面向井周高陡构造的VSP地震干涉成像方法研究     

燕新跃  谷丙洛  孙志广  张永杰  张鑫怡 《地质论评》2024,70(3):2024030015-2024030015

随着我国油气勘探的不断深入,复杂高陡构造区越来越成为当今油气勘探的重点,现有成像方法无法满足井周高陡构造的成像需求。针对井中高陡构造,地震干涉法基于源检互易定理,对不同检波点处VSP资料进行相关/褶积处理,重构虚拟震源数据,得到以某一检波点为虚拟震源,另一检波点处接收到的虚拟SWP地震记录。根据地震干涉原理,将VSP资料的不同波场成分进行分离,并对不同波场成分进行数学运算来生成干涉道集。通过地震干涉法能够使虚拟观测系统更靠近目标区域,提高对高陡界面的成像分辨率,实现面向井周高陡构造的高精度成像。笔者等先是对地震干涉原理进行理论推导,基于扰动理论对VSP干涉道集的波场成分进行分析,验证了不同波场成分在地震干涉中的作用及虚假同相轴产生原因。引入窗函数滤波器,对远离虚拟源和虚拟检波器的记录进行衰减,压制干涉过程中生成的虚假同相轴。最后利用干涉成像条件对处理后的地震资料进行成像,并用盐丘模型进行数值试算,得到其高精度成像结果。  相似文献   

条斑紫菜栽培过程中有害藻类的分离与鉴定          下载免费PDF全文

杜艺菲  王广策  牛建峰  冯泽中  王旭雷  卓锦涛  邵之卓  郇丽  宫相忠 《海洋科学》2023,47(6):70-78

针对条斑紫菜栽培过程中出现的有害藻类问题,进行了叶状体和丝状体有害藻类分离与鉴定等相关研究。通过形态学分析和分子生物学鉴定,发现叶状体中的杂藻主要有大型绿藻(浒苔、曲浒苔)、大型红藻(红毛菜)以及微型绿藻和硅藻,丝状体中的杂藻主要为褐藻、微型绿藻和硅藻。针对部分微型杂藻进行了抑制剂处理实验,结果表明低浓度的抗生素可以有效抑制部分硅藻和绿藻的生长,二氧化锗对硅藻生长具有显著的抑制效果。研究结果为系统、全面认识条斑紫菜栽培过程中的有害藻类提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

鲨鱼和魟鱼肝铁蛋白电泳纯的制备技术   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

陈旭  黄河清  孔波  曹廷明  肖志群 《海洋科学》2004,28(1):15-19

采用硫酸铵分级盐析、DEAE阴离子交换层析、Sephacryl S—300凝胶层析技术分离纯化鲨鱼肝铁蛋白(Liver ferritin of Sphyma zygaena,SZLF)和虹鱼肝铁蛋白(Liver ferritin of Dasyatis akajei,DALF)。电子显微镜技术揭示了SZLF和DALF的分子结构,阐明了两者蛋白均由蛋白壳和铁核组成。柱层析和电泳技术拓展了电泳纯的SZLF和DALF制备方法,并可用于制备其他高纯度的铁蛋白。  相似文献   

Significance of selective crystal entrainment and differential crystal-melt separation in petrogenesis of granites from the Tongbai orogen     

Qiang-Qiang Zhang  Xiao-Ying Gao  Yong-Fei Zheng 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2023,41(1):143-179

Partial melting has been shown to be an important mechanism for intracrustal differentiation and granite petrogenesis. However, a series of compositional differences between granitic melt from experiments and natural granites indicate that the processes of crustal differentiation are complex. To shed light on factors that control the processes of crustal differentiation, and then the compositions of granitic magma, a combined study of petrology and geochemistry was carried out for granites (in the forms of granitic veins and parautochthonous granite) from a granulite terrane in the Tongbai orogen, China. These granites are characterized by high SiO₂ (>72 wt%) and low FeO and MgO (<4 wt%) with low Na₂O/K₂O ratios (<0.7). Minerals in these granites show variable microstructures and compositions. Phase equilibrium modelling using P–T pseudosections shows that neither anatectic melts nor fractionated melts match the compositions of the target granites, challenging the conventional paradigm that granites are the crystallized product of pure granitic melts. Based on the microstructural features of minerals in the granites, and a comparison of their compositions with crystallized minerals from anatectic melts and minerals in granulites, the minerals in these granitoids are considered to have three origins. The first is entrained garnets, which show comparable compositions with those in host granulites. The second is early crystallized mineral from melts, which include large plagioclase and K-feldspar (with high Ca contents) crystals as well as a part of biotite whose compositions can be reproduced by crystallization of the anatectic melts. The compositions of other minerals such as small grained plagioclase, K-feldspar and anorthoclase in the granites with low Ca contents are not well reconstructed, so they are considered as the third origin of crystallized products of fractionated melts. The results of mass balance calculation show that the compositions of these granites can be produced by mixing between different proportions of crystallized minerals and fractionated melts with variable amounts of entrained minerals. However, the calculated modal proportions of different crystallized minerals (plagioclase, K-feldspar, biotite and quartz) in the granites are significantly different from those predicted by melt crystallization modelling. Specifically, some rocks have lower modes of biotite and plagioclase, whereas others show lower K-feldspar modes than those produced by melt crystallization. This indicates that the crystallized minerals would be differentially separated from the primary magmas to form the evolved magmas that produce these granites. Therefore, the crystal entrainment and differential melt-crystal separation make important contributions to the composition of the target granites. Compared with leucogranites worldwide, the target granites show comparable compositions. As such, the leucogranites may form through the crystal fractionation of primary granitic magmas at different extents in addition to variable degrees of partial melting.  相似文献   

海洋环境中氟喹诺酮类抗生素(FQs)分析的样品前处理与检测技术          下载免费PDF全文

温丽联  宋金明  李学刚  马骏  戴佳佳  袁华茂  段丽琴  王启栋 《海洋科学》2023,47(9):103-118

氟喹诺酮类(FQs)药物是一种广泛使用的人工合成类抗生素,存在于水体、沉积物等各种环境介质中,并在水生生物体内得到富集,对人类健康和全球生态系统的可持续发展有重要的影响。环境中FQs残留的分析检测是了解其环境生物地球化学行为和潜在生态环境风险的基础,本文系统总结了近几年海洋水体、沉积物和生物体样品中FQs的残留特征、样品前处理与检测技术,在此基础上,前瞻分析了海洋环境中FQs残留分析检测技术的发展趋势。分析表明,FQs的分离富集和测定必须充分考虑FQs的物理化学性质和样品成分的复杂性。海水样品准备应注意过滤膜的选择和pH的调节;沉积物和生物体的样品准备应考虑水分、萃取溶剂、基质效应和pH的影响,并使用超声萃取。固相萃取、QuEChERS萃取、磁性固相萃取是分离富集FQs较常用的方法,吸附剂、淋洗溶液和洗脱溶液的选择和优化是提高样品回收率的关键。FQs的检测大多通过液质联用或液相色谱结合荧光检测器进行,其中色谱柱的选择、离子对试剂的添加和进样pH值的调整都是优化的关键因素。研究指出海洋领域FQs在线自动SPE技术的开发以及新型萃取吸附剂的研制应在未来研究中被重点关注。  相似文献   

拓扑分子格中ST_-1、ST₀及ST₁的分离性          下载免费PDF全文

冯玉英  周伟灿 《大气科学学报》2000,23(4):611-615

在拓扑分子格中进一步讨论了ST_-1的性质,引进了ST₀、ST₁分离性概念,并研究了其相应的性质。  相似文献