海水中叶绿素α含量的连续走航测定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王荣  鲁北伟  余家栋 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(3):296-301

介绍一种适用于各种船只有海水叶绿素含量连续走航自动测定系统，它包括海水取样，荧光测量，数据采集和数据处理单元，这一系统已用于１９９４年在东海的两个航次的考察。数据采取的间隔可根据研究项目的需要确定，在东海的考察中，确定的间隔为ｌｓ，实际是每０．１ｓ取一个数据，记录每秒间隔内的平均值，共获得６０万个观测值，得出的平面分布与传统的站位上采水样观测结果的总趋势一致，但走航观测的结果更详细，包括从几十米至  相似文献   

东、黄海沉积物中叶绿素的分析     

李肖娜  刘素美  吕瑞华  张经  邹立 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(4):603-610

研究了 2 0 0 0年 1 0月和 2 0 0 1年 5月东、黄海航次所采集的沉积物中叶绿素 a及其降解产物脱镁叶绿酸的含量与分布 ,比较了沉积物样品在不同氧化还原条件下培养后的叶绿素 a含量的变化。结果表明 ,整个东、黄海表层沉积物中叶绿素 a的含量是以长江口附近的 E4站含量最高 ,1 0月份为 2 .4 8μg/ g,5月份为 3.0 1μg/ g;对各站位 ,随深度增加叶绿素 a和脱镁叶绿酸的含量呈递减趋势 ,到一定深度含量不再变化 ;个别站位叶绿素 a和脱镁叶绿酸的含量在随深度增加而降低的过程中产生了小的突跃 ,可能是由于生物扰动和环境变化引起的 ;脱镁叶绿酸作为叶绿素 a的主要降解产物随深度增加成为叶绿素存在的主要形式 ;充空气和氮气培养均能增加表层沉积物中叶绿素 a的含量 ;比较了 2 0 0 0年 1 0月份沉积物中叶绿素 a与上层水柱中叶绿素 a的相对含量 ,就 5个站位的平均值而言 ,沉积物中的叶绿素占上层水柱中叶绿素的 36 .9% ,而长江口附近的 E4站沉积物中叶绿素的相对含量为 1 1 1 .1 % ,说明这部分含量是不容忽略的  相似文献   

1998年8月台湾海峡表层叶绿素a含量的分布特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张钒  黄邦钦  陈照章  林学举  张彩云 《海洋科学》2001,25(10):1-4

根据1998年8月台湾海峡表层温度、盐度、叶绿素a的走航式观测结果 ,讨论了调查期间叶绿素a的分布特征。结果表明 ,夏季台湾海峡存在明显的上升流现象 ,表层较高的叶绿素a含量均位于低水温区。表层叶绿素a最大值出现在上升流区的边缘。作者认为这是上升流中心区与边缘区浮游植物的大量繁殖具有一定的“时间差”的缘故。台湾海峡24°N以南及以北海域 ,由于上升流强度的差异 ,表层叶绿素a的分布变化也明显不同。夏季 ,台湾海峡表层叶绿素a含量呈南高北低的趋势。  相似文献   

海洋次表层叶绿素最大值的特征因子及其影响因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宫响  史洁  高会旺 《地球科学进展》2012,27(5):539-548

在多数情况下,海水中叶绿素垂直分布是不均匀的。次表层叶绿素最大值是其中较为常见的一种形式,普遍存在于大洋及沿岸海域。次表层叶绿素最大值层(SCML)的深度、厚度与强度是表征海洋次表层叶绿素最大值(SCM)现象的主要特征因子,受海洋水文环境、营养盐分布以及浮游植物种类等因素共同影响,在不同季节不同海区的分布有较大差异。总体上,相对近海,大洋中SCML特征因子的季节变化较小,SCML深度较大,厚度较大,强度较小。寡营养盐海区SCML深度及强度的影响因素研究已有较明确结论,SCML深度主要受物理因素(光照条件及水体混合程度)影响,而强度则受物理、生物因素(光照条件、水体混合程度或浮游动物摄食等)共同影响。近海富营养盐海区,SCML特征因子的影响因素研究较为薄弱。长时间序列、高分辨率观测站在相应海区的建立,对推进海洋SCM,尤其是近海SCM的研究有重要意义。卫星观测、现场观测和数学模型相结合,定量研究SCML特征因子与各物理、生物、化学因子的普适性关系,是进一步研究SCML特征因子的重要方向之一。  相似文献   

化学融雪剂对小球藻生长和生理特性的影响          下载免费PDF全文

胡水  李法云  范志平  程志辉  高群  张营 《气象与环境学报》2013,29(3):102-106

寒冷地区道路表面除雪化冰使用的化学融雪剂随着地表径流进入水体,将影响水生态系统中的水生生物正常生长,并破坏水生态系统平衡。为研究化学融雪剂对水生生物的毒性效应,分析了不同浓度有机融雪剂对小球藻生长特征、藻细胞光和色素、蛋白质及多糖含量的影响。结果表明：浓度为2 g·L^-1时有机融雪剂对小球藻生长无明显影响,当融雪剂浓度为4 g·L^-1时,小球藻细胞生长表现出明显抑制效应,且抑制效应随融雪剂浓度增加呈显著上升趋势(P<0.01);当融雪剂浓度小于4 g·L^-1时,有机融雪剂对小球藻细胞内叶绿素a合成有明显促进作用,但随着有机融雪剂处理浓度升高,藻细胞内叶绿素a含量逐渐下降。当融雪剂的处理浓度大于4 g·L^-1的时候,藻细胞内蛋白质和多糖含量与对照组相比呈显著下降趋势(P<0.01)。这说明融雪剂浓度高于4 g·L^-1时会抑制水体中小球藻正常生长繁殖,破坏藻体细胞,最终导致水生态系统平衡被破坏。  相似文献   

硅限制对三角褐指藻叶绿素a、叶黄素含量和脂肪酸组成的影响     

陈百灵  潘瑾  朱葆华  马晓磊  杨官品  潘克厚 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,41(12):36-39

为研究硅限制对三角褐指藻脂肪酸组成的影响,用不含硅的f/2人工海水培养基对处于生长指数末期的三角褐指藻进行了0、6、12、24、48h的硅限制并测定了其叶绿素a、叶黄素含量和脂肪酸组成。结果表明,硅限制对三角褐指藻叶绿素a和叶黄素含量无影响,对脂肪酸组成影响显著。硅限制显著增加了C14∶0、C16∶0、C16∶1、C16∶2、C20∶5(EPA)百分含量,但各脂肪酸响应硅限制的时间不同。C14∶0在硅限制24、48h显著增加,分别是对照组的1.33倍、1.41倍。C16∶0在硅限制6、48h显著增加,分别是对照组的1.12倍、1.19倍;C16∶1在硅限制48h显著增加,是对照组的1.16倍;C16∶2在硅限制24h显著高于对照组,是对照组的1.27倍;EPA在硅限制24h百分含量达到最大值21.86%,分别是0h和对照组的1.11倍、1.18倍。研究结果表明,一定时间的硅限制能显著提高三角褐指藻EPA百分含量,以期为工业化生产EPA提供理论参考。  相似文献   

胶州湾叶绿素a及初级生产力的长期变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙晓霞  孙松  张永山  张芳 《海洋与湖沼》2011,42(5):654-661

采用野外观测与历史数据相结合的方法,系统分析了1984—2008年胶州湾叶绿素a及初级生产力分布格局、季节特征的变化以及长期变化规律。结果表明,近20年来胶州湾叶绿素a的空间分布格局没有发生大的变化,但季节规律发生了很大变化。冬季和夏季叶绿素a浓度升高,春季和秋季叶绿素a浓度下降,使得其双周期型的季节变化特点更为显著。...  相似文献   

Equilibrium Uptake and Bioaccumulation of Basic Violet 14 Using Submerged Macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata     

Gopalakrishnan Saranya  Panneerselvam Saravanan  Mahendradas Dharmendira Kumar  Sahadevan Renganathan 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(3):283-288

The percentage removal and uptake capacity of Basic Violet 14 using Hydrilla verticillata with living biomass was studied under batch conditions. The survival of H. verticillata was studied using the chlorophyll content in the living biomass. Bioaccumulation of Basic Violet 14 using H. verticillata was tested by varying the wet sorbent dosage (0.5–2.5 g), initial pH (3–8), and initial dye concentrations (5–25 mg L^?1). The results show that the plant was effectively accumulating the Basic Violet 14 dye. The uptake capacity of Basic Violet 14 dye was observed as 5.9 and 21.3 mg g^?1 at the initial dye concentration of 5 and 25 mg L^?1, respectively, for a biomass of 5 g L^?1 (wet weight) at pH 7.0 for 144 h. In general, the plant growth was found to be normal at lower concentrations and showed higher removal efficiency. It was also observed that removal efficiency of H. verticillata was found to decrease with increase in initial dye concentration. The biomass sample surface was analyzed using SEM imaging and functional groups present in the biomass were analyzed using FTIR. The equilibrium uptake capacity was analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The equilibrium data was found to be fit well to both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models with higher coefficient of determination.  相似文献   

Bacterioplankton dynamics along the gradient from highly eutrophic Pearl River Estuary to oligotrophic northern South China Sea in wet season: implication for anthropogenic inputs   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhou W  Long A  Jiang T  Chen S  Huang L  Huang H  Cai C  Yan Y 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(4):726-733

Bacterioplankton abundance (BA) and biomass (BB) from the eutrophic Pearl River Estuary (PRE) to the oligotrophic northern South China Sea (NSCS) were studied in the wet season. BA was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in PRE (12.51 ± 3.52 × 10⁸ cells L⁻¹), than in the continental shelf neritic province (CSNP, 4.95 ± 2.21 × 10⁸ cells L⁻¹) and in the deep oceanic province (OP, 3.16 ± 1.56 × 10⁸ cells L⁻¹). Nutrient-replete PRE waters (DIN > 100 μM and PO₄ > 1 μM) resulted in high chl a and BB, whereas nutrient-depleted offshore waters (DIN <5 μM and PO₄ < 0.5 μM) had low biomass. Temperature (>26 °C) was not the controlling factor of BA. BB was significantly correlated with chl a biomass both in PRE and NSCS. The bacteria to phytoplankton biomass (BB/PB) ratio increased clearly along the gradient from near-shore PRE (0.15) to offshore CSNP (0.93) and deep OP (2.75), indicating the important role of small cells in the open ocean compared to estuarine and coastal zones.  相似文献   

Using multi-date high spectral resolution data to assess the physiological status of macroscopically undamaged foliage on a regional scale     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2014

Forests play an important role in regulation of the global climate; moreover, they provide human beings with a whole range of ecosystem services. Forest health and ecosystem functioning have been influenced by anthropogenic activities and their consequences, such as air pollution, surface mining, heavy metal contamination, and other biotic and abiotic stress factors, which had an especially serious effect on central Europe. Many aspects of the physiological state of trees are more or less related to the concentrations of two main groups of leaf photosynthetic pigments: chlorophylls and carotenoids. Therefore, their contents can be used as non-specific indicators of the actual tree physiological status, stress and the pre-visible tree damage. Variations in leaf biochemical composition affect foliar optical properties and can be assessed remotely using high spectral resolution data (hyperspectral data). These data were successfully used in earlier studies to detect vegetation stress and damage. However, only a few approaches have dealt with the use of hyperspectral remote sensing to assess vegetation physiological status on a regional scale. Moreover, little or no research has been done on assessing vegetation health while utilizing multi-date hyperspectral images.In this study, the method for assessing forest health conditions using optical indices retrieved from hyperspectral data was applied to the two temporal HyMap date sets acquired in 07/2009 and 08/2010 to detect stress for the Norway spruce forests in Sokolov, NW Bohemia, a region affected by long-term extensive mining. The classification results were validated by ground truth data (total chlorophyll – Cab, carotenoids – Car and carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio – Car/Cab) and were associated with the geochemical conditions of the forest stands. Both biochemical analysis of the sampled foliage and classification of 2009 and 2010 hyperspectral image identified the same sites affected by vegetation stress. In addition to higher Car/Cab, which enabled detection of the stressed trees using hyperspectral image data, these sites showed critically low pH and lower values for the macronutrient parameters in both organic horizons and, in addition, both sites exhibit critically low base cation to aluminum ratios (Bc/Al) for lower organic and top mineral (0–20 cm) soil horizons.The results of this study demonstrate (i) the potential application of hyperspectral remote sensing as a rapid method of identifying tree stress prior to symptom expression, and (ii) the added value of multi-temporal approaches for hyperspectral data and its further potential for monitoring forest ecosystems.  相似文献