菲律宾地震灾害区域特征及防震对策     

Sara.  FR 杜建国 《地震科技情报》1998,(11):22-25

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冬季菲律宾周围对流活动与北太平洋风暴轴联系的数值模拟   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

胡增臻  黄荣辉 《大气科学》1998,22(1):46-56

通过利用IAP 2-L AGCM进行的数值模拟,进一步揭示了冬季菲律宾周围对流活动异常对北太平洋风暴轴变化的影响及其二者联系的物理机制和物理过程。结果表明:当菲律宾周围对流活动增强时,在500 hPa等压面图上强迫产生一个自赤道西太平洋开始,经我国东部、堪察加半岛、白令海,到美国西海岸的异常波列;位于西太平洋的经向三圈环流增强,位置北移;在风暴轴的西半部和东端斜压性增强;从而导致了北太平洋风暴轴增强、北抬、东伸。  相似文献   

中国人的自信从何而来     

芮成钢 《今日国土》2009,(2):40-41

某所大学请我去演讲,我问了大学生一个问题:作为中国人,你有自豪感吗?大家一致回答,有!我问:那到底是什么让你产生这种自豪感的呢?有人回答是长江、长城,也有回答是经济的高速发展、5000年的文明、文字,奥运、火箭升空……我紧接着又问:假如清晨醒来,你突然发现自己变成了一个菲律宾人,你还会为自己感到自豪吗?或者,你变成了一个卢旺达人,生活在非洲,经历过种族屠杀,经常处于饥饿状态,此时,你还能够  相似文献   

The meteorologically abnormal year of 2006 and natural disasters in the Philippines     

Graciano P. Yumul Jr. Nathaniel A. Cruz Nathaniel T. Servando Carla B. Dimalanta 《《幕》》2008,31(4):378-383

In the early part of 2006 the Philippines was hit by a La Nina event which brought floods, flashfloods and landslides. The most significant event was the February 2006 landslide that covered the whole community of Guinsaugon, in Southern Leyte, resulting in 154 deaths with 973 people still missing. Another rare event was the simultaneous presence of two tropical cyclones inside the Philippine Area of Responsibility （PAR） in August-- Tropical Depression Bopha and Tropical Storm Saomai--that enhanced the southwest monsoon. With the strong winds and high waves associated with the southwest mon- soon, an oil tanker, the M/T Solar 1, sank, resulting in the worst oil spill the country has ever suffered. Lastly, with a weak El Nino phenomenon forming in the Pacific Ocean and affecting the Philippines, a destructive typhoon, Xangsane, made a multi-landfall before hitting Metropolitan Manila. This was followed by the landfall of three superty- phoons--Cimaron, Chebi and Durian--during the last quarter of the year, bringing tremendous destruction of life and property. The occurrence of these weather events are attributed to climate variability the effects of which were exacerbated by a range of factors that include inappropriate land use.  相似文献   

Accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals in clams （Ruditapes philippinarum） in Jiaozhou Bay, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

马海青  宋茜  王旭晨 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):887-897

Accumulation and distributions of aliphatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals were measured in tissues of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum collected from 5 sites in Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China. The concentrations of total aliphatic hydrocarbon and PAHs ranged from 570 to 2 574 ng/gdw (gram dry weight) and from 276 to 939 ng/gdw, in the most and least polluted sites, respectively. The bio-accumulation of hydrocarbons and PAHs in the clams appeared to be selective. Aliphatic hydrocarbons were predominantly represented by short chain (<nC₂₃) n-alkanes, suggesting that petroleum hydrocarbons were likely the major contamination source. The selective uptake of 3 and 4 ring PAHs, such as naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, by the clams was probably related to the physiological and bio-kinetic processes that were energetically favorable for uptake of compounds with fewer rings. Accumulation of the metals Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Hg, and As in the clam tissues also showed high variability, ranging from 0.043 to 87 μg/gdw. Among the 7 detected metals, Zn, Cd, Cu, and As had a particularly high potential of accumulation in R. philippinarum. In general, a positive correlation was found between the tissue concentrations and sediment concentrations of hydrocarbons and of some metals. Our study suggests that moderate contamination with polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and low to moderate contamination with metals, currently exists for clam R. philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay, in comparison with other regional studies. A long-term monitoring program is certainly needed for assessment of the potential ecological influence and toxicity of these contaminants of R. philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay.  相似文献   

缀锦蛤亚科(Tapetinae)贝类线粒体DNA序列的系统学分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

潘鹤婷  袁媛  吴琪  张素萍  潘宝平 《海洋与湖沼》2008,39(3):284-290

采用线粒体16S rRNA和COI序列扩增和测序方法,对隶属于缀锦蛤亚科5属7种动物进行了系统学分析.经Clustal x多重比对和PAuP 4.10 软件分析,得到种间序列的遗传距离并构建了邻接(NJ)系统树.实验数据显示,缀锦蛤亚科为遗传连续的同源类群,其中的浅蛤属(Gomphina)、缀锦蛤属(Tapes)和蛤仔属(Ruditapes)亲缘关系较近,结果与Fischer-Piette等(1971)的缀锦蛤亚科的分类方案基本一致.另外,菲律宾蛤仔R.philippinarum 和杂色蛤仔 R.variegata是蛤仔属在印度洋和太平洋海区的一个组群,尽管两种贝类有明显的重叠分布区和相近的贝壳形态,但二者间的16S rRNA 和COI序列遗传距离均达到了物种间差别.结果支持庄启谦(2001)有关菲律宾蛤仔与杂色蛤仔的形态分类及分布区划分的观点.  相似文献   

帘蛤科4种养殖蛤群体遗传多样性和种间关系的fAFLP分析          下载免费PDF全文

彭永兴  程汉良  夏德全  吴婷婷  孟学平  吉红九  董志国 《海洋科学》2008,32(1):45-51

利用荧光标记扩增片段长度多态性(fAFLP)技术对文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)、青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)、菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)和硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria)4种帘蛤科贝类的群体遗传多样性和种间关系进行了研究。选择EcoRⅠ/MseⅠ进行酶切,使用6个E 3/M 3引物组合进行扩增,共获得1 096个位点,多态位点比率95.1%,片段长度50~456 bp。其中,文蛤、青蛤、菲律宾蛤仔和硬壳蛤分别得到681,715,702和694个位点,相应的多态位点比率为76.8%,81.7%,83.0%和75.1%,得到17个种特异性位点,可作为4物种特征标记。分析了群体遗传相似系数和遗传多样性指数以及种间遗传相似系数。结果表明,硬壳蛤群体遗传相似系数最高(0.670 9),遗传多样性指数最低(0.236 0);菲律宾蛤仔群体遗传相似系数最低(0.592 5),遗传多样性指数最高(0.261 8);根据遗传相似系数采用UPGMA法构建了4物种32个体的聚类图,表明文蛤与菲律宾蛤仔遗传关系最近,青蛤与其他3物种遗传关系较远。  相似文献   

施氏獭蛤的生态观察     

蔡英亚  劳赞  陈东 《广东海洋大学学报》2005,25(1):39-42

施氏獭蛤(Lutraria sieboldii Reeve)属暖水性贝类，分布于热带-亚热带海区，在我国东海和南海都有。据在广西和海南沿海的调查，它生活在潮下带至水深78m的沙或沙泥底质中。营埋栖生活，深度达21cm。生活海区的水温为8～32℃，盐度11．50～33．00，pH值8．2～8．4，透明度4～7m。食物以底栖硅藻和有机碎屑为主。繁殖期在5～9月。其肉供食用，是较珍贵的食品，可以发展人工增养殖。  相似文献   

有效群体大小对蛤仔F₁生长和存活影响     

赵力强  梁健  闫喜武  霍忠明  杨凤 《海洋科学》2015,39(1):64-69

对不同有效群体大小(Ne=2、4、8、16、32、200)的蛤仔F1代生长和存活性状进行了比较。结果表明:浮游期,各试验组幼虫壳长均未表现出显著性差异(P0.05),实验组Ne=200的存活率低于其他各实验组,并随着日龄的增长,差异越来越显著;稚贝期,各实验组的壳长和存活率的变化规律和浮游期基本一致。对壳长变异情况分析表明,浮游期,随着群体有效含量的增大,子代开始出现小型个体和大型个体,壳长分布变异逐渐明显;稚贝期,各试验组组内壳长变异进一步加剧,除Ne=2试验组稚贝壳长介于400μm和600μm之间外,其他各试验组均出现明显的小型和大型个体,表现为有效群体越大,组内稚贝壳长变异越为明显。  相似文献   

不同盐度对施氏獭蛤浮游期幼虫存活与生长的影响     

刘超  彭张明  黄佳  刘志刚 《海洋科学》2015,39(12):65-69

为提高施氏獭蛤(Lutraria sieboldii)育苗成活率,作者采用单因子实验设计,研究了不同海水盐度对北部湾海域施氏獭蛤浮游期幼虫存活与生长的影响。结果表明,施氏獭蛤浮游期幼虫的临界存活盐度为22.84~33.12、适宜存活盐度为24.54~31.54、较适宜存活盐度为25.83~30.17、最适宜存活盐度为26.8~29.4;临界生长盐度为~35.67、适宜生长盐度为22.51~31.66、较适宜生长盐度为27.51~31.37、最适宜生长盐度为29.4;综合盐度对存活率和生长率的影响,施氏獭蛤浮游期幼虫最佳的培育盐度为29.4。研究结果为施氏獭蛤育苗场的选址及人工育苗提供了参考。  相似文献