我国制造业能源强度的影响因素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王一帆  王俊松  贺灿飞 《地理与地理信息科学》2011,27(6):50-54

基于2003-2007年28个制造业能源消费数据,发现制度因素、能源结构、企业规模显著影响我国制造业能源强度,产业的经济开放度和市场化水平越高、煤炭消费比重越低、企业规模越大越有利于降低产业的能源强度。研究还发现,这几类因素对高耗能产业和低耗能产业能源强度的影响存在差异,对于高耗能产业,应着重提高经济开放度,降低煤炭消费比重,提高地理集聚度;对于低耗能产业,应努力降低国有化比重,发展技术含量高的重点产业、提高企业规模。  相似文献   

银行业结构与经济增长——基于京津冀经济圈和长三角经济圈的比较研究     

陈建  刘云霞 《地域研究与开发》2011,30(4)

银行业结构与经济增长之间的关系是经济学界较为关注的问题,尤其是中国的银行业结构与快速发展的中国经济之间的微妙关系更为国内经济学家所关注。选取中国经济较为发达的京津冀经济圈和长三角经济圈作为研究样本,把银行业结构变量引入通常的经济增长模型,采用1987—2007年的面板数据对我国京津冀经济圈和长三角经济圈的银行业结构与经济增长的关系进行了对比分析。结果表明,与长三角经济圈相比,京津冀经济圈银行业集中度的降低将对经济增长更为有利,降低京津冀经济圈银行集中度将会给该地区的经济增长带来新的动力。最后,提出优化京津冀经济圈银行业结构的建议。  相似文献   

1990—2015年亚洲内部人口迁移格局及影响因素     

刘晔  王晓歌  管靖  古恒宇 《地理学报》2022,77(10):2409-2425

把握亚洲内部跨国/地区人口迁移规律,有助于新时期中国制定合理的国际移民政策,推动“一带一路”倡议迈向高质量发展。本文基于1990—2015年国际双边移民流量数据,运用社会网络分析和空间滤波面板负二项引力模型,阐明亚洲内部跨国/地区人口迁移的时空格局与驱动因素。研究发现：① 1990—2000年亚洲主要迁移流集中在西亚、南亚和东南亚各区域内部,且大多发生在邻国之间,2000—2015年出现多条横跨上述三大区域的大规模迁移流;② 人口迁移网络强度相对较低,联系紧密程度先升后降;③ 政治不稳定与战乱冲突是人口迁移的重要推动力,经济发展水平差异和国民收入差异是重要驱动力,多维邻近因素（经济邻近和文化邻近）也起到一定的推动作用;④ 25年间,经济差异的影响先增后减;政治不稳定一直是人口迁移的主要影响因素,且对人口迁出的影响更大;进出口贸易发展在部分时期积极促进人口流动,留学吸引力影响呈波动趋势;⑤ 非经济和结构性力量在亚洲内部跨国/地区人口迁移过程中起到决定性作用。  相似文献   

航空和高铁对中国城市创新能力的影响     

罗雪  毛炜圣  王帮娟  刘承良 《地理科学进展》2022,41(12):2203-2217

交通运输是创新网络中人才流、资本流等知识与技术流动的物理空间承载,其对城市的创新能力影响已成为经济地理学的交叉前沿热点。论文基于2007—2018年中国城市尺度数据,以航空和高铁运输为例,构建交通运输对城市创新能力影响效应的理论框架,采用双向固定效应面板回归模型,实证检验航空和高铁对城市创新能力的多重异质性机制,并探讨了知识传播、资本积累、产业升级在交通运输与创新能力之间的中介效应。研究发现：① 航空和高铁建设均对城市创新能力有显著正向影响,高铁对城市的创新溢出效应约为航空的3倍。② 航空和高铁对不同类型城市的创新溢出效应存在显著异质性。城市等级异质性方面,航空和高铁对中心城市创新能力的正向影响强度高于非中心城市。人口规模异质性方面,航空对大、中城市创新能力提升有显著正向影响,对小城市有抑制作用;高铁运输则对不同人口规模城市的创新能力均有正向影响,呈现大城市>中等城市>小城市的态势。区域异质性方面,航空和高铁对东、中、西、东北地区的创新能力均有不同程度的提升作用,表现出显著的“马太效应”,东部地区优势地位凸显。③ 航空和高铁均可通过促进技术转移、风险资本配置、外商资本配置间接促使城市创新能力提升。此外,航空还能够通过促进产业升级间接促使城市创新能力提升。  相似文献   

2003-2016年中国PM_2.5质量浓度时空格局演变及影响因素解析     

刘媛  张蕾  陈娱  陆玉麒  周媛媛  王峰 《地理科学》2023,43(1):152-162

以中国286个主要地级市为研究区域,基于2003—2016年中国地级市大气PM_2.5质量浓度栅格数据及各地级市社会经济数据,运用空间自相关和空间面板杜宾模型,揭示了中国地级市PM_2.5质量浓度的时空格局与影响因素。研究显示：(1)中国PM_2.5污染在时序演化上呈“M”型波动态势,在空间分布上以胡焕庸线为界呈现出“东高西低”的集聚型格局;(2)中国地级市PM_2.5污染在空间效应上呈现出显著的正相关性,表明区域间大气污染存在交互影响;(3)人口密度与非农产业从业人员占比对PM_2.5质量浓度升高的贡献最大,而液化石油气供气总量与第三产业占GDP的比重对PM_2.5有较为显著的负向消减作用。  相似文献   

Test,analysis, and design of ovally-perforated vertically-flexible steel plate shear wall (OVSPW)     

Shao-Dong Shen  Masahiro Kurata  Peng Pan  Zhi-Zhou He 《地震工程与结构动力学》2022,51(1):66-85

A new type of steel plate shear wall (SPSW) with oval-curved architectural openings and vertically flexible horizontal connection elements is proposed. The vertical flexibility of the wall accommodates the construction settlement introduced by column contraction under the dead loads of the upper stories and allows sequential installation from the lower stories. A quasi-static cyclic loading test and finite element (FE) analysis verified the stable seismic behaviors of the ovally-perforated vertically-flexible steel plate shear wall (OVSPW). The results of FE parametric analysis showed that an OVSPW with an appropriate thickness of boundary elements effectively accommodated the construction settlement that could lead to large in-plane compression for a conventional SPSW. The horizontal connection elements made of steel tubes realized the vertical stiffness of OVSPW to less than 2% of the original value without changing the lateral stiffness. New design equations of the OVSPW were derived through integral and extreme value solutions to predict the mechanical behavior of OVSPW.  相似文献   

国家主体功能区战略背景下东北地区城市经济增长的动力与路径——基于城市暂住人口视角   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘正桥  王良健 《地理研究》2013,32(4):683-690

经济、人口、资源与环境的协调发展是新型城市化战略的核心,也是国家主体功能区规划的重要内容。鉴于各类主体功能区在东北地区并存,考察其经济增长与城市化开发路径,可为全国提供较好借鉴。以东北地区城市暂住人口为切入点,探讨了城市暂住人口与经济增长相互影响的作用机制,进而构建暂住人口与经济增长联立方程,并使用东北地区34个地级城市的面板数据进行实证分析,考量以暂住人口吸纳与承载能力为标志的城市化潜力与经济增长的动力。研究表明:在国家主体功能区战略背景下,需充分尊重和考虑东北地区各类开发区域与城市的经济、社会、自然与生态状况,应通过中心城市产业结构调整、生态功能区人口迁出等途径进行集中均衡式的城市化开发,积极加快推进基本公共服务均等化和城市内部基础设施完善。  相似文献   

Vibration analysis of steel structures including the effect of panel zone flexibility based on the energy method     

Hasan Ghasemzadeh  Hamid Rahmani Samani  Masoud Mirtaheri 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2013,12(4):587-598

New approximate formulas are proposed to determine the natural frequencies of structures considering the effects of panel zone flexibility and soil-structure interaction. Several structures with various earthquake resisting systems are idealized as prismatic cantilever flexural-shear beams. Floor masses are considered as lumped masses at each story level and masses of columns are evenly distributed along the cantilever beam. Soil-structure interaction is considered as axial and rotational springs, whose potential energy are formulated and incorporated into overall potential energy of the structure. Subsequently, natural frequency equations are derived on the basis of energy conservation principle. The effect of axial forces on natural frequency is also considered in the proposed formulas. Using the method presented in this study, natural frequencies are computed using a simplified method with no complex numerical modeling. The proposed formulas are verified via experimental and numerical methods. Close agreement between the results from these three approaches are observed. Furthermore, the effects of panel zone flexibility, continuity plates and doubler plates on the natural frequencies of buildings are investigated.  相似文献   

中国能源消费碳排放强度及其影响因素的空间计量(英文)     

程叶青  王哲野  叶信岳  魏也华 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,(4)

The sustainable development has been seriously challenged by global climate change due to carbon emissions. As a developing country, China promised to reduce 40%–45% below the level of the year 2005 on its carbon intensity by 2020. The realization of this target depends on not only the substantive transition of society and economy at the national scale, but also the action and share of energy saving and emissions reduction at the provincial scale. Based on the method provided by the IPCC, this paper examines the spatiotemporal dynamics and dominating factors of China's carbon intensity from energy consumption in 1997–2010. The aim is to provide scientific basis for policy making on energy conservation and carbon emission reduction in China. The results are shown as follows. Firstly, China's carbon emissions increased from 4.16 Gt to 11.29 Gt from 1997 to 2010, with an annual growth rate of 7.15%, which was much lower than that of GDP(11.72%). Secondly, the trend of Moran's I indicated that China's carbon intensity has a growing spatial agglomeration at the provincial scale. The provinces with either high or low values appeared to be path-dependent or space-locked to some extent. Third, according to spatial panel econometric model, energy intensity, energy structure, industrial structure and urbanization rate were the dominating factors shaping the spatiotemporal patterns of China's carbon intensity from energy consumption. Therefore, in order to realize the targets of energy conservation and emission reduction, China should improve the efficiency of energy utilization, optimize energy and industrial structure, choose the low-carbon urbanization approach and implement regional cooperation strategy of energy conservation and emissions reduction.  相似文献   

自动气象站采集器显示板维修经验          下载免费PDF全文

徐远远  谢君 《气象与环境科学》2007,30(B09):182-183

根据ZQZ—CⅡ型自动气象站采集器的显示板的工作原理及维修实际经验，介绍了维修显示板的基本方法及主要芯片的性能，并对典型故障进行举例分析。  相似文献