜山。该潜山被NW向和NE向断裂切割,潜山高部位侵蚀风化严重,上覆孔店组盖层及沙河街组烃源岩,油气通过断层和不整合面运移至潜山顶部形成侵蚀残丘型油气藏。  相似文献   

孪井灌区主要作物节水灌溉模式的研究     

刘贯群  朱新军  王淑英  陈浩  韩曼 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(5):809-816

根据内蒙古孪井滩灌区的自然地理、地质和水文地质条件,在室内外模拟试验的基础上,利用VS2DT模型对灌溉入渗水的运移进行了模拟,计算了现有灌溉量下的渗漏量,提出了灌区春小麦和夏玉米的节水灌溉模式。春小麦第一次灌溉的节水灌溉量为150 mm,第二次灌水的节水灌溉量为97.5 mm,以后4次灌水的灌溉量在60~75 mm之间。夏玉米第一次灌水的灌溉量也以150 mm为宜,以后5次灌溉量分别以127.5 mm,90.0 mm,97.5 mm,82.5 mm及67.5 mm为宜。此灌溉模式不仅能够节约水资源,而且能够防止土壤次生盐渍化的发展。  相似文献   

规则波在缓坡上变形与破碎数值分析     

李玉成  肖辉 《海洋工程》2007,25(1):27-34

通过在二维数值水槽内用边界元法直接求解Laplace方程,对规则波在缓坡上的变形及破碎进行了数值计算。分析了不同底坡及采用不同底摩阻系数时规则波的破碎特征,并对规则波破碎的极限坡度进行了研究。重点分析了规则波破碎时海底坡度、底摩阻系数及波形不对称性对破碎指标的影响。  相似文献   

The Working Mechanism and An Analytic Method of the Deep Embedded Large Cylinder Structure     

孙克俐  周锡礽钱荣 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(2):221-228

The large cylinder is a new-type structure that has been applied to harbor and offshore engineering. An analytic method of the relationship between loads and the structure displacement is developed based on the failure mode of deep embedded large cylinder structures. It can be used to calculate directly the soil resistance and the ultirnate bearing capacity of the structure under usage. A new criterion of the large cylinder structure, which discriminates the deep embedded cylinder from the shallow embedded cylinder, is defined. Model tests prove that the proposed method is feasible for the analysis of deep embedded large cylinder structures.  相似文献   

Parabolic Wave Propagation Modelling in Orthogonal Coordinate Systems     

袁德奎  林斌良肖鸿 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(3):445-456

This paper presents a numerical model study of the propagation of water waves using the parabolic approximation of the mild-slope equation in the orthogonal coordinate system. Two types of coordinate systems are studied: (a) a general form of orthogonal coordinate system and (b) the conformal system, a special form of orthogonal coordinate system. Two typical examples, namely, expanded breakwaters and a circular channel, are studied to validate the model. First, the examples are studied by use of the general orthogonal coordinates. Then the same examples are computed by use of the confonnal system. The computational results show that the confonnal coordinate system generally gives better predictions than the general orthogonal system. A numerical technique for generating the conformal grid is combined with the numerical model to improve the practicability of the model. The comparison between the result from the numerical grid system and that from the analytical grid system shows that reliable computational results can be obtained by use of the numerical confonnal grid system.  相似文献   

一种具有巨大经济价值的海洋矿产资源--砂石土     

蔡秋蓉  陈俊仁  吴能友 《海洋地质前沿》2003,19(2):6-8,13

砂石土指第四纪堆积的泥、土、砂，为一种极为重要的资源。我国具有丰富的海洋砂石土资源。以广东海域为例，通过资料的综合分析，探讨了海岸砂石土资源的重要作用，并提出其开采应注意的问题。  相似文献   

氯化物型盐碱地池塘底泥中水溶性盐的分布特征     

张美昭  张兆琪  郑伟刚  董双林 《海洋湖沼通报》2001,(4):50-55

1997－1999年夏天，对位于黄河下游的氯化物型盐碱地池塘底泥中的水溶性盐进行了分析。结果表明：底泥中的含盐量，SO^2-4,Ca^2 ,Mg^2 含量是随着塘龄的增加而升高，而其余离子基本不随塘龄的增加而变化。各离子的垂直分布为“泥－土”混合层的含量较低，“水－泥”交界层含量较高。  相似文献   

Channelled erosion through a marine dump site of dredge spoils at the mouth of the Puyallup River, Washington State, USA     

Neil C. Mitchell   《Marine Geology》2005,220(1-4):131-151

Channels are relatively common on river-mouth deltas, but the process by which they arise from river sediment discharge is unclear because they can potentially be explained either by negatively buoyant (hyperpycnal) flows produced directly from the river outflow or by flows generated by repeated failure and mobilisation of sediment rapidly deposited at the delta front. Channels eroded through a dump site of dredge spoils are described here from multibeam and older sonar data collected in Commencement Bay, at the mouth of the Puyallup River. Shallow channels on the seaward upper surface of the dump site, away from any flows that could have been produced by delta front failures, suggest that at least some hyperpycnal flows were produced directly from the positively buoyant river outflow up to 200 m from the edge of the river mouth platform. The form of channel bed erosion is revealed by the longitudinal shape of the main eroded channel compared with the adjacent dump site profile. It suggests that the channel evolved by its steep front retreating, rather than by simple vertical entrenchment or diffusive-like evolution of the profile, a geometry interpreted as evidence that repeated failure of the bed occurred in response to shear stress imposed by bottom-travelling flows. Model calculations based on shear strengths back-calculated from the geometry of channel wall failures suggest that, if the main channel were eroded solely by hyperpycnal flows, their generation was remarkably efficient in order to create flows vigorous enough to cause channel bed failure. Besides the sediment concentration and discharge characteristics that have been considered to dictate the ability of rivers to produce hyperpycnal flows, it is suggested that the timing of floods with respect to the tidal cycle should also be important because extreme low tides may be needed to ensure that coarse sediment is transferred vigorously to the edge of river mouth platforms.  相似文献   

1980-2000年中国耕作土壤有机碳的动态变化   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

于严严  郭正堂  吴海斌 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2006,26(6):123-130

通过分析我国1980年来耕作土壤有机质的实测数据,对比研究了90年代末和80年代初两个时段土壤有机碳密度的变化特征,并对变化的原因和未来发展趋势进行了探讨。结果表明,总体上我国实测点位(或区域)耕作土壤平均有机碳密度在此期间略有增加。其中,华北黄淮海潮土和褐土区、下辽河平原棕壤农业区和长江以南的水稻土区增幅分别达19%(0.24 kg/m2)、14%(0.29 kg/m2)和16%(0.29 kg/m2);相反,云南砖红壤区、东北和内蒙的黑土和黑钙土区有机碳损失,下降幅度分别达27%(1.01 kg/m2)和3%(0.11 kg/m2)。黄土高原的黑垆土和黄绵土区,山西北部的褐土区、新疆西北部的灌耕土区没有明显变化。两时段有机碳密度的空间分布与气候带总体一致,但20年间有机碳含量变化与80年代初的初始含量呈显著负相关。有机碳含量在低值区增加与近年来农田轮作、施肥和灌溉面积增加等农作措施的改善有关,而高值区的下降则与耕作时间短、强度大和初始含量高有关。根据现有耕作土壤与未耕作状态的碳损失状况估算,如果能在未来30~50年通过合理的农业措施使土壤有机碳损失量恢复50%,则华北、西北、华中南、西南和东北地区分别可能具有约51%、26%、7%、17%和30%的增长空间,指示我国耕作土壤具有较大的碳汇潜力。  相似文献   

陆坡非旋转重力羽状流的数值模拟          下载免费PDF全文

王凯  占全安  施心慧 《海洋科学》2007,31(7):55-62

借助MITgcm模式使用二维非静力近似在水平方向采用不等间距网格,模拟了陆坡非旋转重力羽状流的流动。模拟显示陆坡上的重力羽状流的运动比较复杂。通过数值实验,发现改变地形或调整冷源强度都会影响沿陆坡下沉的低温高密度水的羽状流形态,潮汐亦会对重力羽状流有一定的影响。经计算发现在陆坡处,Richardson数小于1/4,宜发生Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性,并由卷挟导致环境流体与高密度流体混合,沿着斜坡加速下滑。  相似文献