Unstable Dynamical Properties of Spiral Cloud Bands in Tropical Cyclones          下载免费PDF全文

HUANG Hong  ZHANG Ming 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2009,23(4):485-493

A nondivergent barotropic model （Model 1） and a barotropic primitive equation vortex model （Model 2） are linearized respectively in this paper. Then their perturbation wave spectrums are computed with a normal mode approach to study the instability problem on an appointed tropical cyclone （TC）-like vortex, thereby, the dynamic instability properties of spiral cloud bands of TCs are discussed. The results show that the unstable mode of both models exhibits a spiral band-like structure that propagates away from the vortex outside the radius of maximum winds. The discrete modal instability of the pure vortex Rossby wave can account for the generation of the eyewall and the inner spiral band. The unstable mode in Model 2 has three parts, i.e., eyewall, inner and outer spiral bands. This mode can be interpreted as a mixed vortex Rossby-inertia gravitational wave. The unbalanced property of the wave outside the stagnation radius of the vortex Rossby wave is one of the important reasons for the formation of the outer spiral band in TCs. Accordingly, the outer spiral band can be identified to possess properties of an inertial-gravitational wave. When the formation of unstable inner and outer spiral bands is studied, a barotropic vortex model shall be used. In this model, the most unstable perturbation bears the attributes of either the vortex Rossby wave or the inertial-gravitational wave, depending on the vortex radius. So such perturbations shall be viewed as an unbalanced and unstable mixed wave of these two kinds of waves.  相似文献   

The Dynamical and Climate Tests of an Atmospheric General Circulation Model Using the Second-Order Adams-Bashforth Method          下载免费PDF全文

赵滨  钟青 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2009,23(6):738-749

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The Impact of Mid- and High-Latitude Rossby Wave Activities on the Medium-Range Evolution of the EAP Pattern During the Pre-Rainy Period of South China          下载免费PDF全文

SHI Ning  BUEH Cholaw  JI Liren  WANG Panxing 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2009,23(3):300-314

Based on the NCEP DOE AMIP II daily reanalysis data (1979{2005), the evolution of the East Asia/Pacific(EAP) teleconnection pattern during the pre-rainy period of South China is studied on the medium-range time scale. It is found that positive and negative EAP patterns share a similar generation process. In the middle and upper troposphere, Rossby wave packets emanating from the northeast Atlantic or Europe propagate toward East Asia along the Eurasian continent waveguide and finally give rise to the three anomaly centers of the EAP pattern over East Asia. Among the three anomaly centers, the western Pacific subtropical center appears the latest. Rossby wave packets propagate from the high latitude anomaly center toward the mid-latitude and the subtropical ones. The enhancement and maintenance of the subtropical anomaly center is closely associated with the subtropical jet waveguide and the incoming Rossby wave packets from the upstream. In the lower troposphere, Rossby wave packets emanate from the subtropical Asia toward East Asia. Positive and negative EAP patterns could not be regarded as "mirrors" to each other with simply re- versed phase. For the positive pattern, the positive height anomaly center around the Scandinavia Peninsula keeps its strength and position during the mature period, and the Rossby wave packets thus propagate persistently toward East Asia, facilitating a longer mature time of the positive pattern. As for the formation of the negative EAP pattern, however, the incoming Rossby wave energy from the upstream contributes to both the enhancement and southeastward movement of the negative anomaly belt from the Yenisei River to the Bering Strait and the positive anomaly center around Mongolia. At the peak time, the two anomlous circulations are evolved into the Northeast Asia and the mid-latitude anomaly centers of the negative pattern, respectively. The energy dispersion of Rossby wave packets is relatively fast due to the predominant zonal circulation in the extratropics, causing a shorter mature period of the negative pattern. During the pre-rainy period of South China, the prevalence of the EAP pattern signiˉcantly affects the rainfall over the region south of the Yangtze River. The positive (negative) EAP pattern tends to causepositive (negative) precipitation anomalies in that region. This is di?erent from the earlier research findingsbased on monthly mean data.  相似文献   

“2007.7.6”飞机颠簸事件数值模拟与成因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘峰  赵琳  田军  李银芳 《气象》2009,35(10):40-49

利用WRF模式模拟了2007年7月6日发生在菲律宾南部海域上空的一次民航飞机颠簸事件.结果表明,综合分析WRF模式计算得到的Ri和EI等预报指数,能够确定飞机颠簸发生的区域、高度和强度.飞机遭遇颠簸的区域是位于涡旋云系外围的螺旋云带的上空,飞机在飞越由重力波形成的螺旋云带时,在强烈的垂直上升和下沉气流的转换区域产生了急速的上抛和下降运动.  相似文献   

一次春季强寒潮的降水相态变化分析   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16  

李江波  李根娥  裴雨杰  王福霞  王新龙  文杰 《气象》2009,35(7):87-94

应用NCEP 1°×1°资料、常规观测资料、自动站资料、多普勒天气雷达资料,对2007年3月河北省一次早春强寒潮天气背景下的降水多相态转换的成因与雨雪转换的预报进行了分析.结果表明:850hPa及以下蒙古高压和江淮气旋共同作用产生的偏东风导致低层大气温度持续下降,降水性质从雨转为雪.随着江淮气旋入海,高低空风向发生突变,从东北风转为西北风,加上太行山地形作用,使太行山东麓部分地区低层大气出现小幅升温,0℃层高度抬升,致使从雪转为雨.多普勒天气雷达回波图上,0℃层亮带高度的迅速下降,可作为从液态降水向固态降水转换的判据之一.天气学分析表明,当0℃层高度低于950hPa、地面气温在0℃上下、1000hPa温度低于2℃、925hPa温度低于-2℃时,降水性质将从雨向雨夹雪或雪转变.  相似文献   

影响广播中波转播站防雷系统作用的几个关键技术     

廖必军  谭冰 《气象科技》2009,37(6):779-781

电台中波转播站多建于城市近郊区,由于天线高耸落雷几率高,因而易受雷击干扰。针对建站时原已通过防雷验收的转播站设施在投入使用后依然频遭雷击受损的状况,分析了其防雷系统的内在布设技术问题,认为广播中波转播站原有防雷系统的一些关键技术缺漏是遭雷击受损的主要原因,并从转播站的实际情况出发,提出了转播站防雷设计的几个关键技术问题的解决方法：接地网逐级分流、屏蔽馈线再加设外屏蔽环群技术以及不同的线路、不同系统保护的配合方法等,从而形成广播转播站完整的防雷保护系统框架。  相似文献   

中国高温热浪危害特征的研究综述   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15  

徐金芳  邓振镛  陈敏 《干旱气象》2009,27(2):163-167

全面综述了高温热浪气象灾害在危害特点、标准与类型、气候特征、形成原因、对全球气候变暖的响应、监测和预测与预警技术、减灾技术及应对策略等8个方面的研究成果.高温热浪是一种较短时间尺度的天气灾害,基本天气特征是高温低湿,除高寒地带外,每年6～8月在全国各地均有发生.大气环流异常是高温热浪形成的直接原因,气候变暖变干是导致高温热浪频繁发生的重要原因.深刻了解高温热浪的危害特征,对应对高温热浪发生发展、监测预测、安全生产、趋利弊害具有重要的指导作用.  相似文献   

中高纬Rossby波活动对盛夏东亚/太平洋事件中期演变过程的影响   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

施宁  布和朝鲁  纪立人 《大气科学》2009,33(5):1087-1100

在中期时间尺度上探讨了Rossby波活动对盛夏东亚太平洋(EAP)事件的影响。正负EAP事件的形成过程不是简单的反位相过程, 但这一时期的气候平均流波导结构决定了两者在Rossby波能量频散特征上有许多相似之处。在对流层中上层, 源自上游东北大西洋或东欧平原的Rossby波能量经巴尔喀什湖附近向东北方向频散, 它对东北亚异常中心的形成和维持起重要作用。由于盛夏东亚急流位置偏北, 我国华北[CD*2]东北地区成为波导区, Rossby波能量从贝加尔湖附近向该波导区频散, 形成了EAP事件的东亚中纬度异常中心。在EAP事件的三个异常中心中, 东北亚异常中心最先形成, 西太平洋副热带异常中心则最后出现。在对流层上下层波导结构有明显差异, 它导致了Rossby波能量在东亚沿岸中高纬地区的反向经向传播特征。在负事件的对流层低层, 西太平洋副热带异常中心和中纬度两个异常中心间的经向Rossby波链接较为明显。在东亚地区, 盛夏月平均尺度上EAP型的Rossby能量频散特征与中期EAP事件基本一致。  相似文献   

南亚高压在高原建立的路径类型及其分析     

郭准  郭品文  茅懋 《南京气象学院学报》2009,32(6):815-823

利用1948-2006年NCEP／NCAR逐日再分析资料分析了南亚高压的移动路径、特征及其触发机制。根据高压的移动情况及其环流等特征发现,南亚高压的移动路径分为东路型,南路型和西路型。对比不同路径的温度场、风场及热源整层积分场等特征,发现不同路径之间存在很大差异。通过SVD分析以及合成分析发现,高原附近热源强弱配置的差异是造成路径差异的可能原因;同时,高原地区热力、动力作用造成的中低纬度的大气长波波型配置对路径的影响也至关重要。  相似文献   

T639数据格式及其读取方法     

袁国波  韩子亮  赵红霞 《陕西气象》2009,(4):8-10

本文对2008年12月19日-21日朔州市强寒潮天气过程的高、低空环流形势、单站气象要素变化进行了分析,结果表明：500 hPa横槽转竖、中西伯利亚地面冷高压维持加强后南压爆发、850 hPa冷平流是产生强降温的主要原因.  相似文献