一株引起清溪乌鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis nigrum)“摇头病”致病菌的分离鉴定与药敏分析     

李延利  张海琪  吕孙建  林锋  刘莉  袁雪梅  苏胜齐 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(2):405-414

从患"摇头病"清溪乌鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis nigrum)的肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、肺组织中分离得到1株细菌。菌落为圆形乳白色凸起,融蜡状,表面光滑,边缘清晰整齐;对该菌进行染色镜检可见其为革兰氏阳性杆菌,呈单个或链状排列。结合生理生化检测结果、16S rDNA基因和gyrB基因和rpoB基因序列分析以及系统进化树结果,该菌株为蜡样芽孢杆菌群(Bacillus cereus group)内新种。用不同浓度的分离菌腹腔注射感染健康的清溪乌鳖,观察发现死亡的清溪乌鳖出现与自然发病鳖相似的症状且从病鳖内脏中可分离得到同样的菌;经统计和计算,其LD_(50)为2.42×10~5 CFU/kg体重。应用纸片扩散法对14种常用抗菌药物进行药敏试验,结果显示,分离菌对头孢氨苄、氟苯尼考、强力霉素、恩诺沙星、氧氟沙星五种药物敏感;对利福平、头孢他啶则耐药。本研究为清溪乌鳖细菌性病原的报道,旨在为该病的确诊与防治提供科学依据和参考。  相似文献   

鳀鱼蛋白酶水解物的营养评价   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘洋  王长云  薛长湖  楼伟凤  陈修白 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,(1)

对鱼蛋白酶水解物EAPH进行评价。EAPH蛋白质含量88．26％，氨基酸比例会理，必需氨基酸占总氨基酸43．61％，并含丰富的水溶性维生素和微量元素。EAPH对动物的生长效果、饲料效率（FE）、蛋白质效率（PER）、净蛋白质效率（NPR）均与对照乳粉蛋白相近；表征其消化吸收利用率的其消化率（TD）、生物价（BV）、蛋白质净利用率（NPU）均略高于对照乳粉蛋白；小麦粉蛋白经EAPH强化后，其蛋白质消化吸收利用率大幅度提高。EAPH为优良蛋白制品。  相似文献   

vasa基因编码蛋白的结构特征和应用展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周倩如  邵明瑜  张志峰 《海洋湖沼通报》2007,(4):129-134

vasa基因编码的蛋白是DEAD-box家族的一种RNA解旋酶,该基因最先在果蝇中发现,其同源基因在许多动物中都已经克隆得到,vasa基因在生殖细胞系中特异性表达,研究显示其在配子发生和胚胎发育过程中发挥重要作用。本文重点介绍其编码蛋白的结构特征和应用展望。  相似文献   

胜利原油和Corexit 9527分散剂对海洋围隔实验生态系中浮游动物的影响     

陈孝麟  C.M.拉里 《台湾海峡》1992,(4)

本文分析了Corexit 9527分散剂和中国胜利原油对海洋实验生态系中浮游动物群落的影响,得出的主要结论是:1.单独的Corexit 9527对草食性桡足类的生长发育稍有抑制作用,但种群可得恢复和发展,对肉食性桡足类及其他各类浮游动物没有影响;2.Corexit 9527和原油的混合物对所有类别浮游动物均有极大的抑制作用,它导致种群的迅速缩小且无法得以恢复。  相似文献   

羟基对微生物细胞的核酸、蛋白质、葡萄糖作用研究     

张芝涛  白希尧  沈欣军  胡又平 《海洋技术学报》2003,22(4):22-26

羟基自由基对细胞的三大基本分子核酸、蛋白质、葡萄糖有着强烈破坏作用。压载水中羟基的比值浓度达到0．63mg／L时，含有微生物液体中的总蛋白质含量从1．49g／100mL降到0．993g／100mL，减少了33．4％；核酸中RNA、DNA的含量分别从2．43μg／mg、0．96μg／mg分别减少到1．29μg／mg、0．19μg／mg，分别减少46．9％、80．2％；葡萄糖含量从0．246mg／100mL增加到0．492mg／100mL，增加了1倍。试验数据表明，羟基自由基氧化、分解、破坏了微生物细胞三大基本分子核酸、蛋白质、葡萄糖，这是微生物致死的主要生化原因之一。  相似文献   

Effects of food concentration and diet on chromophoric dissolved organic matter accumulation and fluorescent composition during grazing experiments with the copepod Calanus finmarchicus     

Urban-Rich  Juanita; McCarty  James T; Shailer  Mark 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2004,61(4):542-551

  相似文献   

饲料中维生素B₆对皱纹盘鲍幼鲍蛋白质代谢的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

冯秀妮  张文兵  麦康森  付京花  艾庆辉  徐玮  刘付志国  马洪明  谭北平 《海洋科学》2006,30(10):52-60

以皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannaiIno)幼鲍为研究对象,探讨维生素B6对其蛋白质代谢的影响。设计了3种维生素B6不同含量(0,40,4 000 mg/kg)的半精制饲料,在循环水养殖系统中养殖幼鲍240 d。结果表明,皱纹盘鲍内脏团和肌肉中磷酸吡哆醛(PLP)的含量随饲料中维生素B6的添加而显著升高(P<0.05)。饲料中不同维生素B6水平对肌肉组织中蛋白含量没有显著影响(P>0.05),而显著升高内脏团中蛋白质的含量(P<0.05)。内脏团和肌肉中的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活力随着饲料中维生素B6添加量的升高而显著增强,分别在维生素B6的添加量为4 000 mg/kg时取得最大值(P<0.05)。内脏团中所检测的各种氨基酸的含量与饲料中维生素B6添加量没有显著影响(P>0.05)。然而,肌肉中的天冬氨酸(Asp)、苏氨酸(Thr)、丝氨酸(Ser)、牛磺酸(Tau)的含量随着饲料中维生素B6添加量的升高而显著增加,并且分别在维生素B6添加量为4 000 mg/kg时取得最大值(P<0.05)。肌肉中甘氨酸(Gly)、丙氨酸(Ala)、缬氨酸(Val)、蛋氨酸(Met)的含量在两个维生素B6添加组(40 mg/kg和4 000 mg/kg)之间没有显著差异(P>0.05),但均显著高于维生素B6缺乏组(0 mg/kg)的值(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

中国对虾血淋巴蛋白质、葡萄糖含量的研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

罗日祥 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(5):476-480

于１９９２－１９９３年５月和１０月，在胶州湾捕捞中国对虾亲虾，９月在莱州和胶南采集的人工养殖中国对虾，采用双缩脲法测定其血淋巴中的血清总蛋白含量，用０－ＴＢ法测定血清葡萄糖含量，并研究注射灭菌海水、海洋弧菌后，对中国对虾血清总蛋白含量和血清葡萄糖含量的影响规律。  相似文献   

Variations of backscatter strength along the super slow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge between 57°E and 70°E     

Daniel Sauter  Vronique Mendel 《Marine Geology》1997,140(3-4):237-248

Simrad EM12 backscatter strength data of the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR), between 57°E and 70°E, are used to reveal the along-axis segmentation of this super slow-spreading ridge. The backscatter properties of different geologic domains, like bathymetric highs and oblique basins within the rift valley, are characterized using 66 small test sites. We show that backscatter strength is higher on bathymetric swells, corresponding to segment centres, and lower in deep oblique basins corresponding to axial non-transform discontinuities and fracture zones. This contrast between segment centres and discontinuities is produced by both a thicker sediment cover and less frequent volcanic eruptions at segment ends. Using the model of Mitchell (1993), sediments have been estimated to be 2 to 5 m thicker in these areas than at segment centres. The distribution of the seamounts within the rift valley is controlling the long-wavelength variations of the mean backscatter strength calculated along the axis. Lower densities of seamounts and thicker sediments are producing lower and heterogeneous reflectivity levels in the deepest part of the axial valley floor between 61°45′E and 63°45′E. We propose that cooler mantle temperatures inducing construction of fewer volcanoes occur beneath this part of the ridge. The mean backscatter strength along the SWIR axis decreases dramatically toward the Rodrigues Triple Junction suggesting that volcanic production is reduced between 68°20′E and 69°20′E and that the transition from amagmatic tectonic deformation at the triple junction to new seafloor spreading occurs between 69°20′E and 70°E.  相似文献   

Sediment trapping and bypassing characteristics of a stable tidal inlet at Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

James T. Liu  Li-hua Hou 《Marine Geology》1997,140(3-4):367-390

Around the artificially stabilized tidal inlet that connects Kaohsiung Harbor to Taiwan Straight, 203 surficial samples of the sea floor were taken from the nearshore, in the outer harbor, and portions of the inner harbor. The bathymetry of the same area was also surveyed. The sand fraction in each sample was analyzed for the grain-size composition with a custom-built rapid sediment analyzer. A total of twenty-one size-classes were used in the analysis. Three hypothetical sediment sources were assumed to have influenced the spatial grain-size patterns in the study area: the northward and southward littoral drifts, and the sediments exported from the harbor. After reducing the influence of each hypothetical sediment source separately, the data were analyzed using empirical orthogonal (eigen) function (EOF) analysis. The results indicate that the northward long-term littoral drift is the dominant direction of sediment transport in the nearshore of the study area. A conceptual model for four different sediment trapping and bypassing patterns are proposed. (1) Excess bypass (or net outflux): this bypass pattern is characterized by the export of fine-grained sediments (mud and size classes in the very fine sand fraction) from the interior of the harbor. (2) Partial bypass (or partial trapping): this bypass pattern is represented by the size-classes in fine sand fraction. The amount of these grain sizes entering the outer harbor through the inlet is more than the amount exiting at the inlet mouth, resulting in the retention of a portion of these grain sizes. (3) Total bypass (or zero trapping): grain sizes that exhibit this bypass pattern do not come near the mouth of the inlet. These grain sizes include medium and coarse sand fractions. (4) Lag deposits: this group includes the size classes in the very coarse sand fraction, which are largely concentrated in the scour pit immediately seaward of the inlet mouth. In general, surficial sediment grain-size patterns represent a time-averaged response of the substrate to the transport processes over the time scale of at least two seasons. The differential associations of grain-size groups with various topographic features in the study area suggest morpho-textural relationships exist between the sea floor topography and grain size distribution patterns.  相似文献