The Complete Sequence of Mitochondrial COⅡ Gene of Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Its Applicability as a Marker for Phylogenetic Analysis     

YU Shanshan KONG Xiaoyu LI Yulong XU Hui 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(2):187-192

The complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ （COⅡ） gene of Penaeinae shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis was cloned and sequenced. The gene is 688 bp in length and codes for 229 amino acids. It shows 83.2%, 87.0% and 83.8% sequence similarity to Marsupenaeus Japonicus, Penaeus monodon and Farfantepenaeus notialis, respectively. The A＋T content of the whole gene and that at the third position of codons are 64.7% and 78.2%, respectively. The phylogenetic relationship between F. chinensis and three other species representing genera Farfanatepenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus was analyzed. Results showed that the genetic distances among the four taxa ranged from 0.144 0 to 0.200 5, exceeding those estimated with COⅠ and partial 16S rRNA gene sequences among Marsupenaeus, Litopenaeus and Melicertus, and being therefore larger than the value among subgenera. It has been suggested that the COⅡ gene has a faster evolutionary rate than that of the COⅠ gene and partial 16S rRNA gene and could be used for phylogenetic analysis at genus or species level. The results of the present study indicated that Farfantepenaeus, Fenneropenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus are at a higher phylogenetic level than subgenus, which supports the opinion of the elevation of phylogenetic status of the four subgenera to genus level.  相似文献   

DNA barcode assessment of Ceramiales (Rhodophyta) in the intertidal zone of the northwestern Yellow Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杜国英  吴菲菲  郭皓  薛红凡  茅云翔 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(3):685-695

A total of 142 specimens of Ceramiales(Rhodophyta) were collected each month from October 2011 to November 2012 in the intertidal zone of the northwestern Yellow Sea. These specimens covered 21 species,14 genera,and four families. Cluster analyses show that the specimens had a high diversity for the three DNA markers,namely,partial large subunit r RNA gene(LSU),universal plastid amplicon(UPA),and partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene(COI). No intraspecific divergence was found in our collection for these markers,except for a 1–3 bp divergence in the COI of Ceramium kondoi,Symphyocladia latiuscula,and Neosiphonia japonica. Because short DNA markers were used,the phylogenetic relationships of higher taxonomic levels were hard to evaluate with poor branch support. More than half species of our collection failed to find their matched sequences owing to shortage information of DNA barcodes for macroalgae in Gen Bank or BOLD(Barcode of Life Data) Systems. Three specimens were presumed as H eterosiphonia crispella by cluster analyses on DNA barcodes assisted by morphological identification,which was the first record in the investigated area,implying that it might be a cryptic or invasive species in the coastal area of northwestern Yellow Sea. In the neighbor-joining trees of all three DNA markers,H eterosiphonia japonica converged with D asya spp. and was distant from the other Heterosiphonia spp.,implying that H. japonica had affinities to the genus Dasya. The LSU and UPA markers amplified and sequenced easier than the COI marker across the Ceramiales species,but the COI had a higher ability to discriminate between species.  相似文献   

脊尾白虾蜕皮抑制激素基因全长cDNA的克隆及其对环境胁迫的响应     

张美  刘萍  李吉涛  李健 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(4):764-775

为研究脊尾白虾蜕皮抑制激素基因(MIH)在环境适应中的作用,本文采用RACE技术从蜕皮间期脊尾白虾眼柄中克隆获得MIH-like基因全长c DNA序列,命名为Ec MIH。该基因全长1218bp,包括360bp的开放阅读框,420bp的5'端非编码区和394bp的3'端非编码区;开放阅读框编码120个氨基酸,包括41个氨基酸组成的信号肽和79个氨基酸组成的成熟肽,预测蛋白分子量为13.71k Da,理论等电点p I为8.02。同源性比较分析发现,脊尾白虾MIH-like基因与日本沼虾和罗氏沼虾同源性最高,分别为87%和86%。荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,脊尾白虾MIH-like基因在眼柄中的表达量最高,在卵巢中的表达量最少,而在肝脏、肌肉、鳃和血细胞中不表达。环境胁迫后该基因具有明显的时序性。p H6.5胁迫后24h和48h,眼柄和腹神经节中MIH-like基因的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05);4mg/L氨氮浓度组胁迫后12h和24h,眼柄和腹神经节中MIH-like基因的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05);盐度39胁迫后12h和24h,眼柄和腹神经节中MIH-like基因的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05)。本研究结果表明脊尾白虾mih基因参与了环境胁迫后的机体应激反应。  相似文献   

性类固醇激素E₂、MT 对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)雌、雄生长差异的影响     

马细兰  张勇  陈勇智  周立斌 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(6):1487-1493

性类固醇激素对动物生长有一定的影响, 但其对鱼类雌、雄生长差异的影响机理尚不清楚。 为进一步了解动物雌雄生长差异的内在原因, 本文通过在体注射和荧光定量PCR 方法, 比较了性类 固醇激素(E₂、MT)对尼罗罗非鱼雌鱼和雄鱼的生长及对垂体GH、肝脏GHR1、IGF-I mRNA 表达的 影响。结果表明: 性类固醇激素E₂ 和MT 对尼罗罗非鱼的生长及生长轴相关基因的表达均有显著的 影响, 并且这种影响存在明显的性别二态性。E₂ 明显促进雌鱼的生长但不显著影响雄鱼的生长, MT 显著促进雄鱼和雌鱼的生长; E₂ 可使雌鱼垂体GH 和肝脏GHR1 、IGF-I 的mRNA 水平显著升高 (P<0.05), 但降低雄鱼垂体GH和肝脏GHR1的mRNA表达; MT 显著提高雄鱼垂体GH和肝脏GHR1、 IGF-I mRNA 水平(P<0.05), 但降低雌鱼垂体GH 的mRNA 表达, 促进雌鱼肝脏GHR1 mRNA 的表达, 但对雄鱼肝脏GHR1 的促进作用明显大于雌鱼(P<0.05).上述结果表明, 性类固醇激素对不同性别尼 罗罗非鱼的生长及生长轴相关基因的mRNA 表达有不同的影响, 表现出明显的性别二态性, 提示不 同性别鱼体内性类固醇激素水平的不同可能是导致尼罗罗非鱼雌雄生长二态性的另一内在原因。  相似文献   

High connectivity and directional gene flow in European Atlantic and Mediterranean populations of Ciona intestinalis sp. A          下载免费PDF全文

Ornella Affinito  Nikos Andreakis  Luigi Caputi  Rita Marino  Raimondo Pannone  Paolo Sordino  Gabriele Procaccini 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(4):1230-1243

Understanding the factors that cause population divergence has long been of interest to marine biologists in their attempts to interpret the effect of human‐mediated vectors. Broadcast‐spawning species with limited dispersal capability are excellent candidates to measure the present‐day patterns of genetic diversity. The tunicate Ciona intestinalis (Ascidiacea) is comprised of a complex of morphologically cryptic species that form vigorous aggregates in eutrophic habitats (harbors, gulfs and lagoons) where they can compete with the epibenthic community and cause biofouling problems. This study investigated biogeographic variability and migration patterns of C. intestinalis sp. A along Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts using microsatellite markers. Data presented here on 371 specimens collected from 17 populations reveal high genetic polymorphism, but with a deficit of heterozygote deficiency. Absence of evidence for isolation by distance suggests that the genetic patterns do not reflect the geographic distribution of sampled populations. Substantial gene flow and artificial potential for dispersal boost high levels of within‐population genetic variability and prevent genetic differentiation within and between seas. A predominant eastward migration pattern was revealed by the data set, with very limited opportunity for C. intestinalis sp. A to travel westward. This directional movement indicates that other properties (e.g. habitat quality, genetic traits, mating system, life cycle) may cause adaptive divergence at a large biogeographic scale.  相似文献   

Fine‐scale diet of the Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea) using DNA‐based analysis of faeces          下载免费PDF全文

Kristian J. Peters  Kathy Ophelkeller  Nathan J. Bott  Bruce E. Deagle  Simon N. Jarman  Simon D. Goldsworthy 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(3):347-367

We applied DNA‐based faecal analysis to determine the diet of female Australian sea lions (n = 12) from two breeding colonies in South Australia. DNA dietary components of fish and cephalopods were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and mitochondrial DNA primers targeting the short (~100 base pair) section of the 16S gene region. Prey diversity was determined by sequencing ~50 amplicons generated from clone libraries developed for each individual. Faecal DNA was also combined and cloned from multiple individuals at each colony and fish diversity determined. Diets varied between individuals and sites. Overall, DNA analysis identified a broad diversity of prey comprising 23 fish and five cephalopod taxa, including many species not previously described as prey of the Australian sea lion. Labridae (wrasse), Monacanthidae (leatherjackets) and Mullidae (goat fish) were important fish prey taxa. Commonly identified cephalopods were Octopodidae (octopus), Loliginidae (calamary squid) and Sepiidae (cuttlefish). Comparisons of fish prey diversity determined by pooling faecal DNA from several samples provided a reasonable but incomplete resemblance (55–71%) to the total fish diversity identified across individual diets at each site. Interpretation of diet based on the recovery of prey hard‐parts identified one cephalopod beak (Octopus sp.) and one fish otolith (Parapriacanthus elongatus). The present study highlights the value of DNA‐based analyses and their capabilities to enhance information of trophic interactions.  相似文献   

伶鼬榧螺(Oliva mustelina)的分子鉴定及其形态变异     

李海涛  何薇  周鹏  陈凯彪  董燕红 《海洋学报》2015,37(4):117-123

根据榧螺螺旋部的差异可将其分为两种不同的形态类型,类型Ⅰ(MorphotypeⅠ)的个体螺旋部陷入体螺层中,其壳顶与前部数螺层愈合;类型Ⅱ(MorphotypeⅡ)的个体螺旋部高出壳顶,缝合线明显,此类型可明确鉴定为伶鼬榧螺(Oliva mustelina)。本研究通过线粒体COⅠ和16SrRNA基因序列的分析对两种形态类型的榧螺进行了分子鉴定。结果表明:两种形态类型的榧螺含有共享的单倍型;不同形态类型间的遗传距离和同一形态类型内的遗传距离重叠;两者的单系性在系统发育分析中没有得到显现,而是共同构成一个单系。因此,两种形态类型的个体均为伶鼬榧螺。类型Ⅰ可能是伶鼬榧螺中一种少见的有别于典型个体的形态变异类型。  相似文献   

松江鲈(Trachidermus fasciatus)泛素结合酶E2-D2基因的分子克隆及组织表达分析     

陈学昭  张雷  于珊珊  毕彩红  刘春影  祝茜 《海洋学报》2015,37(10):133-140

泛素结合酶(UbcE2)是蛋白泛素化过程中所必需的酶,在泛素转移和底物的特异性识别方面发挥着重要的作用。本实验利用RACE技术克隆获得了全长为993bp的松江鲈泛素结合酶E2-D2基因cDNA序列(命名为TfUbcE2-D2),其开放阅读框为444bp,编码147个氨基酸。通过SMART预测得知,TfUbcE2-D2含有一个UBCc结构域。同源比对结果表明该基因与其他物种的同源性为92.31%。实时荧光定量PCR显示,TfUbcE2-D2广泛表达于松江鲈各组织,在肾脏中的相对表达量最高,其次为鳃。鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)刺激后,TfUbcE2-D2在血液、脾脏、肝脏和鳃中表达均上调,其中,脾脏和鳃中的表达量上调约40倍。由以上实验结果推测,TfUbcE2-D2可能参与松江鲈的先天免疫防御。  相似文献   

中国南海一株固氮类芽孢杆菌的筛选和分离鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张丽红  刘艳芳  胡青平 《海洋科学》2015,39(3):100-105

为了解中国南海海洋自生固氮菌的种类,作者对采集的南海海底淤泥样品进行了固氮微生物的分离、筛选及鉴定。经过土样沸水加热处理,无氮培养基平板初筛后,对分离获得的细菌固氮酶结构基因nif H进行扩增,并对其固氮酶活性进行检测,最终获得一株能够产芽孢的固氮细菌。对该菌株进行生理生化性状测定、16S r DNA序列分析(Gen Bank登录号KJ627376),并基于nif H、16S r DNA系统进化树分析,确定该菌为一株固氮类芽孢菌(Paenibacillus sp.)NH-1。本研究表明固氮类芽孢杆菌在海洋中确有分布,海洋自生固氮菌的多样性远远超出人们之前的认识。  相似文献   

海洋酸化对马氏珠母贝珍珠层形成的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董冰冰  黄荣莲  王庆恒  郑哲  焦钰  邓岳文  杜晓东 《海洋科学》2015,39(8):39-46

分析了酸化环境对马氏珠母贝珍珠层形成的影响。在温度为28℃,盐度为31的条件下,分别在p H 8.2(对照组,CG)、p H 7.7(实验一组,E1)和p H 7.4(实验二组,E2)的海水中养殖马氏珠母贝,观察贝壳珍珠层结晶形貌的变化,并检测珍珠层形成相关的矿化基因(pif177、nacrein及pearlin)在外套膜中央区(mantle center,MC)的表达。结果表明:(1)通过扫描电镜观察贝壳,比较对照组与实验组贝壳晶体形貌变化,发现E1组贝壳珍珠层低倍镜下,生长阶梯明显,高倍镜下超微结构规则,六边形棱角不明显,但边界清晰;而E2组出现板块边界不明显,生长排列不规则等现象,说明了海水酸化影响了马氏珠母贝的钙沉积,引起珍珠层形貌特征的变化;(2)实验设定条件下,pif177、nacrein及pearlin基因表达量整体上呈现随p H降低而降低的变化趋势。其中,E1组与CG组间均无显著性差异(P0.05),E2组均较CG组显著下调(P0.05)。  相似文献