柴达木盆地原油碳同位素组成的主控因素与成因类型   总被引：9，自引：5，他引：9  

段毅  彭德华  张晓宝  周世新  王智平  张辉 《沉积学报》2003,21(2):355-359

对采集于柴达木盆地16个油田的40个原油进行了碳同位素测定,研究了它们碳同位素组成特征、主控因素及其成因类型。结果表明,柴达木盆地西部地区和北部地区原油碳同位素组成具有显著的差别,西部地区原油富集13C,北部地区原油富集12C。研究发现,成油环境(如盐度和湿度)是决定西部盐湖相原油碳同位素组成及其变化的主要因素,母源性质则控制了北部淡水湖沼相原油的碳同位素组成和变化。根据原油的碳同位素组成和Ph/nC₁₈比值特征,将柴达木盆地原油划分为五种成因类型。  相似文献   

Identification of the genetic heterogeneity of Tatarstan oils based on the composition of alkyl-substituted aromatic compounds     

M.B. Smirnov  N.P. Fadeeva  E.N. Poludetkina 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(9):1137-1148

This study presents data on concentrations of n-alkylbenzenes, n-alkylnaphthalenes, phytanylnaphthalene, and methylphytanylnaphthalene in representative crude oils of Tatarstan. The results of the study reveal the elevated concentrations of C₁₉, C₂₁, and C₂₃ homologues of n-alkylbenzenes and n-alkylnaphthalenes, which can be considered as biomarkers. The proposed procedure for comprehensive quantification of this group of biomarkers can be used as an efficient tool to study oils from the major petroleum basins of Russia. Based on the results of the study, four genetic groups of oils in Tatarstan have been distinguished: (1) oils from the north and northwest (Bir saddle, Lower Kama system of linear faults, and Saraily saddle), (2) oils from Devonian terrigenous reservoirs within the South Tatar arch and Melekes depression, (3) oils from Carboniferous reservoirs, and (4) oils from Devonian carbonate reservoirs. All these oils belong to the same genetic macrotype. Based on the results of this study, the sedimentary sections of the Melekes depression cannot be regarded as potential source rocks. It is assumed that oil has migrated to the northern part of the region from the north or east. Some of the possible migration routes for oils from the remaining part of Tatarstan are from the southeast and/or south.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地海相油藏具有高热稳定性的地球化学条件探讨     

廖泽文  杨珊  张海祖  刘虎  程斌  田彦宽 《地球化学》2015,(2):189-195

塔里木盆地在埋深超过8000 m、油藏经历200℃以上高温改造仍然发现液态烃类流体稳定存在,目前勘探工作正在面向深层-超深层拓展,塔里木盆地海相原油具有的高热稳定性来自其较好的保存条件。本文总结了近年来塔里木盆地海相油藏研究进展,结合宏观地质背景演化,主要从微观过程入手探讨塔里木盆地海相油藏热稳定性的地球化学特征。认为宏观上塔里木盆地目前的低地温梯度有利于油藏的稳定保存;而油藏储层中普遍缺乏氧化性矿物,石膏类等含硫矿物也贫乏,使得油藏储层中的烃-水-岩相互作用(包括热化学硫酸盐还原反应)发生的程度有限;同时,塔里木盆地海相油藏中地层水广泛发育、分布复杂,这对油藏中的液态烃类,特别是大分子烃类的热裂解具有抑制作用,从而有利于油藏的稳定保存。有必要进一步开展针对塔里木盆地海相原油热稳定性的微观地球化学特征探讨,特别是烃-水-岩相互作用中有利于原油烃类流体稳定保存的物理化学机理分析,研究成果将有助于深化塔里木盆地深层-超深层油气藏的勘探研究工作。  相似文献   

Pyrolysis of spill oils adsorbed on zeolites with product oils recycling     

Tsai CK  Liao CY  Wang HP  Chien YC  Jou CJ 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):895-898

Experimentally, a feasibility study for adsorption and catalytic pyrolysis of spill oils on Cu/ZSM-5 for recycling of light oils has been conducted in the present work. The adsorption and pyrolysis of model compounds such as heptane, toluene, and diesel (to stimulate the spill oils) on Cu/ZSM-5 have been investigated on a continuous fixed-bed reactor. By component fitted X-ray absorption near edge structural (XANES) spectroscopy, catalytic active species such as metallic copper (Cu) (77-84%) and Cu(2)O (6-7%) are found in the channels of ZSM-5 during pyrolysis of heptane or toluene. Pyrolysis of diesel effected by Cu/ZSM-5 yields gas (C(1)-C(5)) (32%) and light oil (68%) that can be used as auxiliary fuels.  相似文献   

Oil droplet interaction with suspended sediment in the seawater column: Influence of physical parameters and chemical dispersants     

《Marine pollution bulletin》2014,78(1-2):146-152

The interaction of dispersed oil droplets with large diameter suspended particulate materials (SPM) has been little studied. In the current study, particle size, oil characteristics and chemical dispersant significantly influence the adsorption of oil droplets to SPM in seawater. Sediments with a smaller particulate size (clay) approaching that of the oil droplets (2–20 μm) adsorbed more oil per gram than sediments with large particle size (sand). Heavier, more polar oils with a high asphaltene content adsorbed more efficiently to SPM than lighter, less polar oils. A decrease in the smaller, more water soluble oil components in the sediment adsorbed oil was observed for all oil types. Addition of chemical dispersant decreased the adsorption of oil droplets to suspended carbonate sand in an exponential-like manner. No change in the relative distribution of compounds adsorbed to the sediment was observed, indicating dispersants do not alter the dissolution of compounds from oil droplets.  相似文献   

日本鬼魀蜇伤与P物质和生长抑素的关系及其粗毒对免疫细胞活性影响     

张克凌  刘晓萍  杜卫  于业军  孙衍增  王海青  秦士德 《海洋与湖沼》2000,31(4)

1997年 6月在山东省日照市岚山头附近海域收集日本鬼 ,采用放射免疫学方法检测了注射毒腺粗提物大鼠局部肌肉组织、血浆、脊髓、延髓、中脑、下丘脑及免疫器官内P物质和生长抑素含量变化 ;用MTT法检测了毒腺粗提物在整体和离体条件下对免疫细胞活性的影响 ;用生化方法检测了毒腺组织中透明质酸酶活性。结果表明 ,与对照组大鼠相比 ,实验组大鼠局部肌肉及延髓、中脑、胸腺和脾脏中P物质含量增加 ,而下丘脑中P物质含量下降。生长抑素在中脑、延髓、脊髓、胸腺中显著增高。毒腺粗提物对胸腺细胞和脾细胞的活性具有显著的抑制作用。提示日本鬼蜇伤造成局部症状及其伴随的恶心、呕吐、心慌、胸闷等全身症状和继发感染可能与P物质和生长抑素含量变化有关。  相似文献   

冻融循环对多年冻土区石油迁移影响试验研究     

张鹏  李春城  李国玉  王学力  王飞 《冰川冻土》2016,38(5):1325-1331

多年冻土区石油污染物迁移过程和特点、污染定量评价、防治和治理措施研发,都是目前寒区经济发展和能源开发迫切需要解决的重要课题.通过室内试验对土体温度场分布、水分分布和石油总量分布的监测分析,研究了冻融循环作用对迁移过程的影响机制.试验结果表明,冻融循环作用通过影响石油污染物本身的物理性质、土颗粒对石油污染物的吸附作用和土体内水相的分布和相状态,影响了石油污染物的迁移过程.原油黏度随温度的降低逐渐增加,使得原油在土体中的迁移能力降低.冻融循环是油水迁移的主要驱动力之一,随着冻融循环的增加,石油污染物和水分向上迁移并聚集,石油随土样高度增加逐渐减小,而水分随高度增加而增加且在一定的位置聚集.研究成果可为多年冻土区石油污染迁移过程和定量评价及防治治理提供重要基础和参考.  相似文献   

Candidate biomarker discovery in plasma of juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to crude North Sea oil, alkyl phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)     

Anneli Bohne-Kjersem  Arnfinn Skadsheim  Anders Goksyr  Bjrn Einar Grsvik 《Marine environmental research》2009,68(5):268-277

In this study we have investigated protein changes in plasma of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) induced by crude North Sea oil and North Sea oil spiked with alkyl phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, a surrogate produced water composition. Using a proteomic approach, we identified 137 differentially expressed proteins at different levels of crude oil exposure. Many of the induced protein changes occurred at low levels of exposure. The results obtained with protein expression profiles after exposure to oil and surrogate produced water indicate effects on fibrinolysis and the complement cascade, the immune system, fertility-linked proteins, bone resorption, fatty acid metabolism as well as increased oxidative stress, impaired cell mobility and increased levels of proteins associated with apoptosis. Although the number of individuals and samples in this study is limited within each treatment group, the protein changes observed in this study represent a first screening for potential biomarker candidates in cod plasma reflecting potential effects of crude oil and produced water exposure on fish.  相似文献   

深海贝莱斯芽孢杆菌DH82的筛选、鉴定及其抗菌粗蛋白性质分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王青华  孙晓晖  唐旭  万婧倞  徐长安 《海洋通报》2019,38(1):63-69

本研究从西太平洋雅浦海沟 6 000 m 深的水样中分离得到 106 株深海细菌,其中筛选到一株能较强拮抗迟缓爱德华氏菌等水产致病菌的 DH82 菌株。采用 16S rDNA 和 gyrB 基因 （NCBI 登录号：MK203035 与 MK203036） 分子生物学分析, 结合形态学和生理生化特性,鉴定 DH82 菌株为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌 Bacillus velezensis。对其抗菌粗蛋白性质进行研究发现：该粗蛋白具有较好热稳定性,在 100 益,处理 30 min 后,仍有 85.5 %抑菌活性;木瓜蛋白酶、蛋白酶 K、胃蛋白酶及胰蛋白酶对粗蛋白影响不显著;粗蛋白在 pH7.0 条件下抑菌活性最佳;金属离子 K+和 Na+对粗蛋白抑菌活性有促进作用,Mg2+、Ca2+及 Fe3+等多价金属离子对粗蛋白抑菌活性有抑制作用。  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷原油芳烃化合物组成和分布特征          下载免费PDF全文

李振广  冯子辉  霍秋立 《地质科学》2009,44(2):645-656

通过色谱-质谱分析,对海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷35个原油样品进行聚类分析,将之分成4类.Ⅰ类原油是贝尔凹陷原油主体,占分析样品的77%,特点足菲系列含量高,平均值为64.7%,三芳甾类化合物和三芴类化合物含量次之,分别为11.42%和11.81%.Ⅱ类原油为高三芳甾类原油,三芳甾类化合物占芳烃化合物的53.9%,是该类原油的主要成份,非系列化合物含量较低,为32.5%,萘系列含量和三芴化合物含量最低,分别为0.6%和3.54%.Ⅲ类原油为高菲系列和高萤蒽含量原油,菲系列为64%,萤蒽含量高达11%,是其它原油的16倍以上.Ⅳ类原油具有高萘、高三芴化合物和低菲系列化合物的特点,分别占原油芳烃馏分的30%、32%和26%,三芳甾类化合物含量低,占3.6%.这充分说明海拉尔箍地烃源岩沉积期间有不同的沉积环境,原油有不同的牛烃母质.Ⅱ类原油以藻类为主要生烃母质,Ⅲ类原油以高等植物为主,Ⅰ类原油介于Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类原油之间,为混合型生烃母质.Ⅳ原油沉积环境和前三类原油明显不同,为咸水强还原湖相沉积环境.  相似文献